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Power imbalances Power imbalances could be caused when the produced wind power is lower or higher than the needed wind power to serve the system load. Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) used to charge all generators, including wind developers, $100/MWh when they failed to deliver scheduled power and caused power imbalances. In 2002, BPA stopped this power imbalance penalty for wind developers. Eltra, the utility serving western Denmark that has the largest wind penetration in the world as compared to the size of its power system, conducted power imbalance studies and the conclusion is that Eltra has to look new ways to handle excess generation when wind generation exceeds the load requirements of western Denmark. Sixth Framework Programme, Sixth Framework Programme, DG Research, International Cooperation Contract: <strong>INCO</strong>-CT-2004-509205
Power system dynamics If conventional power generation with synchronous generators is on a large scale replaced with wind turbines that use either asynchronous squirrel cage induction generators or variablespeed generation systems with power electronics, the dynamics of the power system will at some point be affected, and perhaps its stability, too. By taking adequate measures, the stability of the power system can be maintained while increasing the wind power penetration. For example, constant-speed wind turbines can be equipped with pitch controllers in order to reduce the amount of over-speeding that occurs during a fault; by combining them with a source of reactive power (e.g. static condenser or static VAR compensator) to supply the large amount of reactive power consumed by a squirrel cage generator after a fault; or by changing the mechanical and/or the electrical parameters of the turbine. Sixth Framework Programme, Sixth Framework Programme, DG Research, International Cooperation Contract: <strong>INCO</strong>-CT-2004-509205
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Project logo: Priority logo: Projec
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Paper Session 6 thBALKAN POWER CONF
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6 thBALKAN POWER CONFERENCE Panel S
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- WAYS TO MINIMIZE THE GREENHOUSE G
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BPC 2006 INTRODUCTION • The inter
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CARBON EMISSIONS TRADING - A NEW WE
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CARBON EMISSIONS TRADING - A NEW WE
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PROMOTION OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES
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NUCLEAR POWER - NOT ONLY AN OPTION,
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ROMANIAN APPROACH BPC 2006 • In 2
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ROMANIAN APPROACH BPC 2006 The tren
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ROMANIAN APPROACH BPC 2006 • The
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ROMANIAN APPROACH BPC 2006 • Anot
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CONCLUSIONS BPC 2006 • We conside
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ioan.manicuta@opcom.ro
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kategorizicija na hidrogeotermalnit
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konduktivni hidrogeotermalni sistem
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Glavni geotermalni poliwa vo Makedo
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metodi za odreduvawe na geotermalni
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U~estvo na poedine~ni energenti vo
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PREPORAKI so relativno mali vlo`uv
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6th Balkan Power Conference Romania
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Electricity are traded separately f
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Support system for E-RES E RES Fixe
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Central Central Command Command and
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CGCMO determines: determines determ
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10.000 10.000 9.000 9.000 8.000 8.0
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Centralized Green Certificates Mark
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Thank you for your attention Ghergh
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ABSTRACT Biomass is one of the very
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INTRODUCTION -Biogas is a mixture o
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BENEFITS RESULTING FROM THE USE OF
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ELECTRICAL ENERGY AND BIOGAS When b
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BIOGAS AS RENEWABLE SOURCE IN ISOLA
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Renewable Energy in Western Region
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Renewable Energy in China • China
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Western Region of China • The pot
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WRC : Area and Population • The t
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Geographical Conditions of WRC •
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Renewable Potentials: Hydro Power
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Wind Energy • China has rich wind
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Geothermal Power Generation in Tibe
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Barriers to RES Development in Chin
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Financing Problems • Due to low e
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Financing of RES Projects in Tibet
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Wind and Biomass Projects • Compa
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The geothermal energy • Market po
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Introduction • Croatia, now for a
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Solar and wind power a) b) c) d) Un
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Biomass, hydro and geothermal energ
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Conclusion The DEG based on RES in
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ADEG database Thank you for you att
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Presentation outline 1. Guarantees
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Life Cycle of a TGC 1. 2. 3. ISSUE
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RELATION BETEEN RECS AND GoO • Go
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Use of TGCs and GoOs • Green elec
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Introduction of RECS in SEE Option
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Contact information Energy Agency o
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Fig 1. Principal met station locati
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Map around Banatski Karlovac met st
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Wind mast data 40 m Weibull fit Com
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Table II Predicted Deliblatska Peš
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Table IV Predicted wind at Deliblat
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a) measured by mast sensor b) Predi
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It was found that rounded-off hourl
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c The possibility of wind climate p
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Wind rose and Weibull velocity dist
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Future eco house will consists of t
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The electric load of Rošijana hous
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Water pump 1 2000 2000 00-24 0.5 10
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P [kW] 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0
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E [kWh/day] E [kWh/month] January 2
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- In accordance to power demands sh
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Grid type - Isolated-grid Peak load
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House and power source (wind genera
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Contribution to development of urba
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Potential for PV application in the
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Additional/alternative inland locat
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Lokacija: selo Bušević Available
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Lokacija: selo Bušević Energy (kW
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Cijena PV sistema (za osnovne potre
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FP6 Project RISE (Renewables for Is
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Estimation of Costs for Implementat
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Introduction • Preliminary estima
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Photovoltaic Project Analysis Model
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Load identification Load (kW) 3,5 3
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Description of the PV system • Mo
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Cost analysis and financial summary
