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Gargas , E., 1970, Measurement of primary production dark fixation and vertical distribution of the microbenthic algae in the 0resund : Ophelia, vol. 8, pp. 231-253 Giere, 0., 1979, The impact of oil pollution on intertidal meiofauna. Field studies after the La Coruna-spill , May 1976 : Cah . Biol. Mar. , vol. 20, pp. 231-252 Glemarec, M. et C. Hily, 1981, Perturbations apportees a la macrofaune benthique de la baie de Concarneau par les effluents ur- bains et portuaires : pp. 139-150 Acta Oecologica , Oecol . Applic, vol. 3, Gray, J.S., 1971, The effects of pollution on sand meiofauna communities : Thai. Jugoslav., vol. 7 (1), pp. 79-86 Hartwig, E.O., 1978, Factors affecting respiration and photosynthesis by the benthic community of a subtidal siliceous sediment : Mar. Biol., vol. 46 (4), pp. 283-294 Hicks, G.R.F., 1977, Species composition and zoogeography of marine phytal harpacticoid copepods from Cook Strait, and their contribution of total phytal meiofauna : N.Z. Jour. Mar. Fresh. Res., vol. 11 (3), pp. 441-469 Hunding, C., 1971, Production of benthic microalgae zone of a eutrophic lake : Oikos in the littoral , vol. 22 (3), pp. 389-397 Le Moal , Y., 1981, Ecologie dynamique des plages touchees par la maree noire de 1' "Amoco-Cadiz" : These 3e Cycle, Univ. Bretagne Occidentale Le Moal, Y. et M. Quillien-Monot , 1981, Etude des populations de la macrofaune et de leurs juveniles sur les plages des Abers Benoit et Wrac'h : In "Amoco-Cadiz, Consequences d'une pollution accidentelle par les hydrocarbures" , Actes du Colloque international, Brest, 19-22 novembre 1979, CNEXO Ed., pp. 311-326 Linden, 0., E.L. Elmgren et P. Boehm, 1979, The Tsesis oil spil impact on the coastal ecosystem of the Baltic Sea : Ambio, pp. 244-253 : its : Lorenzen , C.J., 1967, Determination of chlorophyll* and : phaeopigments spectrophotometry equations 343-346 Limnol. Oceanog., vol. 12, pp. Mac Intyre, A.D., A.S. Munro et J.H. Steele, 1970, Energy flow in a sand : ecosystem In "Marine Foodchains", Oliver and Boyd Ed., Edinburgh, pp. 19-31 Plante-Cuny, M.R., T. Le Campion-Alsumard et E. Vacelet , 1981, Influence de la pollution due a 1' "Amoco-Cadiz" sur les peuplements bacteriens et microphytiques des marais maritimes de l'lle Grande. 2.- Peuplements microphytiques : In "Amoco-Cadiz, Consequences d'une pollution accidentelle par les hydrocarbures" Actes du Colloque International, Brest, 19-22 novembre 1979, CNEXO Ed. , pp. 429-442 266
Renaud-Mornant , J. et N. Gourbault , 1980, Survie de la meiofaune (chenal de Morlaix, greve apres l'echouement de 1 ' "Amoco-Cadiz" de Roscoff) : Bull. Mus . natn . Hist, nat . , Paris, 4e sir., Vol. 2 (3), pp. 759-772 Steele, J.H. et I.E. Baird, 1968, Production, ecology of a sandy beach : Limnol . Oceanog., vol. 12, pp. 14-25 Sundback , K. et L.E. Persson, 1981, The effect of microbenthic grazing by an amphipod Bathyporeia pilosa , Lindstora : Kiel. Meer. S, pp. 573-575 Wormald, A. P., 1976, Effects of a spill of marine diesel oil on the meiofauna of a sandy beach at Picnic : Bay, Hongkong Environ. Pollut., vol. 11, pp. 117-130 Ce travail a ete en partie rialisi grace au Contrat NOAA/CNEXO n° 79/6184. 267
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Na/JA/CNfiXO 0
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ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE AMOCO CADIZ
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Preface TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Physic
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PREFACE At approximately 11:30 p.m.
