State of the Practice of Computer Security Incident Response Teams ...

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This report was prepared for the SEI Joint Program Office HQ ESC/DIB 5 Eglin Street Hanscom AFB, MA 01731-2116 The ideas and findings in this report should not be construed as an official DoD position. It is published in the interest of scientific and technical information exchange. FOR THE COMMANDER Christos Scondras Chief of Programs, XPK This work is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Defense. The Software Engineering Institute is a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the U.S. Department of Defense. Copyright 2003 Carnegie Mellon University. NO WARRANTY THIS CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INSTITUTE MATERIAL IS FURNISHED ON AN "AS-IS" BASIS. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY MAKES NO WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, AS TO ANY MATTER INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR PURPOSE OR MERCHANTABILITY, EXCLUSIVITY, OR RESULTS OBTAINED FROM USE OF THE MATERIAL. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY DOES NOT MAKE ANY WARRANTY OF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT TO FREEDOM FROM PATENT, TRADEMARK, OR COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT. Use of any trademarks in this report is not intended in any way to infringe on the rights of the trademark holder. Internal use. Permission to reproduce this document and to prepare derivative works from this document for internal use is granted, provided the copyright and "No Warranty" statements are included with all reproductions and derivative works. External use. Requests for permission to reproduce this document or prepare derivative works of this document for external and commercial use should be addressed to the SEI Licensing Agent. This work was created in the performance of Federal Government Contract Number F19628-00-C-0003 with Carnegie Mellon University for the operation of the Software Engineering Institute, a federally funded research and development center. The Government of the United States has a royalty-free government-purpose license to use, duplicate, or disclose the work, in whole or in part and in any manner, and to have or permit others to do so, for government purposes pursuant to the copyright license under the clause at 252.227-7013. For information about purchasing paper copies of SEI reports, please visit the publications portion of our Web site (http://www.sei.cmu.edu/publications/pubweb.html).
Table of Contents Who is the CERT CSIRT Development Team and What Do They Do? ................ix Preface ....................................................................................................................xi Acknowledgements ..............................................................................................xiii Abstract..................................................................................................................xv 1 Introduction .....................................................................................................1 1.1 Purpose of the Document..........................................................................3 1.2 Scope of the Document .............................................................................3 1.3 Intended Audience.....................................................................................4 1.4 Use of this Document ................................................................................5 1.5 Document Structure...................................................................................6 1.6 About the Survey.......................................................................................6 1.7 About the Literature Search.......................................................................8 2 Computer Security Incident Response Teams ............................................11 2.1 What is a CSIRT?.................................................................................... 11 2.2 Types of CSIRTs......................................................................................14 2.3 History and Development of CSIRT Capabilities......................................17 2.3.1 The Early Beginnings...................................................................17 2.3.2 The Creation of FIRST.................................................................20 2.3.3 Europe Becomes Involved ...........................................................21 2.3.4 Initiatives in the Asia Pacific Region.............................................27 2.3.5 Initiatives in Latin America ...........................................................30 2.3.6 Developments in Canada.............................................................32 2.3.7 Developments in the United States ..............................................33 2.3.8 Other Initiatives in CSIRT Development and Evolution ................34 2.3.9 Today’s Activities .........................................................................35 3 Current State of the Practice of CSIRTs.......................................................37 3.1 Number and Type of CSIRTs Today.........................................................37 3.1.1 The Growth of FIRST Teams .......................................................38 3.1.2 Growth in European CSIRTs........................................................39 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001 i
Page 1: State of the Practice of Computer S
Page 6 and 7: 3.1.3 Total Registered CSIRTs......
