State of the Practice of Computer Security Incident Response Teams ...

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tended team is formed by temporarily adding on other professionals or specialists depending on the type of activity and type of response and analysis required. The list that follows provides a more detailed sample of the types of staffing and tasks related to positions that might be part of a core and extended CSIRT. A review of the CSIRT literature and discussions with other teams about their organizational structure show that these are common types of positions in CSIRTs. It should be pointed out, however, that not all teams would have all these positions. CSIRT staffing will depend not only on the main mission of a team, but also on the funding and expertise available in the parent organization. It will also depend on what services and capabilities are provided by other parts of the parent organization or constituency. A core team might include • manager or team lead − provides strategic direction − enables and facilitates work of team members − supervises team − represents CSIRT to management and others − interviews and hires new team members • assistant managers, supervisors, or group leaders − provides day-to-day operational guidance for team − supports strategic direction of assigned functional area − supports the team lead as needed − provides direction and mentoring to team members − assigns tasks and duties − participates in interviews with new team members − handles management tasks in team lead’s absence • hotline, help desk, or triage staff (can also be referred to as first responders) − handle main CSIRT telephone(s) for incident or security reports − provide initial assistance, depending on skills − undertake initial data entry and the sorting and prioritizing of incoming information • incident handlers − undertake incident analysis, tracking, recording, and response − coordinate the reactive and proactive guidance that will be provided to the constituency (develop material such as documentation, checklists, best practices, and guidelines) − disseminate information − interact with the CSIRT team, external experts, and others (such as sites, media, law enforcement, and legal personnel) as appropriate, by assignment from team lead or other management staff − undertake technology-watch activities if assigned − develop appropriate training materials (for CSIRT staff and/or the constituency) − mentor new CSIRT staff as assigned − monitor intrusion detection systems, if this service is part of the CSIRT activities 74 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
− perform penetration testing, if this service is part of the CSIRT activities • vulnerability handlers − analyze, test, track, and record vulnerability reports and vulnerability artifacts − determine exposure of constituency or parent organizational sites − research or develop patches and fixes as part of the vulnerability response effort − interact with the constituency, the CSIRT, software application developers, external experts (CERT/CC, FedCIRC, vendors) and others (media, law enforcement, or legal personnel) as required − disseminate information on vulnerabilities and corresponding fixes, patches, or workarounds Professional staff that may be asked to work as part of an extended CSIRT include • platform specialists who assist in analysis and response efforts by providing expertise in supported technologies or operating systems (e.g., UNIX, Windows, mainframes, applications, databases). They may also perform incident handling, vulnerability handling, or infrastructure tasks if needed. • network or system administrators to administer CSIRT equipment and peripheral devices and maintain the infrastructure for CSIRT services. This could include deploying and maintaining secure servers, secure email, an incident tracking system and data repository, and any other internal systems required by the CSIRT. • web developers to maintain any CSIRT internal or external web site. The web developers would also work in conjunction with CSIRT staff to create new content and corresponding designs for any team web site. • trainers to develop and deliver curriculum for teaching not only new incident handlers in the CSIRT, but also perhaps to teach constituency members. They may also develop and provide security awareness training to the constituency and any parent organization. • technical writers to assist and facilitate the CSIRT in the development of publications such as advisories, best practices, or other technical documents • representatives from the legal department to help develop and review any non-disclosure agreements, outsourcing contracts, or service level agreements. They may also provide guidance regarding liability issues related to ongoing incidents and advise the CSIRT regarding any laws or regulations with which the organization and the team must comply. • representatives from human resources to develop policies and procedures for removing internal employees found engaging in unauthorized or illegal computer activity. They may also help implement security training within the constituency and help develop job descriptions and interview processes for finding and hiring CSIRT staff. • representatives from public or media relations who work with the CSIRT to handle any media inquiries and help develop information disclosure policies and practices • existing security groups, including physical security, that will work with the CSIRT to exchange information about computer incidents and possibly share responsibility for resolving issues involving computer or data theft CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001 75
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State of the Practice of Computer S
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This report was prepared for the SE
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3.1.3 Total Registered CSIRTs......
