Prva stran - WBC-INCO Net

difference in per capita GDP between WRC and East Region
in China is increasing ever since China implemented the
reform and Open Door Policy.
Fig. 1 Map of WRC
III. RES IN WESTERN REGION OF CHINA (WRC)
A. Hydropower
WRC (WRC) has abundant renewable energy resources,
especially solar, wind and geothermal energy. Hydropower
is the most promising RES of WRC. The theoretical
hydropower potential in mainland China is 676 GW, of
which some 85.5 % are in WRC. The economically viable
hydropower resources in China amount to 378.5 GW, 81.5
% of which is in WRC. South-West of China are the most
concentrated area for small scale hydropower resources,
amounting to 67.8 % resources of China. The theoretical
reserves of small-scale hydropower resources (below 50
MW) in China are some 163.47 GW, with 72 % of them in
WRC, Tab. 1. The total economically exploitable resources
in China amount to 71.31 GW, with 61% of them in WRC
[5].The distribution of all hydropower resources in China are
increasing from North to South and from East to West.
TAB. 1
SMALL SCALE HYDROPOWER RESOURCES OF CHINA IN THE YEAR 2000
Theoret.
Reserves
(GW)
Exploit.
Amount
(GW)
Installed
Capacity
(GW)
Electricity
Generat.
(TWh)
China Total 163.47 87.006 24.852 79.982
WG Total 118.602 53.033 10.337 38.232
Inner
Mongolia
2.622 0.676 0.0484 0.08
Guangxi 6.51 2.717 1.359 4.273
Chongqing 2.00 0.801 3.233
Sichuang 12.06 6.842 3.282 13.149
Guizou 6.102 3.201 0.908 3.324
Yunnan 23.23 10.507 2.190 9.211
Tibet 40.00 16.219 0.159 0.183
Shanxi 6.448 2.167 0.428 0.952
Gansu 5.787 1.381 0.333 1.179
Qinghai 6.796 2.618 0.214 0.713
Ningxia 0.044 0.023 0.0032 0.008
Xinjiang 9.003 4.68 0.608 1.927
B. Solar Energy
China is located in a favorable region to use solar energy,
as the annual solar irradiance amount is between 3.3 - 8.4
GJ/m 2 . The annual sunlight time is greater than 2000 hours,
Tab. 2. More than 2/3 of Chinese area can receive solar
irradiance amount more than 5.8 GJ/m 2 per year. Most of
this area is centered in WRC, [6].
TAB. 2
SOLAR ENERGY AND DISTRIBUTION IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF CHINA
Regions Annual
Sunlight
(hours)
Annual
irradiance
amount
(therm /cm 2 )
West Tibet, South East of Xinjiang,
West Qinghai, West Gansu
2800-3300 160-200
South-East Tibet, South of Xinjiang,
East Qinghai, South of Ningxia,
Middle part of Gansu, Inner Mongolia,
North of Shanxi, North-WRC of Hebei
3000-3200 140-160
North of Xinjiang, South-East of Gansu,
South Shanxi, North Shanxi, South-East
of Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Jilin,
Liaoning, Yunnan, South of Guangdong,
South of Fujian, North of Jiangsu, North
of Anhui
2200-3000 120-140
Hunan, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Zhejiang,
Hubei, North of Fuujian, North of
Guangdong, South of Shanxi, South of
Jiangsu, South of Anhui, Heilongjiang
1400-2200 100-120
Sichuan, Guizhou 1000-1400 80-100
In WRC, the most promising solar area are: Tibet,
Qinghai, Xingjian, Gansu and Inner Mongolia. These
regions are also one of the most abundant solar regions of
world, since the annual sunlight duration is greater than
3000 hours in this area. The annual irradiation amount is
greater than 6.7 GJ/m 2 , and the highest sunlight duration is
3300 hours. The highest annual total irradiation is 8.4
GJ/m 2 . Only Sichuan and Guizhou are located in a low solar
energy resource region, where the annual sunlight duration is
below 1400 hours. The total annual irradiation amounts to
less than 4.2GJ/m 2 .
C. Wind Energy
China has rich wind resources. While the theoretical wind
potential at 10 m above the surface is estimated at 3,226
GW, according to Chinese Academy of Meteorological
Science the technically exploitable amount is 253 GW. At
the same time, the economically exploitable amount is
smaller, however up to now there is no authoritative data
about this. Wind resources in WRC are mainly distributed in
the North of Yingshan Mountain range in Inner Mongolia,
Dabancheng of Xinjian, Alashan Mountain pass of Xinjian,
Hexi Aisle and in other locations. There are two big wind
regions in China, one is Xijian, Gansu, and Inner Mongolia.
The wind density in this region is between 200-300 W/m 2 ,
with the effective wind around 70 %. The other region is
along the South-East Sea, Shang Dong and East Liao Ning
Sea. Tab. 3 shows the wind potential in WRC.
TAB. 3
WIND ENERGY RESOURCE IN WRC
Province Wind Resource (GW)
Inner Mongolia 61.78
Xinjiang 34.33
WitGansu 11.43
D. Biomass Energy
Biomass energy is deemed CO2 neutral, so it does not
increase the GHG emissions. China has abounded biomass
2