State of the Practice of Computer Security Incident Response Teams ...

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Nebraska Information Technology Commission Standards and Guidelines Security Architecture want to gather as much information as possible for the law enforcement agents before you make the call. Here is some additional information that will help law enforcement agents in their investigation: 1. What are the primary systems involved? 2. How was the attack carried out? 3. What steps have you taken to mitigate or remediate? 4. Does a suspect exist? If so, is it a current or former employee/contractor? 5. What evidence is available to assist in the investigation (e.g., log files, physical evidence, etc.)? To track the status of your case once you’ve filed a report, contact the field office that is conducting the investigation. Who to Notify FBI – Omaha Office InfraGard Coordinator Phone (405) 290-3685 Fax (405) 290-3885 infragard-om@fbi.gov Nebraska State Patrol Capt. Robert E. Thorson Investigative Services Nebraska State Patrol 1600 Highway 2 Lincoln, Nebraska 68509-4907 Ph. 402-479-4947; Fax: rthorson@nsp.state.ne.us Sgt. Scott Christensen Coordinator Internet Crimes Against Children Unit Nebraska State Patrol - Omaha 4411 So. 108th Street Omaha, Nebraska 68137 Ph. 402-595-2410; Fax: 402-697-1409 24 hr dispatch number is 402-331-3333. schriste@nsp.state.ne.us www.nsp.state.ne.us Office of the CIO / NITC (state agencies, only) Steve Schafer Chief Information Officer 521 South 14 th Street, Suite 200 Lincoln, Nebraska 68508-2707 Ph. 402-471-4385; Fax: 402-471-4608 slschafe@notes.state.ne.us
Nebraska Information Technology Commission Standards and Guidelines Security Architecture Step-by-step procedure(s) The Incident Response and Centralized Reporting Procedure for State Government requires that the agency implement the following steps for a complete security incident handling process. 1. Establish general procedures for responding to incidents; 2. Prepare to respond to incidents; 3. Analyze all available information to characterize an incident; 4. Communicate with all parties that need to be made aware of an incident and its progress; 5. Collect and protect information associated with an incident; 6. Apply short-term solutions to contain an incident; 7. Eliminate all means of vulnerability pertaining to that incident; 8. Return systems to normal operation; 9. Closure: Identify and implement security lessons learned. Step 1: Establish a computer security incident response team (CSIRT) that can take responsibility for managing security incidents. The CSIRT can be a virtual team that includes people with a wide range of expertise. Agencies should consider forming a CSIRT that serves multiple entities. A clear description of roles and expectations is essential. Step 2: Set methods for placing the CSIRT on alert status and ready to take preventative measures. It should include procedures for activating the team once an incident occurs. Step 3: Identify and understand the incident. Use the Information Systems Administrator’s Incident Reporting form to document the incident. Step 4: Contact managers and users affected by an incident, security personnel, law enforcement agencies, vendors, the CERT Coordination Center (http://www.cert.org/), and other CSIRTs external to the organization as necessary. It is essential that each agency establishes and follows a single channel of communication. Multiple sources of information while the incident is underway creates confusion, interrupts the work of the response team, and increases vulnerability if the perpetrator is monitoring communications within the agency. It is required that the Computer Incident Reporting Short Form be completed and forwarded to the Nebraska State CIO. Step 5: Collect and preserve as much evidence in its original form as possible. Take detailed notes of all evidence found and record each piece of evidence. It is important not to rush. Be aware not to destroy or modify any evidence. If necessary, use low-level copying methods to make a complete copy of the disk and memory state of the affected host(s).
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State of the Practice of Computer S
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This report was prepared for the SE
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3.1.3 Total Registered CSIRTs......