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Page 10 and 11: vi CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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Page 14 and 15: x CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
Page 16 and 17: This document provides a view of th
Page 18 and 19: • Katherine Fithen for her contin
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Page 22 and 23: Although CSIRTs have been in existe
Page 24 and 25: ased on a sampling of CSIRTs done v
Page 26 and 27: future growth. It can also be used
Page 28 and 29: The participating CSIRTs also repre
Page 30 and 31: 10 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
Page 32 and 33: ole. This may include providing sec
Page 34 and 35: • Incident response is the action
Page 36 and 37: Model Coordinating CSIRT Descriptio
Page 38 and 39: After the worm had been successfull
Page 40 and 41: 2.3.2 The Creation of FIRST In Augu
Page 42 and 43: Up until this point, only one or tw
Page 44 and 45: the other teams. Again, the communi
Page 46 and 47: into a course for new incident hand
Page 48 and 49: These early teams have become leade
Page 50 and 51: 2.3.5 Initiatives in Latin America
Page 52 and 53: stituency is the research network a
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In September 2003, the U.S. Departm
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36 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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• There is not one entity for reg
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Table 4 combines the total number o
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In looking at the growth of teams e
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Table 6: North American and Europea
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3.1.5 Other Trends Other trends we
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Figure 10: Example of Team Sponsors
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service providers, or nation states
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their web pages. This may also be t
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A CSIRT, due to its position, may a
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Malaysia Computer Emergency Respons
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data collection, the use of analysi
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Dittrich goes on to say that a big
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• insider abuse of internal compu
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Making the case to management to ga
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• Security quality management ser
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• perform artifact analysis (66%)
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• Distributed dedicated CSIRTs: 1
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Not surprisingly, in the majority o
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tended team is formed by temporaril
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• audit and risk management speci
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As the field of incident handling a
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promote “higher education in info
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3.7.1 Defining Computer Security In
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3.7.1.1 Security Incident Taxonomy
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• identifying the staff and neces
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Other flow diagrams and charts have
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• Rule #1: Don’t Panic! • Rul
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3.7.5.1 Data Fields Many CSIRTs hav
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formats for exchanging incident dat
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Level/Priority Low Type of Incident
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priority), yellow (cautionary alert
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way, the combined and coordination
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Whoever does this work must not onl
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• staff misuse of company system
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Effective teams will have a plan in
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• 83% of the education CSIRTs sha
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Figure 14: Attack Sophistication Ve
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service managers or customers. Such
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As the volume of incident and vulne
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enabling better cooperation and ass
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3.9.2 United States Cyber Crime Law
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3.10.1.2 Trusted Introducer for CSI
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3.10.1.5 Asia Pacific Computer Emer
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For more information see: http://ce
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3.10.3.3 Distributed Intrusion Dete
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3.10.5 Research CSIRTs and security
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3.12 Resources 3.12.1 Case Study Ex
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132 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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standards for incident handling met
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• management support and trust fr
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We are seeking opportunities to col
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140 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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3. If yes, who is that constituency
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. __ Distributed dedicated team (te
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e. __ answering hotline/help desk c
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26. What are your business hours? _
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e. __ Audit or Risk Management Depa
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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156 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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Seminars include Intrusion Detectio
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TRANSITS Training Workshop http://w
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Certification Organizations Current
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164 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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Article 10 - Offences related to in
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accessing legal implications coordi
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http://thomas.loc.gov/ Bills, Publi
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18 U.S.C. § 1832 - Theft of trade
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http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi
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SecurityFocus Online - Library Comp
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U.S. House of Representatives - Off
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CERT Coordination Center The CERT/C
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CIO/FBI/USSS These are the CIO Cybe
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CIO CYBERTHREAT RESPONSE & REPORTIN
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asic information that is included i
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Department of Justice Computer Crim
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FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
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FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
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CONTRIBUTORS INDUSTRY Peter Allor M
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Nebraska Information Technology Com
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COMPUTER INCIDENT REPORTING SHORT F
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3. Has your agency experienced this
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a. System(s) disconnected from the
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6. (Optional) Updates to policies a
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COMPUTER SECURITY INCIDENT HANDLING
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Steele The Information Assurance Te
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Network Incident Report United Stat
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Details for Probes and Scans Appare
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Details for Unauthorized Access (co
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Van Wyk and Forno In their book Inc
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Bibliography All URLs are valid as
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[Caloyannides 01] Caloyannides, Mic
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[Ferreira 96] Ferreira, Joao Nuno;
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[Kossakowski 00] Kossakowski, Klaus
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[Scalet 02] Scalet, Sarah. “Risk:
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[van Wyk 01] van Wyk, Kenneth R. &
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Index @stake, 157 abnormal network
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CIO, 84, 92 CIRC, 13 CIRT, 13 CISSP
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internal, 14, 92 internal centraliz
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incident handling, 84 reporting, 92
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security, 56, 124 support staff, 73
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incoming information, 74 priority s
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survey, xii, 5, 49, 52, 55, 67, 71,
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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Appr
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