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In November 1979, an international
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CNEXO-NOAA Joint Scientific Commiss
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MICROBIAL HYDROCARBON DEGRADATION W
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Chemical Hydrocarbon Analyses Perfo
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147, 156, 170, 178, 184, 192, 198,
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The microbial hydrocarbon biodegrad
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TABLE 7. Biodegradation of 9-methyl
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The detailed gas-chromatographic an
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TABLE 13. Hydrocarbon concentration
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TABLE 17. Hydrocarbon concentration
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TTTl n rrffl KMIIMCi WOU^I ! I .Dm.
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o z o 5- 3- UJ >4 UJ - cc 2- I ll F
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z o 4. 3_ 2- t- 1 _ < K o z o 1_ o
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CONCLUSIONS Microbial degradation a
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LIQUID 5AK?lE CCNTftit-'JGAriOH + F
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The saturated hydrocarbons were mos
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acteria of the genus Moraxella, ind
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2. CONTINUOUS CULTURES In continuou
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INTRODUCTION All fate and effects s
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2.1 Sediments and Sediment Cores (E
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TABLE 2. Focus of GC/MS analyses. S
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T.ssue Semoie S50 grams Wet) HI Dis
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ae = E3£\CE '.tC'-SSE S* -•* 3 S
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TABLE 3A. Weathering of AMOCO CADIZ
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fli-Liftim Mi.u".- i I 7 1 1 5 6 /
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3.2 Surface Sediments (Atlas, Unive
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_l I I I I I L_ a •BIOGENIC P •
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TABLE 6. Replication of hydrocarbon
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-I—i i i i i i i i—i—i—I t
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t i I hn I 94 n,, , i i I ABCOEFGHI
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C30BT:177ng g 1 * ? » I—I—I I
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marker compounds, the C3 dibenzothi
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TABLE 8. AMOCO CADIZ sediment sampl
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TABLE 11. St. Michel en Greve/Lanni
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TABLE 14. L'Aber Benoit GC/MS resul
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3.4 Sediment Cores (Ward, Montana S
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' TABLE 16. L'Aber Wrac h sediment
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!•[ 220 = f occEMeea 1979 AUGUST
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10 120 1000 no g 400 600 ALU ISO AL
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The AMC-4 cores appear dominated by
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3.5 Oysters and Plaice (Neff, Batte
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The GC traces for the impacted oyst
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m/e m/8 m/e Lja.i t: J b l| c I "II
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-* I I I I ABCDEFGH IJ K LMNOPQRSTU
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AROMA IK S SATURATES 4-1 FIGURE 3.7
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TABLE 20. AMOCO CADIZ chemistry pro
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TABLE 24. Results of ISTPM fish ana
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3.7 Seaweed and Sediments (Topinka,
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ma. w p FIGURE 3.81. HC-4-1 seaweed
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9) Oysters were initially heavily i
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STUDIES OF HYDROCARBON CONCENTRATIO
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sample 1 - extraction (toluene meth
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TABLE 1. Hydrocarbon content of lie
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TABLE 3. Chromatographic analysis o
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1A _jiU' IB •JlIw '3 L Pr i 2A 2B
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CD o 0. - f 2104 "*. vli . ! i » -
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A IB A HC. SATURES S M C C [HiLJJL
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The relative contents of saturated
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31-03-78 22-11-78 20-06-79 17-1-80
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PORTSALL 23-3-78 FPD AW 22-11- 78 F
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31-03-78 22-11-78 20 - 06 - 79 17-
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STATION 6 i—r 3400 3000 1600 31-0
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PORTSALL 23-3-78 FPD AW 22-11-78 FP
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Photometry Detection (FPD) as well.