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iv CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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vi CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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viii CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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x CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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This document provides a view of th
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• Katherine Fithen for her contin
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xvi CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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Although CSIRTs have been in existe
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ased on a sampling of CSIRTs done v
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future growth. It can also be used
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The participating CSIRTs also repre
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10 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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ole. This may include providing sec
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• Incident response is the action
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Model Coordinating CSIRT Descriptio
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After the worm had been successfull
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2.3.2 The Creation of FIRST In Augu
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Up until this point, only one or tw
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the other teams. Again, the communi
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into a course for new incident hand
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These early teams have become leade
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2.3.5 Initiatives in Latin America
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stituency is the research network a
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In September 2003, the U.S. Departm
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36 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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• There is not one entity for reg
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Table 4 combines the total number o
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In looking at the growth of teams e
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Table 6: North American and Europea
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3.1.5 Other Trends Other trends we
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Figure 10: Example of Team Sponsors
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service providers, or nation states
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their web pages. This may also be t
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A CSIRT, due to its position, may a
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Malaysia Computer Emergency Respons
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data collection, the use of analysi
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Dittrich goes on to say that a big
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• insider abuse of internal compu
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Making the case to management to ga
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• Security quality management ser
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• perform artifact analysis (66%)
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• Distributed dedicated CSIRTs: 1
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Not surprisingly, in the majority o
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tended team is formed by temporaril
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• audit and risk management speci
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As the field of incident handling a
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promote “higher education in info
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3.7.1 Defining Computer Security In
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3.7.1.1 Security Incident Taxonomy
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• identifying the staff and neces
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Other flow diagrams and charts have
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• Rule #1: Don’t Panic! • Rul
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3.7.5.1 Data Fields Many CSIRTs hav
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formats for exchanging incident dat
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Level/Priority Low Type of Incident
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priority), yellow (cautionary alert
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way, the combined and coordination
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Whoever does this work must not onl
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• staff misuse of company system
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Effective teams will have a plan in
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• 83% of the education CSIRTs sha
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Figure 14: Attack Sophistication Ve
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service managers or customers. Such
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As the volume of incident and vulne
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enabling better cooperation and ass
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3.9.2 United States Cyber Crime Law
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3.10.1.2 Trusted Introducer for CSI
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3.10.1.5 Asia Pacific Computer Emer
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For more information see: http://ce
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3.10.3.3 Distributed Intrusion Dete
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3.10.5 Research CSIRTs and security
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3.12 Resources 3.12.1 Case Study Ex
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132 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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standards for incident handling met
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• management support and trust fr
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We are seeking opportunities to col
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140 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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3. If yes, who is that constituency
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. __ Distributed dedicated team (te
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e. __ answering hotline/help desk c
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26. What are your business hours? _
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e. __ Audit or Risk Management Depa
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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156 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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Seminars include Intrusion Detectio
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TRANSITS Training Workshop http://w
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Page 186 and 187: Article 10 - Offences related to in
Page 188 and 189: accessing legal implications coordi
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Page 192 and 193: 18 U.S.C. § 1832 - Theft of trade
Page 194 and 195: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi
Page 196 and 197: SecurityFocus Online - Library Comp
Page 198 and 199: U.S. House of Representatives - Off
Page 200 and 201: CERT Coordination Center The CERT/C
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Page 204 and 205: CIO CYBERTHREAT RESPONSE & REPORTIN
Page 206 and 207: asic information that is included i
Page 208 and 209: Department of Justice Computer Crim
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Page 212 and 213: FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
Page 214 and 215: CONTRIBUTORS INDUSTRY Peter Allor M
Page 228 and 229: Nebraska Information Technology Com
Page 237 and 238: COMPUTER INCIDENT REPORTING SHORT F
Page 239 and 240: 3. Has your agency experienced this
Page 241 and 242: a. System(s) disconnected from the
Page 243 and 244: 6. (Optional) Updates to policies a
Page 245 and 246: COMPUTER SECURITY INCIDENT HANDLING
Page 253: Steele The Information Assurance Te
Page 256 and 257: Network Incident Report United Stat
Page 258 and 259: Details for Probes and Scans Appare
Page 260 and 261: Details for Unauthorized Access (co
Page 262: Van Wyk and Forno In their book Inc
Page 267 and 268: Bibliography All URLs are valid as
Page 269 and 270: [Caloyannides 01] Caloyannides, Mic
Page 271 and 272: [Ferreira 96] Ferreira, Joao Nuno;
Page 273 and 274: [Kossakowski 00] Kossakowski, Klaus
Page 275 and 276: [Scalet 02] Scalet, Sarah. “Risk:
Page 277 and 278: [van Wyk 01] van Wyk, Kenneth R. &
Page 279 and 280: Index @stake, 157 abnormal network
Page 281 and 282: CIO, 84, 92 CIRC, 13 CIRT, 13 CISSP
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internal, 14, 92 internal centraliz
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incident handling, 84 reporting, 92
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security, 56, 124 support staff, 73
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incoming information, 74 priority s
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survey, xii, 5, 49, 52, 55, 67, 71,
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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Appr
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