State of the Practice of Computer Security Incident Response Teams ...

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Nebraska Information Technology Commission Standards and Guidelines Security Architecture Step 6: As necessary the CSIRT should, (A) physically isolate the affected host(s); (B) change all passwords or disable all accounts on all systems to which the attacker may have had access; (C) disable access to compromised file or date systems that are shared with other computers. Continue to monitor system and network activities Step 7: The CSIRT should review local operating system and configuration files for signs of intrusion and remove any means for intruder access including changes made by an intruder. Next, determine if there are uncorrected system or network vulnerabilities and correct them. Last, improve protection mechanisms to limit the exposure of networks and systems. Step 8: Determine the requirements and timeframe for returning the system to normal operation. Members of the CSIRT should restore the operating system, applications and data from trusted media and reconnect the restored system to the network. The CSIRT should validate the restored system for potential vulnerabilities. Step 9, “Closure” is intended to give the organization an opportunity to learn from the experience of responding to an incident. Every successful intrusion or other incident indicates potential weaknesses in systems, networks, operations, and staff preparedness. These weaknesses provide opportunities for improvement. Steps should include the following points (from CERTCC security practices, http://www.cert.org/security-improvement/practices/p052.html): 1. Hold a post mortem analysis and review meeting with all involved parties. Do this within three to five working days of completing the investigation of an intrusion. Use the attached Information Systems Administrator’s Incident Reporting Form to gather information and guide discussion. 2. Prepare a final report for senior management. This ensures awareness of security issues. Use either the Computer Incident Reporting Short Form or the Information Systems Administrator’s Incident Reporting Form to report information about the security incident to the Office of the Chief Information Officer. Incidents should be reported no later than 5 working days after returning systems to normal operation. 3. Revise security plans and procedures and user and administrator training to prevent future incidents. Include any new, improved methods resulting from lessons learned. 4. Determine whether or not to perform a new risk analysis based on the severity and impact of an intrusion. 5. Take a new inventory of your system and network assets. 6. Participate in investigation and prosecution, if applicable. Related Rules Draft security standards for the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) would establish administrative procedures to guard data integrity, confidentiality, and availability. These include security incident procedures (45 CFR
Nebraska Information Technology Commission Standards and Guidelines Security Architecture Part 142.308 (a)(9): “(9) Security incident procedures (formal documented instructions for reporting security breaches) that include all of the following implementation features: “(i) Report procedures (documented formal mechanism employed to document security incidents). “(ii) Response procedures (documented formal rules or instructions for actions to be taken as a result of the receipt of a security incident report).” Attachments/ Forms Incident Response Process Flow Chart Computer Incident Reporting Short Form Information Systems Administrator’s Incident Reporting Form
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State of the Practice of Computer S
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This report was prepared for the SE
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3.1.3 Total Registered CSIRTs......
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iv CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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vi CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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viii CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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x CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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This document provides a view of th
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• Katherine Fithen for her contin
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xvi CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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Although CSIRTs have been in existe
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ased on a sampling of CSIRTs done v
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future growth. It can also be used
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The participating CSIRTs also repre
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10 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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ole. This may include providing sec
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• Incident response is the action
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Model Coordinating CSIRT Descriptio
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After the worm had been successfull
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2.3.2 The Creation of FIRST In Augu
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Up until this point, only one or tw
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the other teams. Again, the communi
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into a course for new incident hand
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These early teams have become leade
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2.3.5 Initiatives in Latin America
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stituency is the research network a
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In September 2003, the U.S. Departm
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36 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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• There is not one entity for reg
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Table 4 combines the total number o
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In looking at the growth of teams e
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Table 6: North American and Europea
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3.1.5 Other Trends Other trends we
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Figure 10: Example of Team Sponsors
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service providers, or nation states
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their web pages. This may also be t
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A CSIRT, due to its position, may a