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viii CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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x CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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This document provides a view of th
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• Katherine Fithen for her contin
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xvi CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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Although CSIRTs have been in existe
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ased on a sampling of CSIRTs done v
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future growth. It can also be used
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The participating CSIRTs also repre
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10 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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ole. This may include providing sec
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• Incident response is the action
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Model Coordinating CSIRT Descriptio
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After the worm had been successfull
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2.3.2 The Creation of FIRST In Augu
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Up until this point, only one or tw
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Page 54 and 55: In September 2003, the U.S. Departm
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Page 58 and 59: • There is not one entity for reg
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Page 66 and 67: 3.1.5 Other Trends Other trends we
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Page 78 and 79: data collection, the use of analysi
Page 80 and 81: Dittrich goes on to say that a big
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Page 92 and 93: Not surprisingly, in the majority o
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Page 100 and 101: promote “higher education in info
Page 102 and 103: 3.7.1 Defining Computer Security In
Page 104 and 105: 3.7.1.1 Security Incident Taxonomy
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Page 108 and 109: Other flow diagrams and charts have
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Page 112 and 113: 3.7.5.1 Data Fields Many CSIRTs hav
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Page 118 and 119: priority), yellow (cautionary alert
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Page 122 and 123: Whoever does this work must not onl
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Page 126 and 127: Effective teams will have a plan in
Page 128 and 129: • 83% of the education CSIRTs sha
Page 130 and 131: Figure 14: Attack Sophistication Ve
Page 132 and 133: service managers or customers. Such
Page 134 and 135: As the volume of incident and vulne
Page 136 and 137: enabling better cooperation and ass
Page 138 and 139: 3.9.2 United States Cyber Crime Law
Page 140 and 141: 3.10.1.2 Trusted Introducer for CSI
Page 142 and 143: 3.10.1.5 Asia Pacific Computer Emer
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For more information see: http://ce
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3.10.3.3 Distributed Intrusion Dete
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3.10.5 Research CSIRTs and security
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3.12 Resources 3.12.1 Case Study Ex
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standards for incident handling met
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• management support and trust fr
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We are seeking opportunities to col
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3. If yes, who is that constituency
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. __ Distributed dedicated team (te
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e. __ answering hotline/help desk c
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26. What are your business hours? _
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e. __ Audit or Risk Management Depa
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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Seminars include Intrusion Detectio
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TRANSITS Training Workshop http://w
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Certification Organizations Current
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Article 10 - Offences related to in
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accessing legal implications coordi
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http://thomas.loc.gov/ Bills, Publi
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18 U.S.C. § 1832 - Theft of trade
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http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi
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SecurityFocus Online - Library Comp
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U.S. House of Representatives - Off
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CERT Coordination Center The CERT/C
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CIO/FBI/USSS These are the CIO Cybe
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CIO CYBERTHREAT RESPONSE & REPORTIN
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asic information that is included i
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Department of Justice Computer Crim
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FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
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FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
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CONTRIBUTORS INDUSTRY Peter Allor M
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Nebraska Information Technology Com
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COMPUTER INCIDENT REPORTING SHORT F
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3. Has your agency experienced this
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a. System(s) disconnected from the
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6. (Optional) Updates to policies a
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COMPUTER SECURITY INCIDENT HANDLING
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Steele The Information Assurance Te
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Network Incident Report United Stat
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Details for Probes and Scans Appare
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Details for Unauthorized Access (co
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Van Wyk and Forno In their book Inc
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Bibliography All URLs are valid as
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[Caloyannides 01] Caloyannides, Mic
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[Ferreira 96] Ferreira, Joao Nuno;
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[Kossakowski 00] Kossakowski, Klaus
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[Scalet 02] Scalet, Sarah. “Risk:
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[van Wyk 01] van Wyk, Kenneth R. &
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Index @stake, 157 abnormal network
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CIO, 84, 92 CIRC, 13 CIRT, 13 CISSP
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internal, 14, 92 internal centraliz
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incident handling, 84 reporting, 92
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security, 56, 124 support staff, 73
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incoming information, 74 priority s
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survey, xii, 5, 49, 52, 55, 67, 71,
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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Appr
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