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1 r PIODUI7S F.ECUPEF.ES BRUT DECAN
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The chromatogram of the saturated h
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etween the end of March and early A
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certain chemical species which are
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It should be noted that a sample ta
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REFERENCES CITED Aminot, A., 1981,
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affected a very large section of th
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OIL POLLUTION IN THE WESTERN ENGLIS
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atio of more than 100 is an index o
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TABLE 4. Comparison between hydroca
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FIGURE 7. Sampling stations in the
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IBB 000,- HC CPPM] ib me. lass. 100
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We would particular
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METHANE-PRODUCING BACTERIA POLYMERI
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AMOCO CAQiZ ® BE" 'LOUT U A8ER .^"
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and methanolic (f~) fractions for o
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14 99%) from New England Nuclear; n
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concentrations were extremely low (
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(A) Oiled Estuary Mudtiat cms " i l
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TABLE 3. Aromatic Hydrocarbons in B
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TABLE 4. 11 *C0 2 + 1
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IGO 3-6 cm slurry IGO 3-6cm slurry
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FRESH OIL hk UjlAdU-uJM^vA. i^w*XaA
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TABLE 7. Effect of AMOCO CADIZ Mous
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14 TABLE 10. Effect of Hydrocarbons
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pounds were, however, noted at dept
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effects of additional heavy oiling.
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Centre Nationale pour ' 1 Exploitat
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S^rensen, J., D. Christensen, and B
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REPONSES DES PEUPLEMENTS SUBTIDAUX
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Les nouvelles populations caracteri
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TABLEAU I. L' evolution des peuplem
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B Dui © ® Du 2 © Sf FIGURE 4. Ev
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populations initiales durant la pre
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vs w DU w VS/ FV W DU,B SHV W ' \ /
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Connell, J.H. et R.O. Slatyer, 1977
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Les unites cenotigues correspondant
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les peuplements de la baie de Morla
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R, E c a ~ a H CO 3 -> E ;j cu R. a
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-
Page 231 and 232: leurs du meme ordre qu'avant la pol
Page 233 and 234: N/m 10 10 10 10 • -* Cycle normal
Page 235 and 236: 3.2.3.2) Peuplement des sables tres
Page 237 and 238: Richesse specifique (fig. 10) D'avr
Page 239 and 240: N.m-2 300^ 250 200- 150 100 50 -•
Page 241 and 242: propor tionnels aux quantities d'hy
Page 243 and 244: Den HARTOG, C. 8 R.E.W.H. JACOBS, 1
Page 245 and 246: ETUDE EXPERIMENTALE D'UNE POLLUTION
Page 247 and 248: I. Pump2 Pumpl HL_Q I § i I ,1 1 I
Page 249 and 250: 3000 1500 1000 - FIGURE 2. Evolutio
Page 251 and 252: L'evolution des Copepodes harpactic
Page 253 and 254: La sensibilite de cet indice semble
Page 255 and 256: La biomasse est sensiblement plus f
Page 257 and 258: BIBLIOGRAPHIE Andrassy, I., 1956, D
Page 259: Pearson & Rosenberg, 1978, Macroben
Page 262 and 263: INTRODUCTION Dans le cadre du suivi
Page 264 and 265: Pigments chlorophylliens RESULTATS
Page 266 and 267: apparente en decembre 1978 et aout
Page 268 and 269: Pheo (vg/q ) Ca (pg/g) 5 5 to 15 \
Page 270 and 271: Les conditions meteorologiques (fac
Page 272 and 273: TABLEAU 2. Evolution temporelle des
Page 274 and 275: On peut aussi expliquer , du moins
Page 276 and 277: A Brouennou, quatre groupes ecologi
Page 278 and 279: un groupe de sabulicoles epi- et en
Page 280 and 281: schema des mecanismes regulateurs d
Page 285 and 286: LONG-TERM IMPACT OF THE AMOCO CADIZ
Page 287 and 288: The first type is due to the direct
Page 289 and 290: RESULTS Tissues from 134 specimens
Page 291 and 292: Table I. Distribution of patholocie
Page 293 and 294: a. B o r— IT) —
Page 295 and 296: antenai, and longitudinal spiral ro
Page 297 and 298: epresented an inflammatory response
Page 299 and 300: lateral nuclei were present. The ci
Page 301 and 302: There was also some indication, bas
Page 303 and 304: This method, based on the glucose o
Page 305 and 306: Table 4 . Concentrations of total a
Page 307 and 308: Table 6 . Concentration of aliphati
Page 309 and 310: sediments which is dominated by hig
Page 311 and 312: Table 9 . Concentration of aromatic
Page 313 and 314: COn,pOUnd Table 11 . Concentration
Page 315 and 316: Table 12. Concentrations of total a
Page 317 and 318: . Table 14. Concentration of alipha
Page 319 and 320: Date/Sample April 1979 (13) Whole F
Page 321 and 322: Table 17 . Concentration of total l
Page 323 and 324: laboratory (Wardle, 1972). In the l
Page 326 and 327: Table 23. Concentration of ascorbic
Page 328 and 329: Table 25 • Concentration of free
Page 330 and 331: ange. Dominant tissue-free amino ac
