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Cijena PV sistema (za osnovne potrebe) za kontinentalnu lokaciju Bušević: Cijena na potpuno komercijalnoj osnovi, i svi troškovi uključeni: Ukupno 4128 €/sistem (500 Wp snaga) Cijena otplate svih troškova na sasvim komercijalnoj osnovi: 538 €/year. Cijena energije: 1.13 €/kWh. Postoje, međutim brojne mogućnosti za pomoć i poticaje, ovisno o lokaciji: Zakon o područjima posebne državne skrbi , Narodne novine No. 26/03 , Hrvatska Banka za Obnovu i Razvitak (HBOR) Fond za zaštitu okoliša i energetsku učinkovitost (ZOFU) Fond za regionalni razvoj ........ Isti osnovni 500 Wp PV system, kad se uračunaju poticaji postaje znatno jeftiniji: Ukupna investicija: 826 € Ukupna godišnja otplata (uključuje otplatu kredita, održavanje i zamjenu akumulatora svakih 6 godina) 169 €/godina (mjesečni obrok: 14€) Cijena solarne struje: 0.35 €/kWh
Cijena PV sistema ovisi, dakle, o puno faktora: Lokacija (koliko sunca) Lokacija (koji poticaji i stimulacije se mogu dobiti) Koliko struje treba (izborom štednih potrošača potreba se jako smanjuje) Vrsta sistema (način korištenja) Posebno su atraktivni mali sistemi koji se koriste samo vikendom, jer se tada najskuplji dio uređaja – solarni moduli – znatno smanjiti u odnosu na akumulator. Tako će mali sistem, od kojeg očekujemo samo nekoliko (ŠTEDNIH!) žarulja i poneki mali potrošač struje (pumpa za vodu, punjač mobitela ili punjač kompjutera) moći nabavit za ispod 400 €. Mali sistem koji uključuje još i pogon frižidera koštat će oko 1000 €. Jednostavni PV sistemi su idealni i za samogradnju.
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Project logo: Priority logo: Projec
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Paper Session 6 thBALKAN POWER CONF
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6 thBALKAN POWER CONFERENCE Panel S
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- WAYS TO MINIMIZE THE GREENHOUSE G
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BPC 2006 INTRODUCTION • The inter
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CARBON EMISSIONS TRADING - A NEW WE
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CARBON EMISSIONS TRADING - A NEW WE
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PROMOTION OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES
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NUCLEAR POWER - NOT ONLY AN OPTION,
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ROMANIAN APPROACH BPC 2006 • In 2
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ROMANIAN APPROACH BPC 2006 The tren
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ROMANIAN APPROACH BPC 2006 • The
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ROMANIAN APPROACH BPC 2006 • Anot
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CONCLUSIONS BPC 2006 • We conside
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ioan.manicuta@opcom.ro
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kategorizicija na hidrogeotermalnit
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konduktivni hidrogeotermalni sistem
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Glavni geotermalni poliwa vo Makedo
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metodi za odreduvawe na geotermalni
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U~estvo na poedine~ni energenti vo
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PREPORAKI so relativno mali vlo`uv
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6th Balkan Power Conference Romania
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Electricity are traded separately f
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Support system for E-RES E RES Fixe
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Central Central Command Command and
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CGCMO determines: determines determ
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10.000 10.000 9.000 9.000 8.000 8.0
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Centralized Green Certificates Mark
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90 90 80 80 70 70 60 60 50 50 40 40
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Thank you for your attention Ghergh
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ABSTRACT Biomass is one of the very
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INTRODUCTION -Biogas is a mixture o
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BENEFITS RESULTING FROM THE USE OF
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ELECTRICAL ENERGY AND BIOGAS When b
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BIOGAS AS RENEWABLE SOURCE IN ISOLA
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Renewable Energy in Western Region
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Renewable Energy in China • China
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Western Region of China • The pot
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WRC : Area and Population • The t
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Geographical Conditions of WRC •
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Renewable Potentials: Hydro Power
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Wind Energy • China has rich wind
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Geothermal Power Generation in Tibe
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Barriers to RES Development in Chin
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Financing Problems • Due to low e
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Financing of RES Projects in Tibet
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Wind and Biomass Projects • Compa
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The geothermal energy • Market po
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Introduction • Croatia, now for a
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Solar and wind power a) b) c) d) Un
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Biomass, hydro and geothermal energ
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Conclusion The DEG based on RES in
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ADEG database Thank you for you att
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Presentation outline 1. Guarantees
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Life Cycle of a TGC 1. 2. 3. ISSUE
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RELATION BETEEN RECS AND GoO • Go
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Use of TGCs and GoOs • Green elec
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Introduction of RECS in SEE Option
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Contact information Energy Agency o
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Fig 1. Principal met station locati
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Map around Banatski Karlovac met st
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Wind mast data 40 m Weibull fit Com
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Table II Predicted Deliblatska Peš
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Table IV Predicted wind at Deliblat
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a) measured by mast sensor b) Predi
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It was found that rounded-off hourl
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c The possibility of wind climate p
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Wind rose and Weibull velocity dist
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Page 182 and 183: The electric load of Rošijana hous
Page 184: Water pump 1 2000 2000 00-24 0.5 10
Page 187 and 188: P [kW] 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0
Page 189: E [kWh/day] E [kWh/month] January 2
Page 193 and 194: - In accordance to power demands sh
Page 195 and 196: Grid type - Isolated-grid Peak load
Page 197: House and power source (wind genera
Page 201: Contribution to development of urba
Page 204 and 205: Potential for PV application in the
Page 210 and 211: Additional/alternative inland locat
Page 218: Potential for PV application in the
Page 222 and 223: Lokacija: selo Bušević Available
Page 224 and 225: Lokacija: selo Bušević Energy (kW
Page 229 and 230: FP6 Project RISE (Renewables for Is
Page 234 and 235: Estimation of Costs for Implementat
Page 236 and 237: Introduction • Preliminary estima
Page 238 and 239: Photovoltaic Project Analysis Model
Page 240 and 241: Load identification Load (kW) 3,5 3
Page 242 and 243: Description of the PV system • Mo
Page 244 and 245: Cost analysis and financial summary
Page 246 and 247: Cost analysis and financial summary
Page 248 and 249: 6 Economic and Environmental evalua
Page 250 and 251: I. Introduction • Average solar r
Page 252 and 253: II Study case (performed under the
Page 254 and 255: Hourly Distribution of Global Solar
Page 256 and 257: Storage and BOS Characteristics Sto
Page 258 and 259: D. Economical Evaluation Annual Ene
Page 260 and 261: E. Environmental Evaluation GHG Red
Page 262 and 263: • On the other hand, such system
Page 264: FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF WIND-PLANT
Page 267 and 268: TYPICAL COSTS STRUCTURE FOR SMALL W
Page 269 and 270: WIND-PLANT ECONOMY available wind
Page 271 and 272: Location and orografy given by a sa
Page 273 and 274: Wind potential and wind rose estima
Page 275 and 276: Following input data are specified
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SUMMARY • Target location has a g
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Introduction Over the last ten year
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Introduction In Macedonia there is
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Wind Maps The Atlas is consisting o
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Site selection General site data 25
