State of the Practice of Computer Security Incident Response Teams ...

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Effective teams will have a plan in place for how such coordination and interaction occurs so that when an event happens, the team is positioned to quickly and efficiently orchestrate such activities. This could include having pre-determined contacts set up (names, phone numbers, email addresses, encryption keys) and/or tools to support disseminating information (tools to extract relevant log information, mailing lists and mail merge tools to automate contacting sites, automated tools to look up contact information from whois servers, etc.). There may be pre-arranged non-disclosure agreements that are signed between the CSIRT and other external contacts (for example, trusted experts who might assist in incident or vulnerability analysis). Identifying the appropriate level of detail for what data is shared with others might be worked out or negotiated prior to an event, but it has also been the case that such arrangements may need to be made as an incident is unfolding and the incident is being analyzed. To the extent that it is possible to determine beforehand who the team will share information with, how to contact them, at what level of detail data is provided, and the method for dissemination or access to that data, the more the CSIRT will be able to undertake such information sharing efficiently and effectively. Some level of trust will also have to be discussed and agreed to. This will involve what will be done with shared information, how confidential information will be exchanged, and also with whom this information will be shared. Van Wyk discusses pulling together the key players and having a Crisis Action Meeting to determine appropriate actions for coordination and communication with others [van Wyk 01]. Part of such activity will determine what needs to be done allowing the team to then prioritize those actions. Schultz also provides suggestions for establishing relationships with external entities similar to those mentioned above [Schultz 02]. Depending on the CSIRT constituency and parent or host organization, who the CSIRT shares information and data with and who a CSIRT coordinates response with can vary. We asked the CSIRTs who participated in the survey with whom they coordinated their response and with whom they shared data. Their responses are discussed in the following two sections. 3.7.14.1 With Whom Does the CSIRT Coordinate Activities? CSIRTs coordinate response activities with internal departments and externally with other CSIRTs, law enforcement agencies, and security experts. Of the CSIRTs that participated in the survey, • 66% coordinate their response activities with their CIO, IT and telecommunications departments, or law enforcement • 58% coordinate with other CSIRTs • 41% coordinate with their legal department 106 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
Other areas not included on the survey list that were mentioned as coordination partners include government organizations, investigators, CEOs, and system owners. Looking at this information by sector, • All of the participating banking and finance CSIRTs coordinate with their CIO, physical security department, law enforcement and investigators. • All of the information and communication CSIRTs coordinate their response activities with their CIO, legal department, and public relations department. 75% of the information and communication CSIRTs also stated that they coordinated with law enforcement and other CSIRTs. • All of the other commercial CSIRTs coordinate with business managers, the legal department, the public relations department, and other CSIRTs. • There were no specific trends for educational, military, or non-profit CSIRTs. Looking at this information by CSIRT model, • 75% of the ad hoc teams coordinate with other CSIRTs. • 100% of the coordination centers coordinate with their CIO and law enforcement. • 83% of the centralized teams coordinate with law enforcement. 60% coordinate with their CIO. 50% stated that they coordinate with the CERT/CC. 50% also coordinate with other CSIRTs and security experts. • 80% of the combined teams coordinate with law enforcement, while 60% coordinate with their CIO and their legal department. • 100% of the distributed dedicated teams coordinate with their CIO and public relations department. 66% coordinate with law enforcement, other CSIRTs, and with their legal departments. • 75% of the distributed part-time teams coordinate with other CSIRTs; 50% coordinate with their CIO, business managers, human resources department, physical security, legal department, public relations department, and law enforcement. 3.7.14.2 With Whom Does the CSIRT Share Information? The majority of CSIRTs share information with the CIO (66%), the IT and telecommunications departments (58%), law enforcement (58%), and other CSIRTs (55%). Others that were mentioned and not included in the original survey list of options were investigators. An interesting question to ask in future surveys would be what type of information is shared. Looking at this information by CSIRT sector, • 100% of the banking and finance CSIRTs share information with their CIO, their audit department, law enforcement, and their IT and telecommunications departments. CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001 107
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State of the Practice of Computer S
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This report was prepared for the SE
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3.1.3 Total Registered CSIRTs......
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This document provides a view of th
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• Katherine Fithen for her contin
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Although CSIRTs have been in existe
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ased on a sampling of CSIRTs done v
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future growth. It can also be used
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The participating CSIRTs also repre
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10 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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ole. This may include providing sec
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• Incident response is the action
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Model Coordinating CSIRT Descriptio
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After the worm had been successfull
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2.3.2 The Creation of FIRST In Augu
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Up until this point, only one or tw
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the other teams. Again, the communi
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into a course for new incident hand
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These early teams have become leade
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2.3.5 Initiatives in Latin America
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stituency is the research network a
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In September 2003, the U.S. Departm
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36 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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• There is not one entity for reg
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Table 4 combines the total number o
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In looking at the growth of teams e
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Table 6: North American and Europea
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3.1.5 Other Trends Other trends we
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Figure 10: Example of Team Sponsors
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service providers, or nation states
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their web pages. This may also be t
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A CSIRT, due to its position, may a
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Page 100 and 101: promote “higher education in info
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Seminars include Intrusion Detectio
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TRANSITS Training Workshop http://w
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Certification Organizations Current
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Article 10 - Offences related to in
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accessing legal implications coordi
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http://thomas.loc.gov/ Bills, Publi
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18 U.S.C. § 1832 - Theft of trade
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http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi
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SecurityFocus Online - Library Comp
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U.S. House of Representatives - Off
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CERT Coordination Center The CERT/C
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CIO/FBI/USSS These are the CIO Cybe
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CIO CYBERTHREAT RESPONSE & REPORTIN
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asic information that is included i
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Department of Justice Computer Crim
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FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
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FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
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CONTRIBUTORS INDUSTRY Peter Allor M
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Nebraska Information Technology Com
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COMPUTER INCIDENT REPORTING SHORT F
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3. Has your agency experienced this
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a. System(s) disconnected from the
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6. (Optional) Updates to policies a
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COMPUTER SECURITY INCIDENT HANDLING
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Steele The Information Assurance Te
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Network Incident Report United Stat
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Details for Probes and Scans Appare
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Details for Unauthorized Access (co
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Van Wyk and Forno In their book Inc
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Bibliography All URLs are valid as
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[Caloyannides 01] Caloyannides, Mic
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[Ferreira 96] Ferreira, Joao Nuno;
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[Kossakowski 00] Kossakowski, Klaus
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[Scalet 02] Scalet, Sarah. “Risk:
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[van Wyk 01] van Wyk, Kenneth R. &
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Index @stake, 157 abnormal network
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CIO, 84, 92 CIRC, 13 CIRT, 13 CISSP
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internal, 14, 92 internal centraliz
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incident handling, 84 reporting, 92
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security, 56, 124 support staff, 73
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incoming information, 74 priority s
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survey, xii, 5, 49, 52, 55, 67, 71,
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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Appr
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