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FIGURE 53. Plant shown in Figure 51 yielded 50 plug type transplants. '"' 'J$mM FIGURE 54. A 1-year old Halimione transplant in the nursery area at lie Grande. 412
FIGURE 55. Halimione sprigs being dug from the nursery area at lie Grande. Invasion of Plantings by Other Plants Observations at lie Grande and Kerlavos indicate that other marsh plants invade our experimental plantings more rapidly than they colonize areas that still lack vegetation cover as a result of cleanup operations. In one of our May 1979 experimental plantings of Puccinellia at Kerlavos (Figs. 56, 57, 58), 97% of the transplants in the 60 m^ area had been invaded by at least one other species by May 1981 (Fig. 59). Of these transplants which had been invaded, 66% were invaded by two or more other species. The most abundant invader was an annual species of Salicornia which was present in 94% of the transplants sampled. Other invading genera in the order of their percentage of presence per transplant sampled were Cochleria (49%), Halimione (24%), Spergularia (10%), and Armeria (1%). 413
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Na/JA/CNfiXO 0
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ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE AMOCO CADIZ
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Preface TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Physic
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PREFACE At approximately 11:30 p.m.
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In November 1979, an international
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CNEXO-NOAA Joint Scientific Commiss
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MICROBIAL HYDROCARBON DEGRADATION W
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Chemical Hydrocarbon Analyses Perfo
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147, 156, 170, 178, 184, 192, 198,
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The microbial hydrocarbon biodegrad
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TABLE 7. Biodegradation of 9-methyl
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The detailed gas-chromatographic an
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TABLE 13. Hydrocarbon concentration
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TABLE 17. Hydrocarbon concentration
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TTTl n rrffl KMIIMCi WOU^I ! I .Dm.
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o z o 5- 3- UJ >4 UJ - cc 2- I ll F
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z o 4. 3_ 2- t- 1 _ < K o z o 1_ o
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CONCLUSIONS Microbial degradation a
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LIQUID 5AK?lE CCNTftit-'JGAriOH + F
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The saturated hydrocarbons were mos
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acteria of the genus Moraxella, ind
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2. CONTINUOUS CULTURES In continuou
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INTRODUCTION All fate and effects s
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2.1 Sediments and Sediment Cores (E
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TABLE 2. Focus of GC/MS analyses. S
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T.ssue Semoie S50 grams Wet) HI Dis
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ae = E3£\CE '.tC'-SSE S* -•* 3 S
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TABLE 3A. Weathering of AMOCO CADIZ
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fli-Liftim Mi.u".- i I 7 1 1 5 6 /
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3.2 Surface Sediments (Atlas, Unive
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_l I I I I I L_ a •BIOGENIC P •
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TABLE 6. Replication of hydrocarbon
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-I—i i i i i i i i—i—i—I t
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t i I hn I 94 n,, , i i I ABCOEFGHI
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C30BT:177ng g 1 * ? » I—I—I I
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marker compounds, the C3 dibenzothi
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TABLE 8. AMOCO CADIZ sediment sampl
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TABLE 11. St. Michel en Greve/Lanni
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TABLE 14. L'Aber Benoit GC/MS resul
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3.4 Sediment Cores (Ward, Montana S
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' TABLE 16. L'Aber Wrac h sediment
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!•[ 220 = f occEMeea 1979 AUGUST
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10 120 1000 no g 400 600 ALU ISO AL
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The AMC-4 cores appear dominated by
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3.5 Oysters and Plaice (Neff, Batte
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The GC traces for the impacted oyst
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m/e m/8 m/e Lja.i t: J b l| c I "II
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-* I I I I ABCDEFGH IJ K LMNOPQRSTU
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AROMA IK S SATURATES 4-1 FIGURE 3.7
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TABLE 20. AMOCO CADIZ chemistry pro
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TABLE 24. Results of ISTPM fish ana
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3.7 Seaweed and Sediments (Topinka,
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ma. w p FIGURE 3.81. HC-4-1 seaweed
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9) Oysters were initially heavily i
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STUDIES OF HYDROCARBON CONCENTRATIO
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sample 1 - extraction (toluene meth
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TABLE 1. Hydrocarbon content of lie
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TABLE 3. Chromatographic analysis o
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1A _jiU' IB •JlIw '3 L Pr i 2A 2B
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CD o 0. - f 2104 "*. vli . ! i » -
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A IB A HC. SATURES S M C C [HiLJJL
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The relative contents of saturated
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31-03-78 22-11-78 20-06-79 17-1-80
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PORTSALL 23-3-78 FPD AW 22-11- 78 F
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31-03-78 22-11-78 20 - 06 - 79 17-
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STATION 6 i—r 3400 3000 1600 31-0
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PORTSALL 23-3-78 FPD AW 22-11-78 FP
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Photometry Detection (FPD) as well.