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Site 7 - Kozuf Mountain has greates
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Site 16 - Sasavarlija, Stip the sit
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Measurement Campaign The objective
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Data processing All sensors are sam
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RES: Investments Opportunities & Re
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PANEL SESSION: RES: Investments and
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Electricity from Solar - Croatia: P
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Renewables now make 20-25% of globa
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CROATIA - Current situation in Powe
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% 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1988. 1
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This gloomy situation with RES in C
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Comparison of politics in Europe re
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In process of acceptance: Grid Code
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In the procedure for acceptance: Se
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Example of Austria regarding % of i
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Croatian Policy Goals Minimum share
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Arguments for Optimism for Croatia:
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Contents Introduction Effects of
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Effects on power system Wind power
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Power quality The location and int
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Power system dynamics If conventio
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Wind forecasting Wind forecasting
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Future research 1. Varying amounts
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International RES Seminar "Promotin
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1. Introduction • RES technologie
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Economic and environmental evaluati
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Reference option: Lignite fueled po
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2.2. Wind power plant General input
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Costs in Reduction Reference Increa
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RES technology Geotherm. heat. Econ
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4. Limiting barriers to RES impleme
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4.3 Required infrastructure • Lac
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Nevertheless, contributing to susta
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Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. Table
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Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. HEP G
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Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. HEP G
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Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. Legis
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Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. Trend
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Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. Key I
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Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. Renew
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Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. Distr
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Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. Zagre
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Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. Zagre
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Gorazd Škerbinek REGULATORY FRAMEW
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RES-E in the Balkans • High poten
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JI/CDM opportunities in the West Ba
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Introduction How can Annex-1 countr
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JI and CDM: principle Investor Coun
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Basic requirements for JI/CDM Emis
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Status of the Kyoto Protocol ratifi
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Sucessful examples of JI/CDM in sel
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JI/CDM Opportunities in West Balkan
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© Dr I. N. Tzortzis Renewable Ener
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2. The aims To introduce the ideas
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4. The main provisions II The prel
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Technology Licenses for use (MW) 6.
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Emission Trading Elektrizitätsgese
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ownership. 13% public; 87% Axpo Gro
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EGL’s approach to the topic CO2
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€/tonn price development for EUA
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correlation CO2 - oil €/tonn 31 2
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correlation CO2 - electricity Germa
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ehaviour of the market participants
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questions for CO2 related companies
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EUAA one uniform trading good in Eu
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Renewable Energy in Western China -
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energy resource, which is distribut
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Exploring the potential of biogas f
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interes include electricity market
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pyrolisis method of 0.1 M water sol
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where d is the film's thickness det
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Abstract -- This paper presents con
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development (renewable energy certi
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This market is administrated by OPC
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starting from 2004, geothermal, wav
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producers, starting with august 200
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Operator. Her special fields of int
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On the territory of the RM the most
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Croatia´s RES potential for Decent
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II) take into account all levels cu
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exploited. Fig. 6. Maximum load cap
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Electricity from renewable sources
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mostly in those Member States that
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VI. REFERENCES: [1] Directive 2001/
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cost of RES is usually much higher
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A. Financing Channels for RES Proje
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Techno-economic characteristics of
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decreases in high wind speed. This
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c€/kWh at windy coastal locations
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Potential for PV application in the
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elongs to the not very prosperous D
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communities from the First category
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Feasibility Analysis of Wind-plant
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nonexistence of mechanisms for incl
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Table I shows wind energy potential
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Abstract--Based on the existing met
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grid, but it is not possible to mak
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E [kWh] 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15
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mounted: the one 40 m height mast c
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Fig. 9 Observed wind climate at the
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Economic and Environmental evaluati
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favorability of the site for solar
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[5] METEONORM, Version 4, Edition 2
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Natural Resources Canada's CANMET E
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combined with other electronic devi
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taking in consideration any support
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momentum and energy, as well as the
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After the site screening was comple
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