State of the Practice of Computer Security Incident Response Teams ...

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10 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
2 Computer Security Incident Response Teams 2.1 What is a CSIRT? Computer networks have revolutionized the way business is done, but they have also introduced substantial risk. Changes in society’s use of technology have provided new opportunities for intrusions. Changes in organizational data protection requirements, local and national laws, and institutional regulations have made it imperative to address security concerns at an enterprise level. Even the best information security infrastructure cannot guarantee that intrusions or other malicious acts will not happen. When computer security incidents occur, it is critical for an organization to have an effective way to respond. The speed with which an organization can recognize, analyze, and respond to an incident will limit the damage and lower the cost of recovery. A CSIRT is a service organization that is responsible for receiving, reviewing, and responding to computer security incident reports and activity. Its services are usually performed for a defined constituency that could be a parent entity such as a corporation, government, or educational organization; a region or country; a research network; or a paid client. Part of a CSIRT’s function can be compared in concept to a fire department. When a fire occurs, the fire department is called into action. They go to the scene, review the damage, analyze the fire pattern, and determine the course of action to take. They then contain the fire and extinguish it. This is similar to the reactive functions of a CSIRT. A CSIRT will receive requests for assistance and reports of threats, attack, scans, misuse of resources, or unauthorized access to data and information assets. They will analyze the report and determine what they think is happening and the course of action to take to mitigate the situation and resolve the problem. Just as a fire department can be proactive by providing fire-prevention training, instructing families in the best manner to safely exit a burning building, and promoting the installation of smoke alarms and the purchase of fire escape ladders, a CSIRT may also perform a proactive CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001 11
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Page 6 and 7: 3.1.3 Total Registered CSIRTs......
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Page 16 and 17: This document provides a view of th
Page 18 and 19: • Katherine Fithen for her contin
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Page 22 and 23: Although CSIRTs have been in existe
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Page 26 and 27: future growth. It can also be used
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Page 32 and 33: ole. This may include providing sec
Page 34 and 35: • Incident response is the action
Page 36 and 37: Model Coordinating CSIRT Descriptio
Page 38 and 39: After the worm had been successfull
Page 40 and 41: 2.3.2 The Creation of FIRST In Augu
Page 42 and 43: Up until this point, only one or tw
Page 44 and 45: the other teams. Again, the communi
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Page 48 and 49: These early teams have become leade
Page 50 and 51: 2.3.5 Initiatives in Latin America
Page 52 and 53: stituency is the research network a
Page 54 and 55: In September 2003, the U.S. Departm
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Page 58 and 59: • There is not one entity for reg
Page 60 and 61: Table 4 combines the total number o
Page 62 and 63: In looking at the growth of teams e
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Page 66 and 67: 3.1.5 Other Trends Other trends we
Page 68 and 69: Figure 10: Example of Team Sponsors
Page 70 and 71: service providers, or nation states
Page 72 and 73: their web pages. This may also be t
Page 74 and 75: A CSIRT, due to its position, may a
Page 76 and 77: Malaysia Computer Emergency Respons
Page 78 and 79: data collection, the use of analysi
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Dittrich goes on to say that a big
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• insider abuse of internal compu
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Making the case to management to ga
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• Security quality management ser
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• perform artifact analysis (66%)
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• Distributed dedicated CSIRTs: 1
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Not surprisingly, in the majority o
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tended team is formed by temporaril
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• audit and risk management speci
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As the field of incident handling a
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promote “higher education in info
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3.7.1 Defining Computer Security In
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3.7.1.1 Security Incident Taxonomy
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• identifying the staff and neces
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Other flow diagrams and charts have
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• Rule #1: Don’t Panic! • Rul
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3.7.5.1 Data Fields Many CSIRTs hav
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formats for exchanging incident dat
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Level/Priority Low Type of Incident
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priority), yellow (cautionary alert
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way, the combined and coordination
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Whoever does this work must not onl
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• staff misuse of company system
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Effective teams will have a plan in
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• 83% of the education CSIRTs sha
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Figure 14: Attack Sophistication Ve
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service managers or customers. Such
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As the volume of incident and vulne
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enabling better cooperation and ass
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3.9.2 United States Cyber Crime Law
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3.10.1.2 Trusted Introducer for CSI
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3.10.1.5 Asia Pacific Computer Emer
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For more information see: http://ce
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3.10.3.3 Distributed Intrusion Dete
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3.10.5 Research CSIRTs and security
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3.12 Resources 3.12.1 Case Study Ex
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standards for incident handling met
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• management support and trust fr
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We are seeking opportunities to col
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3. If yes, who is that constituency
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. __ Distributed dedicated team (te
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e. __ answering hotline/help desk c
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26. What are your business hours? _
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e. __ Audit or Risk Management Depa
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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Seminars include Intrusion Detectio
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TRANSITS Training Workshop http://w
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Certification Organizations Current
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Article 10 - Offences related to in
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accessing legal implications coordi
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http://thomas.loc.gov/ Bills, Publi
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18 U.S.C. § 1832 - Theft of trade
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http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi
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SecurityFocus Online - Library Comp
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U.S. House of Representatives - Off
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CERT Coordination Center The CERT/C
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CIO/FBI/USSS These are the CIO Cybe
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CIO CYBERTHREAT RESPONSE & REPORTIN
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asic information that is included i
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Department of Justice Computer Crim
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FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
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FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
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CONTRIBUTORS INDUSTRY Peter Allor M
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Nebraska Information Technology Com
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COMPUTER INCIDENT REPORTING SHORT F
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3. Has your agency experienced this
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a. System(s) disconnected from the
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6. (Optional) Updates to policies a
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COMPUTER SECURITY INCIDENT HANDLING
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Steele The Information Assurance Te
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Network Incident Report United Stat
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Details for Probes and Scans Appare
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Details for Unauthorized Access (co
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Van Wyk and Forno In their book Inc
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Bibliography All URLs are valid as
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[Caloyannides 01] Caloyannides, Mic
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[Ferreira 96] Ferreira, Joao Nuno;
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[Kossakowski 00] Kossakowski, Klaus
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[Scalet 02] Scalet, Sarah. “Risk:
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[van Wyk 01] van Wyk, Kenneth R. &
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Index @stake, 157 abnormal network
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CIO, 84, 92 CIRC, 13 CIRT, 13 CISSP
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internal, 14, 92 internal centraliz
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incident handling, 84 reporting, 92
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security, 56, 124 support staff, 73
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incoming information, 74 priority s
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survey, xii, 5, 49, 52, 55, 67, 71,
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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Appr
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