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Feasibility Analysis of Wind-plant in the Region
of Deliblatska Peščara (Serbia)
Abstract--The paper deals with the feasibility analysis of a
wind-plant of installed power 3×2MW at the site Čibuk at the
periphery of Deliblatska Peščara. Based on long term
meteorological measurements, conventional measurements,
analysis of roughness and orography of the terrain, using the
software package WAsP, the wind potential at target location
has been determined. For the selected type of wind-generator
and actual wind conditions, annual electric energy production
of perspective wind-plant has been estimated. For the
calculated annual production, considering typical costs of
wind-plant construction, costs of electric energy production
have been evaluated. Sensitivity analysis of electric energy
price versus rate of interest has been performed, as well as the
analysis of annual production of the wind-plant depending on
the height of the mast (where the wind-turbine is mounted).
Index Terms--wind – plant, wind energy potential, windplant
economy
I. INTRODUCTION
VAILABLE wind energy potential in Serbia varies
A
greatly from one region to another, showing substantial
differences even at small distances. The other
characteristic of available wind potential space distribution
in Serbia, which can be considered unusual, is that wind
energy is more available in lower areas than in higher ones.
This paradox can be explained with a fact that winds are
usually catabatic and have higher speed in descent moving.
Wind potential estimation given in wind atlas is not detailed
enough to cover some local characteristics. These maps
show rather high variability regarding power at short
distances, especially in hilly and mountain areas.
Northeastern part of Serbia is characterized by a strong
southeastern wind. This wind with descending component is
stronger than ascending wind that arises simultaneously.
The area affected by this local wind (košava) is surrounded
by mountains from the south and east, and open towards
north and west. Košava most often occurs during the colder
period of the year. Warmer period of the year is dominated
by western winds.
Meteorological network in Serbia provides continuous
wind registering. Wind speed measurements are conducted
at standard height of 10m. Anemometers are generally of
older types with tape recording (anemographs), thereby
This work was supported by European Commission, Directorate
General on Research and Technology Development and International Cooperation
Activities (INCO) under contract no FP6-509161 (RISE Project –
www.rise05.net).
Željko Đurišić, Nikola Rajaković and Dušan Mikičić are with Faculty
of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro
(e-mail: djurisic@etf.bg.ac.yu).
Momčilo Bubnjević is with ACIES Engineering, Serbia and
Montenegro (e-mail: bubanjm@EUnet.yu).
Ž. Đurišić, N. Rajaković, D. Mikičić, M. Bubnjević
making hourly average wind speed data mostly unavailable.
In last two years, modern digital equipment with remote
measurement reading of wind parameters has been installed
at several measurement stations in Serbia.
This analysis distinguishes Vojvodina as a region of
special interest. Custom wind measurements in this region
are of particular importance because lowland terrain
provides very reliable space extrapolation of measurements
in a wide radius around the measurement mast (20 to 30km).
Lowland terrain and relatively built-up electric energy
network in Vojvodina are a precondition for low costs of
connecting perspective wind-plants to electric energy
system (EES). River Danube and road infrastructure allow
cheap transport of wind-generators from countries of
European Union and low building costs, which have
significant impact on the economy of wind-generators [1].
Unlike mountain regions, Vojvodina has relatively low
keraunic level [2], which is also a relevant factor in
selecting location for a wind-plant, as atmospheric discharge
is the frequent cause of wind-generator faults. These are the
essential reasons for favoring Vojvodina as a perspective
region for wind-plant construction.
Based on longtime wind measurements in hydro
meteorological stations in Vojvodina, a conclusion can be
made that there is a dominant southeastern direction of wind
speed in target region. Particularly interesting is the region
of south Banat where the wind of dominant direction also
has dominant speed, which represents the basic quality for
building wind-generators. This kind of wind rose is
beneficial for building individual wind-generators as well as
wind-plants with grouped wind-generator units, as the
negative effect of leeward (wake effect) can be reduced
using the space layout. Additionally, custom wind
measurements have been performed in this region, also
showing significant wind energy potential. Based on custom
wind speed measurements, this paper analyses economic
payoff of wind-plant construction at site Čibuk, at the
periphery of Deliblatska Peščara.
II. COST STURCTURE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF
WIND-PLANT
Wind-generators are nowadays being constructed in a
wide range of power levels. Smaller wind-generator units
(up to 200 kW) are mostly used for feeding isolated systems
or for water pumping. Bigger wind-generator units are
intended for network operation and are subject to this
analysis.
Wind-generator construction costs can be divided into:
1) Investment costs (capital costs) – costs of
purchase, transport, wind-generator construction
and its connection to the network;
1