State of the Practice of Computer Security Incident Response Teams ...

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Whoever does this work must not only be trained in the technology but must also understand search and seizure and privacy rights laws, along with other relevant laws. Collecting evidence that may be used in court has legal and personnel issues as well. Anyone who does this kind of work must be prepared to stand up in court as an expert witness. 3.7.9 Answering the CSIRT Hotline Not all teams manage or operate a help desk or hotline. 109 Some teams use an existing IT help desk phone system to report incidents and then pass the incidents on to the CSIRT. In response to the survey’s questions about who staffs the CSIRT hotline and what hours the hotline operates, participants answered as follows: • 66% said that the CSIRT staff manned the hotline or help desk during business hours. • 34% said that the CSIRT answered the hotline after business hours. • Others who answered after business hours were the IT staff (10%) and a message center (14%). • 83% of the education CSIRTs, 75% of the information and communication CSIRTs, and 50% of the military CSIRTs stated that the CSIRT staff answered the hotline during business hours. 3.7.10 Hours of Operation Depending on the type and number of staff in the CSIRT, there can be different types and hours of operation. Many who do not have full-time staff on site after hours still may be able to provide support through alternative approaches, such as the use of cell phones, pagers, or third-party answering services. The CSIRTs participating in the survey had varying hours of operation: • 59% have standard business hours, starting at 0700, 0800, or 0900 and ending by 1700 or 1800. • Only 24% have 24x7x365 hours of operation. A common complaint in the CSIRT community is that many teams do not provide after hours support, therefore, it is not always apparent who to contact in an emergency. 109 A hotline is a method for reporting computer security incidents to a CSIRT via a particular telephone number. 102 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
3.7.11 Types of Incidents There does not seem to be a standard type of incident that is most frequently handled by CSIRTs. This was surprising, as we expected to see almost all teams handling virus and DoS attacks. In fact, for the 2003 CSI/FBI Computer Crime and Security Survey, these types of incidents were in the top five types of incidents reported [Richardson 03]. The types of incidents most frequently handled by survey respondents were, not surprisingly, probes and scans. Fifty-one percent of the participating CSIRTs said that they dealt with these incidents most frequently. The next most frequent types of incidents handled were viruses, worms, and Trojan horses (38%). Sixty-six percent of the participating teams reported that they did not handle theft of data, unauthorized access to data, user compromises, and DoS events frequently. Looking at the data based on the sector in which the CSIRT is located revealed the following: • Educational CSIRTs primarily dealt with viruses, misuses of resources, and probes and scans.: • Non-profit teams stated that the majority of the incidents they handled were viruses or probes and scans. Other types of incidents mentioned that had not been itemized in the survey list were spamming (10%) and harassment (3%). In the Information Security Breaches Survey 2002, a thousand telephone interviews were conducted with various information security professionals from different sectors in the United Kingdom (UK). Supplementing these interviews were face-to-face interviews and web-based “polls.” An Executive Summary (and pointer to the full technical report) of the survey results are available from Potter [Potter 02]. Sectors included in the survey were finance, telecommunications, technology, travel/leisure/entertainment, utilities/energy/mining, manufacturing, retail/distribution, property/construction, government/health/education/volunteer services, and professional/other services. Fifty-two percent of the participants were in IT management functions. The following categories of security incidents suffered by UK businesses during the timeframe covered in the survey included the following categories of incident activity: • virus infections • unauthorized access to confidential data • systems failure or data corruption • hacking attacks on web sites CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001 103
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State of the Practice of Computer S
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This report was prepared for the SE
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3.1.3 Total Registered CSIRTs......
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This document provides a view of th
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• Katherine Fithen for her contin
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xvi CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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Although CSIRTs have been in existe
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ased on a sampling of CSIRTs done v
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future growth. It can also be used
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The participating CSIRTs also repre
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10 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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ole. This may include providing sec
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• Incident response is the action
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Model Coordinating CSIRT Descriptio
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After the worm had been successfull
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2.3.2 The Creation of FIRST In Augu
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Up until this point, only one or tw
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the other teams. Again, the communi
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into a course for new incident hand
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These early teams have become leade
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2.3.5 Initiatives in Latin America
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stituency is the research network a
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In September 2003, the U.S. Departm
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36 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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• There is not one entity for reg
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Table 4 combines the total number o
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In looking at the growth of teams e
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Table 6: North American and Europea
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3.1.5 Other Trends Other trends we
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Figure 10: Example of Team Sponsors
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service providers, or nation states
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Page 100 and 101: promote “higher education in info
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Page 138 and 139: 3.9.2 United States Cyber Crime Law
Page 140 and 141: 3.10.1.2 Trusted Introducer for CSI
Page 142 and 143: 3.10.1.5 Asia Pacific Computer Emer
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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156 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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Seminars include Intrusion Detectio
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TRANSITS Training Workshop http://w
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Certification Organizations Current
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164 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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Article 10 - Offences related to in
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accessing legal implications coordi
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http://thomas.loc.gov/ Bills, Publi
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18 U.S.C. § 1832 - Theft of trade
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http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi
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SecurityFocus Online - Library Comp
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U.S. House of Representatives - Off
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CERT Coordination Center The CERT/C
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CIO/FBI/USSS These are the CIO Cybe
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CIO CYBERTHREAT RESPONSE & REPORTIN
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asic information that is included i
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Department of Justice Computer Crim
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FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
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FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
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CONTRIBUTORS INDUSTRY Peter Allor M
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Nebraska Information Technology Com
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COMPUTER INCIDENT REPORTING SHORT F
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3. Has your agency experienced this
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a. System(s) disconnected from the
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6. (Optional) Updates to policies a
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COMPUTER SECURITY INCIDENT HANDLING
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Steele The Information Assurance Te
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Network Incident Report United Stat
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Details for Probes and Scans Appare
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Details for Unauthorized Access (co
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Van Wyk and Forno In their book Inc
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Bibliography All URLs are valid as
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[Caloyannides 01] Caloyannides, Mic
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[Ferreira 96] Ferreira, Joao Nuno;
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[Kossakowski 00] Kossakowski, Klaus
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[Scalet 02] Scalet, Sarah. “Risk:
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[van Wyk 01] van Wyk, Kenneth R. &
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Index @stake, 157 abnormal network
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CIO, 84, 92 CIRC, 13 CIRT, 13 CISSP
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internal, 14, 92 internal centraliz
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incident handling, 84 reporting, 92
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security, 56, 124 support staff, 73
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incoming information, 74 priority s
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survey, xii, 5, 49, 52, 55, 67, 71,
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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Appr
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