Housing Counseling Process Evaluation and Design of ... - HUD User

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Chapter 3. Characteristics of Counseling Agencies 39 Exhibit 3-15. FY 2007 Client Volumes by Agency Specialization Pre-purchase Post-purchase delinquency Client Volumes by Counseling Type: Non-delinquent post-purchase Rental Homeless Overall Agency Specialization: # clients % clients # clients % clients # clients % clients # clients % clients # clients % clients # clients % clients Pre-purchase 311,582 47% 11,615 4% 12,038 5% 2,982 1% 188 0% 338,405 20% Post-purchase 7,869 1% 102,517 36% 83,334 32% 6,217 2% 231 0% 200,168 12% Pre- and post-purchase 236,617 36% 84,955 30% 93,601 36% 18,067 4% 2,004 4% 435,244 26% Rental or homeless 12,138 2% 4,218 2% 4,183 2% 214,324 52% 21,913 45% 256,776 15% No specialization 93,832 14% 77,795 28% 67,002 26% 170,255 41% 24,257 50% 433,141 26% All agencies 662,038 100% 281,100 100% 260,158 100% 411,845 100% 48,593 100% 1,663,734 100% Source: Abt Associates tabulations of HUD 9902 data. Notes: Agencies are categorized as specializing in one of four types of counseling (pre-purchase, post-purchase, pre- and post-purchase, rental or homeless) when at least 80 percent of their clients receive that type of counseling. Agencies that do not have at least 80 percent of their clients receiving one of the four types of counseling are categorized as “no specialization.”
Summary This chapter discussed the characteristics of HUD-approved counseling agencies, highlighting the diversity among them. The counseling agency survey asked agencies to identify their primary organizational mission. Based on these responses, we grouped agencies into five primary mission types: housing counseling (27 percent of agencies), housing/neighborhood development (36 percent of agencies), social service (28 percent of agencies), consumer credit counseling (6 percent of agencies) and legal assistance (4 percent of agencies). We also used the information on clients served reported by agencies to HUD (HUD 9902 data) to create a typology of agencies by counseling specialization. About two-thirds of agencies specialize in some type of homeownership counseling (meaning that either pre-purchase alone or pre- and postpurchase clients account for 80 percent of more of the agency’s total clients), while just under 10 percent serve primarily rental or homeless clients, and about one-quarter do not specialize in any one counseling type (i.e., they serve a mix of pre-purchase, post-purchase, and rental/homeless counseling clients). We found that the extent to which agencies specialize in one or another type of housing counseling is related in part to their organizational mission, in the sense that agencies with a primary mission of housing counseling are most likely to specialize in pre-purchase counseling, while agencies with a social service or legal assistance mission are most likely either to specialize in serving rental or homeless clients or not to specialize. In addition to housing counseling, HUD-approved agencies typically offer a wide range of services. Three services are offered by a majority of agencies overall: financial literacy education or counseling; referrals to other social service programs; and credit counseling. Agencies whose primary mission is housing counseling or housing/neighborhood development also tend to offer homeownership-related services, such as down payment and closing cost assistance for homeownership. Counseling agencies vary substantially in terms of age. Social service, consumer credit, and legal assistance agencies, tend to be older, with a majority founded before 1980, while a large share of agencies whose primary mission is housing counseling were founded in the 1990s or more recently. The growth in agencies specializing in counseling over the past two decades reflects in part the national policy focus on increasing low-income and minority homeownership, for which housing counseling is seen as an important tool. Most housing counseling agencies are relatively small organizations—most have 15 or fewer employees and serve fewer than 500 clients per year. However, while large agencies (those serving 1,000 or more clients per year) account for only 24 percent of agencies, they serve a large majority of all counseling clients (77 percent). Agencies whose primary mission is housing counseling are typically the smallest in terms of total employees: nearly half of those surveyed had five or fewer fulltime equivalent employees. However, given their specialization in housing counseling, these agencies had the second highest average client volumes per year, trailing only consumer credit counseling agencies in average volume. 40 Chapter 3. Characteristics of Counseling Agencies
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2 0 0 8 R e p o r t The State of th
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The State of the Housing Counseling
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Table of Contents Executive Summary
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List of Exhibits Exhibit 1-1. Exhib
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Exhibit 5-9. Exhibit 5-10. Exhibit
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Exhibit 8-10. Exhibit 8-11. Exhibit
Page 15 and 16: channeled through NeighborWorks ®
Page 17 and 18: How is housing counseling funded an
Page 19 and 20: counseling services from HUD-approv
Page 21 and 22: Current Challenges Facing the Indus
Page 23 and 24: standards are sufficient. Support f
Page 25 and 26: Ideally, intermediaries, SHFAs, and
Page 28 and 29: Chapter One. Introduction In 2007 3
Page 30 and 31: Exhibit 1-1. Topic Study Topics and
Page 32: Grant Applications Data The final s
Page 35 and 36: helping clients evaluate whether to
Page 37 and 38: Section 221 and 235 programs, that
Page 39 and 40: clients nearly doubled each year. A
Page 41 and 42: associated with increases in overal
Page 43 and 44: This last point highlights the fact
Page 45 and 46: Exhibit 2-6. Intermediaries and SHF
Page 47 and 48: Exhibit 2-8 maps the location of ea
Page 49 and 50: Key Challenges for the Industry The
Page 52 and 53: Chapter Three. Characteristics of C
Page 54 and 55: credit counseling responded to the
Page 56 and 57: Exhibit 3-4. Counseling Specializat
Page 58 and 59: Exhibit 3-6. Services Offered by HU