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Table 28 Concentration of free amin
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Table 30. Concentration of free ami
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Table 32 . Concentration of free am
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oil-polluted Abers and from nearby
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REFERENCES CITED Anderson, J.W. , 1
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McCain, B.B., H.O. Hodgins, W.D. Gr
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RETABLISSEMENT NATUREL D'UNE VEGETA
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INTRODUCTION Le retablissement d'un
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Nous distinguerons alors les phases
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Situation 3) Territoires fortement
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Plus precisiment le codage correspo
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Figure 3. Marais 6-Etat en 1979 (le
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Figure 5. Marais 6-Etat en 1981 (le
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Commentaires Mis a. part un petit n
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- Marais 3. Ce transect, situe en m
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TRANSECT 'VVATS 5 Figure 8. Transec
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05 (11 O ; cd 00 i I i I i I I I I
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'igure 9 Transect permanent-Marais
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Commentaires - Estuaire de Kerlavos
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1 - appel a la notion de compositio
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Figure 12. T'orphologie comparee d'
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- les plantes survivantes -initiale
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General RESTORATION OF MARSH VEGETA
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FIGURE 1. Marsh west of the bridge
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1979 Plantings Based on our prelimi
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FIGURE 6. Digging Puccinellia along
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FIGURE 10. A 6.5-cm diameter soil a
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In September, we made 9 additional
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FIGURE 16. Creek bank without veget
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FIGURE 19. Eroding creek bank at He
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'^^Wr ./".#" -•: rst^ s8H.*r FIGU
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FIGURE 26. Experimental planting es
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Elevation All elevations are given
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FIGURE 27. Map of study area on nor
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Keri&vos FIGURE 30. Map of study ar
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^~~ -
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TABLE 4. Survival of two types of t
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area (12 m 2 ) , and was an excepti
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TABLE 8. Aboveground dry weight of
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,^-^ FIGURE 37. Several 2-year old
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FIGURE 38. Experimental planting at
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fr J1MI FIGURE 40. Experimental pla
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Puccinellia were planted at one of
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FIGURE 44. Preliminary planting of
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Transplant Time Requirement It is d
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is about 540 cm^ or over 20 times t
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FIGURE 53. Plant shown in Figure 51
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FIGURE 56. Experimental planting of
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Cooperation with o
Page 434 and 435:
LITERATURE CITED Baker, J. M. , 197
Page 437 and 438:
ETUDES MICROBIOLOGIQUES ET MICROPHY
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HMMME NTHWL SWIRLING SITES Referenc
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dans les chenaux (carottes de 30 a
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degres d'une part, et entre les sta
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Schorres peu polities, CI et Bl CI
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L'activite enzymatique dans cette s
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chenaux : Conclusions sur le biotop
Page 451 and 452:
Les schorres Les schorres, par cont
Page 453 and 454:
stations TABLEAU 2 IIYDROfARUUKES D
Page 455 and 456:
Ci 1 12-14 )uiH 79 2-7 oct 79 23-25
Page 457:
E •" * — lissMs .-*. K V- v..
Page 460 and 461:
FIGURE 8 Evolution temporelle des c
Page 462 and 463:
150- 100 50- 150- 100- 50 446 *o
Page 464 and 465:
REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES Atlas,
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1964-1982, COMPARAISON QUANTITATIVE
Page 469 and 470:
453
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EFFETS DE LA MAREE NOIRE SUR LES PE
Page 473 and 474:
ESPECES En 1980, on a pu cartograph
Page 475 and 476:
3- EVOLUTION GLOBALE II semble s'am
Page 478 and 479:
COUREE DE L EVOLUTION DES BIOMASSES
Page 480 and 481:
464
Page 482 and 483:
CO 00 466
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468
Page 486 and 487:
470
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472
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I s
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476
Page 495:
Q) 1
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