State of the Practice of Computer Security Incident Response Teams ...

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[Howard 98] Howard, John D. & Longstaff, Thomas A. A Common Language for Computer Security Incidents (SAND98-8667). Livermore, CA: Sandia National Laboratories, October 1998. [INCH 02] Extended Incident Handling (inch). http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/inch-charter.html (2002). [Incidents 03] Internet Storm Center. http://www.incidents.org/ (2003). [Ito 03] Ito, Yurie. “Introduction of the APCERT, New Forum for CSIRTs in Asia Pacific.” Presentation, JPCERT/CC 2003. (Copies of this presentation can be obtained by sending a request to info@jpcert.or.jp) [JANET-CERT 03] JANET-CERT. “Case Studies: The Costs of Incidents.” http://www.ja.net/CERT/JANET-CERT/prevention/case-studies/ (2003). [Kaplan 02] Kaplan, Simone. “Criteria for Determining the Cost of a Breach.” CSO Magazine. http://www.csoonline.com/read/120902 /cost_sidebar_1_664.html (2002). [Kessler 02] Kessler, Gary C. & Schirling, Michael. “Cracking the Cracking.” Information Security Magazine. http://infosecuritymag.techtarget.com /2002/apr/crackingbooks.shtml (April 2002). [Kossakowski 94a] Kossakowski, Klaus-Peter. The DFN-CERT Project: The First 18 Months. http://www.cert.dfn.de/eng/pre99papers/6csihw1.html (1994). [Kossakowski 94b] Kossakowski, Klaus-Peter. The Funding Process: A Challenging Task. http://www.cert.dfn.de/eng/pre99papers/6csihw2.html (1994). [Kossakowski 96] Kossakowski, Klaus-Peter & Stikvoort, Don. “Incident Response Teams: the European Perspective”. Proceedings, 8th Workshop on Computer Security Incident Handling. San Jose, CA: FIRST, July 1996. 252 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
[Kossakowski 00] Kossakowski, Klaus-Peter & Stikvoort, Don. “A Trusted CSIRT Introducer in Europe: An Empirical Approach Towards Trust Inside the European Incident Response Scene—The Replacement of Trust by Expectations.” Amersfoort, NL: M&I/Stelvio, 2000. (Commissioned by TERENA.) [Kruse 02] Kruse, Warren G., II & Heiser, Jay G. Computer Forensics, Incident Response Essentials. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 2002. [Lundberg 01] Lundberg, Abbie. “Effective Responses to Security Incidents.” http://www.cio.com/research/security/response.html (2001). [Mandia 01] Mandia , Kevin & Prosise, Chris. Incident Response: Investigating Computer Crime. Berkeley, CA: Osborne/McGraw-Hill, 2001. [Marcella 02] Marcella, Albert J. & Greenfield, Robert S., Ed. Cyber Forensics: A Field Manual for Collecting, Examining, and Preserving Evidence of Computer Crimes. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press LLC, 2002. [McGlashan 01] McGlashan, Matthew. “The Methodology of Incident Handling.” InfoSecurity 2001 Conference Program. Malaysian National Computer Confederation, 2001. http://www.mncc.com.my /infosec2001-detail6.html (2001). [Mendell 01] Mendell, Ronald L. “Incident Management with Law Enforcement.” SecurityFocus Online. http://online.securityfocus.com/infocus/1523 (2001). [MyCERT 03] Malaysia CERT (MyCERT). http://www.mycert.mimos.my/. [Navy 96] Department of the Navy. Computer Incident Response Guidebook, Module 19 (NAVSO P-5239-19). http://www.nswc.navy.mil /ISSEC/Guidance/P5239-19.html (1996). [Nebraska 02] State of Nebraska. “Incident Response and Reporting Procedure for State Government” (Draft). Nebraska Information Technology Commission, April 2002. http://www.nitc.state.ne.us/tp/meetings /documents/20020416/Incident_Reporting_Procedure.pdf. CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001 253
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State of the Practice of Computer S
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This report was prepared for the SE
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3.1.3 Total Registered CSIRTs......