Page 60 and 61: Age of Organization and Housing Cou
Page 62 and 63: Agency Size Most housing counseling
Page 64 and 65: Exhibit 3-13. Distribution of the N
Page 68 and 69: Chapter Four. Intermediaries and St
Page 70 and 71: Organization Name Organization Type
Page 72 and 73: Exhibit 4-2. SHFAs Receiving HUD Ho
Page 74 and 75: Exhibit 4-3. Percent of LHCAs Recei
Page 76 and 77: National Credit Union Foundation (N
Page 78 and 79: Several organizations commented tha
Page 80 and 81: Exhibit 4-6. National Certification
Page 82 and 83: SHFAs provide some type of curricul
Page 84 and 85: allow counseling agencies to accept
Page 86 and 87: Chapter Five. Sources of Agency Fun
Page 88 and 89: Exhibit 5-1. Share of Total Funding
Page 90 and 91: Not surprisingly, the number of sou
Page 92 and 93: The next most common types of fundi
Page 94 and 95: Exhibit 5-7. Prevalence of Primary
Page 96 and 97: HUD’s strategy of spreading its a
Page 98 and 99: amount of available funding decline
Page 100 and 101: Our estimate includes all types of
Page 102 and 103: specialized training required for t
Page 104 and 105: Chapter Six. Characteristics of Edu
Page 106 and 107: the client with lenders. The follow
Page 108 and 109: approaches are identified as using
Page 110 and 111: Exhibit 6-4. Share of Clients by Ho
Page 112 and 113: while 24 percent conduct an informa
Page 114 and 115: financial literacy curriculum, focu
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Counseling to Resolve Mortgage Deli
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Exhibit 6-11. Share of Delinquency
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Forms of Assistance for Mortgage De
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counseling, and 20 percent have no
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“Funds for administrative respons
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Characteristics of Counseling Clien
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With respect to ethnicity, 19 perce
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Exhibit 7-7. Income Distribution of
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Exhibit 7-9. Percent of Agencies wh
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who purchased homes. Some agencies
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• Clients seeking pre-purchase ho
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Exhibit 7-12. Outcomes for Clients
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Exhibit 7-13. Outcomes for Clients
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engaged in counseling at the time o
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To some extent, agencies with diffe
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ace, and 6 percent are two or more
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Chapter Eight. Characteristics of H
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Combining the counseling agency sur
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Exhibit 8-6. Race and Ethnicity of
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Exhibit 8-8. Educational Attainment
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Exhibit 8-10. Main Sources of Train
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scholarships, but primarily to its
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Exhibit 8-12. Significance of Staff
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The open-ended responses to the sur
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share of counselors with four-year
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NeighborWorks® foreclosure mitigat
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Although these changes have allowed
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Standardizing the Quality of Counse
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national counseling standards shoul
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Exhibit 9-2 shows the percent of ag
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discourage smaller agencies from pa
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communication between counselor and
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Increasing Funding for Housing Coun
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Of the 60 intermediaries and SHFAs
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Some of the ways that HUD could sup
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agencies who serve younger clients
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Exhibit A-1. List of Organizations
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Appendix B. Survey of HUD-Approved
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Survey Response Rate The survey fie
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Exhibit B-2. Response Rate by Agenc
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Survey of HUD-Approved Housing Coun
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Contact Information Please complete
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Homebuyer education workshops Post
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6. How many years has your organiza
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10. How many part-time employees ar
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Title/Position Percentage of time s
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PROGRAMMING NOTES: • PROGRAM SO T
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Section C. Organizational Relations
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Organization American Association o
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SOURCE OF FUNDING Foundations Natio
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Education or Counseling Service Pro
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30. What, if any, follow-up (by “
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PROGRAMMING NOTE: PROGRAM SO THAT Q
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38. Of your clients seeking counsel
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42. How problematic are the followi
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PROGRAMMING NOTES: • SHOW ALL SUR
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