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1 r PIODUI7S F.ECUPEF.ES BRUT DECAN
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The chromatogram of the saturated h
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etween the end of March and early A
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certain chemical species which are
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It should be noted that a sample ta
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REFERENCES CITED Aminot, A., 1981,
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affected a very large section of th
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OIL POLLUTION IN THE WESTERN ENGLIS
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atio of more than 100 is an index o
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TABLE 4. Comparison between hydroca
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FIGURE 7. Sampling stations in the
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IBB 000,- HC CPPM] ib me. lass. 100
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We would particular
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METHANE-PRODUCING BACTERIA POLYMERI
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AMOCO CAQiZ ® BE" 'LOUT U A8ER .^"
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and methanolic (f~) fractions for o
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14 99%) from New England Nuclear; n
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concentrations were extremely low (
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(A) Oiled Estuary Mudtiat cms " i l
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TABLE 3. Aromatic Hydrocarbons in B
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TABLE 4. 11 *C0 2 + 1
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IGO 3-6 cm slurry IGO 3-6cm slurry
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FRESH OIL hk UjlAdU-uJM^vA. i^w*XaA
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TABLE 7. Effect of AMOCO CADIZ Mous
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14 TABLE 10. Effect of Hydrocarbons
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pounds were, however, noted at dept
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effects of additional heavy oiling.
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Centre Nationale pour ' 1 Exploitat
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S^rensen, J., D. Christensen, and B
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REPONSES DES PEUPLEMENTS SUBTIDAUX
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Les nouvelles populations caracteri
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TABLEAU I. L' evolution des peuplem
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B Dui © ® Du 2 © Sf FIGURE 4. Ev
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populations initiales durant la pre
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vs w DU w VS/ FV W DU,B SHV W ' \ /
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Connell, J.H. et R.O. Slatyer, 1977
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Les unites cenotigues correspondant
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les peuplements de la baie de Morla
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R, E c a ~ a H CO 3 -> E ;j cu R. a
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-
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leurs du meme ordre qu'avant la pol
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N/m 10 10 10 10 • -* Cycle normal
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3.2.3.2) Peuplement des sables tres
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Richesse specifique (fig. 10) D'avr
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N.m-2 300^ 250 200- 150 100 50 -•
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propor tionnels aux quantities d'hy
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Den HARTOG, C. 8 R.E.W.H. JACOBS, 1
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ETUDE EXPERIMENTALE D'UNE POLLUTION
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I. Pump2 Pumpl HL_Q I § i I ,1 1 I
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3000 1500 1000 - FIGURE 2. Evolutio
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L'evolution des Copepodes harpactic
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La sensibilite de cet indice semble
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La biomasse est sensiblement plus f
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BIBLIOGRAPHIE Andrassy, I., 1956, D
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Pearson & Rosenberg, 1978, Macroben
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INTRODUCTION Dans le cadre du suivi
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Pigments chlorophylliens RESULTATS
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apparente en decembre 1978 et aout
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Pheo (vg/q ) Ca (pg/g) 5 5 to 15 \
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Les conditions meteorologiques (fac
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TABLEAU 2. Evolution temporelle des
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On peut aussi expliquer , du moins
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A Brouennou, quatre groupes ecologi
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un groupe de sabulicoles epi- et en
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schema des mecanismes regulateurs d
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Gargas , E., 1970, Measurement of p
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LONG-TERM IMPACT OF THE AMOCO CADIZ
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The first type is due to the direct
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RESULTS Tissues from 134 specimens
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Table I. Distribution of patholocie
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a. B o r— IT) —
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antenai, and longitudinal spiral ro
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epresented an inflammatory response
