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such beliefs are not uncommon even among the higher economic groups. as evidenced by Muruganandarn of K K Pura. Muruganandam IS a young urunamed man who has taken up sen culture five years back. He belongs to a medium land-
ecome a menace. With better protection, some are able to overcome this problem. There are some sericulturists who discard some of the beliefs by conviction on experimentation. This is the case with Velayudham one of the progressive sericulturists in K K Pura. Velayudharn has been one of those who has been believing that the women should not involve in any kind of sericulrure work during their menstrual period. However, he has to face with difficult times, for want of labour, at crucial phases of silkwonn rearing. In one of the rearing, he kept a separate lot of worms to be attended by his wife during her menstrual periods. To his surprise, there was no effect whatsoever and the yield was as promising as the other part of rearing. From then onwards he has given up this belief and has been able to convince others to a considerable extent. He, however, insists that such women can be allowed to work only after a purificatory bath. He also insists that he uses such labour only when he has no other go. His belief now is that the women need rest on those days to maintain their health rather than to keep them away as pollutants. Such beliefs are not given much weightage among many of the Palani sericulturists. Rajarnani, one of the progressive sericulturists in Palani asks, 'When I employ a woman labour, how will I know whether she is in the state of pollution or not.' menstruation. He, however, insists that a purificatory bath is taken by women in Some people believe in fate. Such beliefs are reinforced when they meet continuous failures in spite of their concerted efforts to 'maximise' the protection and provide a 'desirable environment'. It is not uncommon to see people to attribute such failures to the time ('Namma neram sariyi/lai') and give up sericulture, looking for better 209
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SERICUL TURE AND THE PROCESS OF CHA
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DECLARATION I hereby declare that t
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would also like to thank my friend
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LIST OF TABLES Table No. Title Page
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Socio-cultur
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new International economic order. I
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to the rural society, in particular
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instance, is reported to have been
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Industrialisation and greater emplo
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means of economic survival (1970:12
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to a region of small geographical a
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people's attitudes towards Communit
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dislocations. In his opmlOn, the pr
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year has made it a hot favourite of
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to social significance of sericub.I
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to the adoption of sericulture may
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As discussed earlier, any new techn
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3. To study the impact of sericultu
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framework as 'matro family'. If it
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The relation could be called a symm
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enough to accept change and respons
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upon the institutions. The study on
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and presenting the significance and
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CHAPTER II THE FIELD AND THE PEOPLE
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TAMIL NADlJ Map No_ 2_2 ~ .... , i
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Sericulture. The present study vill
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Table No. 2.1: Per cent Dis(ributio
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Table No. 2.2: Distribution of Hous
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Table No. 2.3: Per cent Distributio
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Literacy and Education: Table 2.4 p
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'convent school' in the village its
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pollution, the sefYlce of the women
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Appendix II provides some of the so
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two and three, where there is a gre
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hesitation. As far as girls are con
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CHAPTERm LAND AND ECONO~IIC DIVERSI
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Agriculture lands work out to be ne
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Cotton was the predominant crop in
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These are mainly rain-fed lands and
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Table No. 3.1: Activity Profile and
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one as it lacks any visible product
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production along with meeting any o
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Table No. 3.2: Sources of Household
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economies of the village, it is any
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considerations are developed within
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diseases. Some people prefer chawki
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with other related agencies and fel
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m the village. The fourth phase, co
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communities except the Vanniars. Wh
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the large farmers, sericulture may
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Table No. 4.4: Activity PronIe of S
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Table No. 4.5: Intensity ofSericult
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indication in the activity profile
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Table No. 4.61 Land Size, Scale and
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productivity at the different perfo
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indicates that the hired male labou
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variation is striking. However, the
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sections from taking up sericulture
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here concern the supply of material
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Other inputs like disinfectants and
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Adoption of Technology The deparnne
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sericulturists, however, accept suc
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oom with bleaching powder. Some go
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sericultwists invariably turn out t
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the eye. Some say that continuous i
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Labour is generally categorised as
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1986: ~~). Only the males are invol
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also engaged in out-put based tasks
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caste as well as class lines. In as
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Migration and Labour Scarcity: Seri
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Table No. 5.1: Labour Absorption in
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contract system have created a situ
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specific strategies in adopting the
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Karunalcaran in one of the study vi
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predominantly consist of the landle
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The present chapter has brought out
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have the potentiality of disturbing
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However, many of these studies have
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Table No. 6.1: Distribution of Seri
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variation, in favour of sericulture
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Number of Adults and Relationship S
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children, to extend some assIstance
Page 165 and 166: While Table 6.3 refers to all seric
Page 167 and 168: over women and of the old over the
Page 169 and 170: assert one's freedom in the areas o
Page 171 and 172: tend to act with restraint. This is
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Page 175 and 176: make the participation of women in
Page 177 and 178: However, the involvement of women i
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Page 181 and 182: Table No.6. 7: Labour Involvement a
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Page 185 and 186: incentives to sericulturists in the
Page 187 and 188: atmosphere. So, it would not be muc
Page 189 and 190: access to land, which in tum, depri
Page 191 and 192: CHAPTERVll SOCIO-ECONOMIC MOBILITY
Page 193 and 194: labour for agriculture operations.
Page 195 and 196: econorruc status IS manifested in t
Page 197 and 198: The person makes further attempts t
Page 199 and 200: Sunilarly, Kannappan in Seripura (C
Page 201 and 202: The case of Tba..'1g3vel of E N Par
Page 203 and 204: among the marginal and small catego
Page 205 and 206: As for the labour utilisation, seri
Page 207 and 208: SCs in the village. All the drop ou
Page 209 and 210: they still possess certain external
Page 211 and 212: Gender Relations'. It has to be rei
Page 213 and 214: The family of Mahendran in K K Pura
Page 215: probably to keep out of any social
Page 219 and 220: maturity of the laying and the meth
Page 221 and 222: However, the adoption of sericultur
Page 223 and 224: Sericulture plays a positive role i
Page 225 and 226: tend to be younger in age. This str
Page 227 and 228: of labour, etc. These sometimes ext
Page 229 and 230: escue. She has been doing sericultu
Page 231 and 232: of the village population. There ar
Page 233 and 234: Strategies and Prospects. These onl
Page 235 and 236: at the non-institutional level for
Page 237 and 238: system oflending or through an info
Page 239 and 240: other villages. Though skilled pers
Page 241 and 242: symmetric relations are distinguish
Page 243 and 244: have taken a new dimension with the
Page 245 and 246: the present study. The study has be
Page 247 and 248: In Seripura, there had been a large
Page 249 and 250: and matro-nuclear families is well
Page 251 and 252: labour has found greater recognitio
Page 253 and 254: most of them have to face similar c
Page 255 and 256: Social and Network Relations: This
Page 257 and 258: of the village, within the context
Page 259 and 260: In the analysis of socio-economic m
Page 261 and 262: dimensions of the project, concerru
Page 263 and 264: sustainability of the enterprise it
Page 265 and 266: Cernea.' Michael M. 1985. Putting P
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Govindaraju, K. V., P. Pugazhendi a
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ISST 1982. An Assesment of Women's
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Morns, J. 1981. Managing Induced Ru
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Srinivas, M. :--I. House. 1935. Ind
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upee salary at that time. Having fa
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factory started running on a loss w
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giving up sericulture though he doe
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participates in the sericulture act
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Being the eldest and the only daugh
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Meena hardly attends to other house
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activities of leaf picking, feeding
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her work-load becomes heavier, thou
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the second consecutive year. has he
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heavily on her brother for sericult
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SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE Land holding
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