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Malaysia Computer Emergency Respons
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data collection, the use of analysi
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Dittrich goes on to say that a big
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• insider abuse of internal compu
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Making the case to management to ga
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• Security quality management ser
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• perform artifact analysis (66%)
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• Distributed dedicated CSIRTs: 1
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Not surprisingly, in the majority o
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tended team is formed by temporaril
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• audit and risk management speci
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As the field of incident handling a
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promote “higher education in info
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3.7.1 Defining Computer Security In
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3.7.1.1 Security Incident Taxonomy
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• identifying the staff and neces
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Other flow diagrams and charts have
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• Rule #1: Don’t Panic! • Rul
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3.7.5.1 Data Fields Many CSIRTs hav
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formats for exchanging incident dat
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Level/Priority Low Type of Incident
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priority), yellow (cautionary alert
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way, the combined and coordination
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Whoever does this work must not onl
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• staff misuse of company system
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Effective teams will have a plan in
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• 83% of the education CSIRTs sha
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Figure 14: Attack Sophistication Ve
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service managers or customers. Such
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As the volume of incident and vulne
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enabling better cooperation and ass
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3.9.2 United States Cyber Crime Law
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3.10.1.2 Trusted Introducer for CSI
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3.10.1.5 Asia Pacific Computer Emer
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For more information see: http://ce
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3.10.3.3 Distributed Intrusion Dete
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3.10.5 Research CSIRTs and security
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3.12 Resources 3.12.1 Case Study Ex
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132 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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standards for incident handling met
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• management support and trust fr
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We are seeking opportunities to col
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140 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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3. If yes, who is that constituency
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. __ Distributed dedicated team (te
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e. __ answering hotline/help desk c
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26. What are your business hours? _
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e. __ Audit or Risk Management Depa
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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156 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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Seminars include Intrusion Detectio
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TRANSITS Training Workshop http://w
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Certification Organizations Current
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Page 186 and 187: Article 10 - Offences related to in
Page 188 and 189: accessing legal implications coordi
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Page 192 and 193: 18 U.S.C. § 1832 - Theft of trade
Page 194 and 195: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi
Page 196 and 197: SecurityFocus Online - Library Comp
Page 198 and 199: U.S. House of Representatives - Off
Page 200 and 201: CERT Coordination Center The CERT/C
Page 202 and 203: CIO/FBI/USSS These are the CIO Cybe
Page 204 and 205: CIO CYBERTHREAT RESPONSE & REPORTIN
Page 206 and 207: asic information that is included i
Page 208 and 209: Department of Justice Computer Crim
Page 210 and 211: FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
Page 212 and 213: FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
Page 214 and 215: CONTRIBUTORS INDUSTRY Peter Allor M
Page 228 and 229: Nebraska Information Technology Com
Page 237 and 238: COMPUTER INCIDENT REPORTING SHORT F
Page 239 and 240: 3. Has your agency experienced this
Page 241 and 242: a. System(s) disconnected from the
Page 243 and 244: 6. (Optional) Updates to policies a
Page 245 and 246: COMPUTER SECURITY INCIDENT HANDLING
Page 253: Steele The Information Assurance Te
Page 256 and 257: Network Incident Report United Stat
Page 258 and 259: Details for Probes and Scans Appare
Page 260 and 261: Details for Unauthorized Access (co
Page 262: Van Wyk and Forno In their book Inc
Page 267 and 268: Bibliography All URLs are valid as
Page 269 and 270: [Caloyannides 01] Caloyannides, Mic
Page 271 and 272: [Ferreira 96] Ferreira, Joao Nuno;
Page 273 and 274: [Kossakowski 00] Kossakowski, Klaus
Page 275 and 276: [Scalet 02] Scalet, Sarah. “Risk:
Page 277 and 278: [van Wyk 01] van Wyk, Kenneth R. &
Page 279 and 280: Index @stake, 157 abnormal network
Page 281 and 282: CIO, 84, 92 CIRC, 13 CIRT, 13 CISSP
Page 283 and 284: internal, 14, 92 internal centraliz
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incident handling, 84 reporting, 92
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security, 56, 124 support staff, 73
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incoming information, 74 priority s
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survey, xii, 5, 49, 52, 55, 67, 71,
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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Appr
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