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Cost analysis and financial summary
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6 Economic and Environmental evalua
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I. Introduction • Average solar r
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II Study case (performed under the
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Hourly Distribution of Global Solar
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Storage and BOS Characteristics Sto
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D. Economical Evaluation Annual Ene
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E. Environmental Evaluation GHG Red
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• On the other hand, such system
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FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF WIND-PLANT
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TYPICAL COSTS STRUCTURE FOR SMALL W
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WIND-PLANT ECONOMY available wind
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Location and orografy given by a sa
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Wind potential and wind rose estima
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Following input data are specified
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SUMMARY • Target location has a g
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Introduction Over the last ten year
Page 281 and 282: Introduction In Macedonia there is
Page 283 and 284: Wind Maps The Atlas is consisting o
Page 285 and 286: Site selection General site data 25
Page 287: Site 7 - Kozuf Mountain has greates
Page 292: Site 16 - Sasavarlija, Stip the sit
Page 296 and 297: Measurement Campaign The objective
Page 298 and 299: Data processing All sensors are sam
Page 300 and 301: RES: Investments Opportunities & Re
Page 302 and 303: PANEL SESSION: RES: Investments and
Page 304 and 305: Electricity from Solar - Croatia: P
Page 306 and 307: Renewables now make 20-25% of globa
Page 308 and 309: CROATIA - Current situation in Powe
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Page 312 and 313: This gloomy situation with RES in C
Page 314 and 315: Comparison of politics in Europe re
Page 316 and 317: In process of acceptance: Grid Code
Page 318 and 319: In the procedure for acceptance: Se
Page 320 and 321: Example of Austria regarding % of i
Page 322 and 323: Croatian Policy Goals Minimum share
Page 324: Arguments for Optimism for Croatia:
Page 327 and 328: Contents Introduction Effects of
Page 329 and 330: Effects on power system Wind power
Page 331: Power quality The location and int
Page 335 and 336: Wind forecasting Wind forecasting
Page 337 and 338: Future research 1. Varying amounts
Page 339 and 340: International RES Seminar "Promotin
Page 341 and 342: 1. Introduction • RES technologie
Page 343 and 344: Economic and environmental evaluati
Page 345 and 346: Reference option: Lignite fueled po
Page 347 and 348: 2.2. Wind power plant General input
Page 349 and 350: Costs in Reduction Reference Increa
Page 351 and 352: RES technology Geotherm. heat. Econ
Page 353 and 354: 4. Limiting barriers to RES impleme
Page 355 and 356: 4.3 Required infrastructure • Lac
Page 357 and 358: Nevertheless, contributing to susta
Page 359 and 360: Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. Table
Page 361 and 362: Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. HEP G
Page 363 and 364: Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. HEP G
Page 365 and 366: Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. Legis
Page 367 and 368: Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. Trend
Page 369 and 370: Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. Key I
Page 371 and 372: Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. Renew
Page 373 and 374: Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. Distr
Page 375 and 376: Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. Zagre
Page 377 and 378: Hrvatska Elektroprivreda d.d. Zagre
Page 379 and 380: Gorazd Škerbinek REGULATORY FRAMEW
Page 381 and 382: RES-E in the Balkans • High poten
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JI/CDM opportunities in the West Ba
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Introduction How can Annex-1 countr
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JI and CDM: principle Investor Coun
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Basic requirements for JI/CDM Emis
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Status of the Kyoto Protocol ratifi
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Sucessful examples of JI/CDM in sel
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JI/CDM Opportunities in West Balkan
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© Dr I. N. Tzortzis Renewable Ener
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2. The aims To introduce the ideas
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4. The main provisions II The prel
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Technology Licenses for use (MW) 6.
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Emission Trading Elektrizitätsgese
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ownership. 13% public; 87% Axpo Gro
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EGL’s approach to the topic CO2
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€/tonn price development for EUA
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correlation CO2 - oil €/tonn 31 2
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correlation CO2 - electricity Germa
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ehaviour of the market participants
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questions for CO2 related companies
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EUAA one uniform trading good in Eu
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Renewable Energy in Western China -
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energy resource, which is distribut
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Exploring the potential of biogas f
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interes include electricity market
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pyrolisis method of 0.1 M water sol
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where d is the film's thickness det
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Abstract -- This paper presents con
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development (renewable energy certi
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This market is administrated by OPC
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starting from 2004, geothermal, wav
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producers, starting with august 200
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Operator. Her special fields of int
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On the territory of the RM the most
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Croatia´s RES potential for Decent
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II) take into account all levels cu
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exploited. Fig. 6. Maximum load cap
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Electricity from renewable sources
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mostly in those Member States that
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VI. REFERENCES: [1] Directive 2001/
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cost of RES is usually much higher
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A. Financing Channels for RES Proje
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Techno-economic characteristics of
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decreases in high wind speed. This
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c€/kWh at windy coastal locations
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elongs to the not very prosperous D
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communities from the First category
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Feasibility Analysis of Wind-plant
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nonexistence of mechanisms for incl
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Table I shows wind energy potential
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Abstract--Based on the existing met
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grid, but it is not possible to mak
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E [kWh] 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15
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mounted: the one 40 m height mast c
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Fig. 9 Observed wind climate at the
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Economic and Environmental evaluati
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favorability of the site for solar
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[5] METEONORM, Version 4, Edition 2
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Natural Resources Canada's CANMET E
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combined with other electronic devi
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taking in consideration any support
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momentum and energy, as well as the
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After the site screening was comple
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