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iv CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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vi CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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viii CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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x CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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This document provides a view of th
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• Katherine Fithen for her contin
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xvi CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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Although CSIRTs have been in existe
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ased on a sampling of CSIRTs done v
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future growth. It can also be used
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The participating CSIRTs also repre
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10 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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ole. This may include providing sec
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• Incident response is the action
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Model Coordinating CSIRT Descriptio
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After the worm had been successfull
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2.3.2 The Creation of FIRST In Augu
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Up until this point, only one or tw
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the other teams. Again, the communi
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into a course for new incident hand
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These early teams have become leade
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2.3.5 Initiatives in Latin America
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stituency is the research network a
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In September 2003, the U.S. Departm
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36 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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• There is not one entity for reg
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Table 4 combines the total number o
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In looking at the growth of teams e
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Table 6: North American and Europea
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3.1.5 Other Trends Other trends we
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Figure 10: Example of Team Sponsors
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service providers, or nation states
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their web pages. This may also be t
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A CSIRT, due to its position, may a
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Malaysia Computer Emergency Respons
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data collection, the use of analysi
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Dittrich goes on to say that a big
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• insider abuse of internal compu
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Making the case to management to ga
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• Security quality management ser
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• perform artifact analysis (66%)
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• Distributed dedicated CSIRTs: 1
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Not surprisingly, in the majority o
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tended team is formed by temporaril
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• audit and risk management speci
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As the field of incident handling a
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promote “higher education in info
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3.7.1 Defining Computer Security In
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3.7.1.1 Security Incident Taxonomy
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• identifying the staff and neces
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Other flow diagrams and charts have
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• Rule #1: Don’t Panic! • Rul
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3.7.5.1 Data Fields Many CSIRTs hav
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formats for exchanging incident dat
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Level/Priority Low Type of Incident
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priority), yellow (cautionary alert
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way, the combined and coordination
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Whoever does this work must not onl
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• staff misuse of company system
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Effective teams will have a plan in
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• 83% of the education CSIRTs sha
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Figure 14: Attack Sophistication Ve
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service managers or customers. Such
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As the volume of incident and vulne
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enabling better cooperation and ass
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3.9.2 United States Cyber Crime Law
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3.10.1.2 Trusted Introducer for CSI
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3.10.1.5 Asia Pacific Computer Emer
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For more information see: http://ce
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3.10.3.3 Distributed Intrusion Dete
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3.10.5 Research CSIRTs and security
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3.12 Resources 3.12.1 Case Study Ex
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132 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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standards for incident handling met
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• management support and trust fr
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We are seeking opportunities to col
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140 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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3. If yes, who is that constituency
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. __ Distributed dedicated team (te
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e. __ answering hotline/help desk c
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26. What are your business hours? _
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e. __ Audit or Risk Management Depa
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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156 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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Seminars include Intrusion Detectio
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TRANSITS Training Workshop http://w
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Certification Organizations Current
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164 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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Article 10 - Offences related to in
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accessing legal implications coordi
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http://thomas.loc.gov/ Bills, Publi
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18 U.S.C. § 1832 - Theft of trade
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http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi
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SecurityFocus Online - Library Comp
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U.S. House of Representatives - Off
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CERT Coordination Center The CERT/C
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CIO/FBI/USSS These are the CIO Cybe
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CIO CYBERTHREAT RESPONSE & REPORTIN
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asic information that is included i
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Department of Justice Computer Crim
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FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
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FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
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CONTRIBUTORS INDUSTRY Peter Allor M
Page 228 and 229: Nebraska Information Technology Com
Page 237 and 238: COMPUTER INCIDENT REPORTING SHORT F
Page 239 and 240: 3. Has your agency experienced this
Page 241 and 242: a. System(s) disconnected from the
Page 243 and 244: 6. (Optional) Updates to policies a
Page 245 and 246: COMPUTER SECURITY INCIDENT HANDLING
Page 253: Steele The Information Assurance Te
Page 256 and 257: Network Incident Report United Stat
Page 258 and 259: Details for Probes and Scans Appare
Page 260 and 261: Details for Unauthorized Access (co
Page 262: Van Wyk and Forno In their book Inc
Page 267 and 268: Bibliography All URLs are valid as
Page 269 and 270: [Caloyannides 01] Caloyannides, Mic
Page 271: [Ferreira 96] Ferreira, Joao Nuno;
Page 275 and 276: [Scalet 02] Scalet, Sarah. “Risk:
Page 277 and 278: [van Wyk 01] van Wyk, Kenneth R. &
Page 279 and 280: Index @stake, 157 abnormal network
Page 281 and 282: CIO, 84, 92 CIRC, 13 CIRT, 13 CISSP
Page 283 and 284: internal, 14, 92 internal centraliz
Page 285 and 286: incident handling, 84 reporting, 92
Page 287 and 288: security, 56, 124 support staff, 73
Page 289 and 290: incoming information, 74 priority s
Page 291 and 292: survey, xii, 5, 49, 52, 55, 67, 71,
Page 293: REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Appr
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