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lateral nuclei were present. The ci
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There was also some indication, bas
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This method, based on the glucose o
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Table 4 . Concentrations of total a
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Table 6 . Concentration of aliphati
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sediments which is dominated by hig
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Table 9 . Concentration of aromatic
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COn,pOUnd Table 11 . Concentration
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Table 12. Concentrations of total a
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. Table 14. Concentration of alipha
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Date/Sample April 1979 (13) Whole F
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Table 17 . Concentration of total l
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laboratory (Wardle, 1972). In the l
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Table 23. Concentration of ascorbic
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Table 25 • Concentration of free
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ange. Dominant tissue-free amino ac
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Table 28 Concentration of free amin
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Table 30. Concentration of free ami
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Table 32 . Concentration of free am
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oil-polluted Abers and from nearby
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REFERENCES CITED Anderson, J.W. , 1
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McCain, B.B., H.O. Hodgins, W.D. Gr
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RETABLISSEMENT NATUREL D'UNE VEGETA
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INTRODUCTION Le retablissement d'un
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Nous distinguerons alors les phases
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Situation 3) Territoires fortement
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Plus precisiment le codage correspo
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Figure 3. Marais 6-Etat en 1979 (le
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Figure 5. Marais 6-Etat en 1981 (le
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Commentaires Mis a. part un petit n
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- Marais 3. Ce transect, situe en m
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TRANSECT 'VVATS 5 Figure 8. Transec
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05 (11 O ; cd 00 i I i I i I I I I
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'igure 9 Transect permanent-Marais
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Commentaires - Estuaire de Kerlavos
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1 - appel a la notion de compositio
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Figure 12. T'orphologie comparee d'
Page 377 and 378: - les plantes survivantes -initiale
Page 379 and 380: General RESTORATION OF MARSH VEGETA
Page 381 and 382: FIGURE 1. Marsh west of the bridge
Page 383 and 384: 1979 Plantings Based on our prelimi
Page 385 and 386: FIGURE 6. Digging Puccinellia along
Page 387 and 388: FIGURE 10. A 6.5-cm diameter soil a
Page 389 and 390: In September, we made 9 additional
Page 391 and 392: FIGURE 16. Creek bank without veget
Page 393 and 394: FIGURE 19. Eroding creek bank at He
Page 395 and 396: '^^Wr ./".#" -•: rst^ s8H.*r FIGU
Page 397 and 398: FIGURE 26. Experimental planting es
Page 399 and 400: Elevation All elevations are given
Page 401: FIGURE 27. Map of study area on nor
Page 404 and 405: Keri&vos FIGURE 30. Map of study ar
Page 406 and 407: ^~~ -
Page 408 and 409: TABLE 4. Survival of two types of t
Page 410 and 411: area (12 m 2 ) , and was an excepti
Page 412 and 413: TABLE 8. Aboveground dry weight of
Page 414 and 415: ,^-^ FIGURE 37. Several 2-year old
Page 416 and 417: FIGURE 38. Experimental planting at
Page 418 and 419: fr J1MI FIGURE 40. Experimental pla
Page 420 and 421: Puccinellia were planted at one of
Page 422 and 423: FIGURE 44. Preliminary planting of
Page 424 and 425: Transplant Time Requirement It is d
Page 426 and 427: is about 540 cm^ or over 20 times t
Page 430 and 431: FIGURE 56. Experimental planting of
Page 432 and 433: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Cooperation with o
Page 434 and 435: LITERATURE CITED Baker, J. M. , 197
Page 437 and 438: ETUDES MICROBIOLOGIQUES ET MICROPHY
Page 439 and 440: HMMME NTHWL SWIRLING SITES Referenc
Page 441 and 442: dans les chenaux (carottes de 30 a
Page 443 and 444: degres d'une part, et entre les sta
Page 445 and 446: Schorres peu polities, CI et Bl CI
Page 447 and 448: L'activite enzymatique dans cette s
Page 449 and 450: chenaux : Conclusions sur le biotop
Page 451 and 452: Les schorres Les schorres, par cont
Page 453 and 454: stations TABLEAU 2 IIYDROfARUUKES D
Page 455 and 456: Ci 1 12-14 )uiH 79 2-7 oct 79 23-25
Page 457: E •" * — lissMs .-*. K V- v..
Page 460 and 461: FIGURE 8 Evolution temporelle des c
Page 462 and 463: 150- 100 50- 150- 100- 50 446 *o
Page 464 and 465: REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES Atlas,
Page 467 and 468: 1964-1982, COMPARAISON QUANTITATIVE
Page 469 and 470: 453
Page 471 and 472: EFFETS DE LA MAREE NOIRE SUR LES PE
Page 473 and 474: ESPECES En 1980, on a pu cartograph
Page 475 and 476: 3- EVOLUTION GLOBALE II semble s'am
Page 478 and 479:
COUREE DE L EVOLUTION DES BIOMASSES
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464
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CO 00 466
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468
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470
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472
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I s
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476
Page 495:
Q) 1
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