State of the Practice of Computer Security Incident Response Teams ...

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This document provides a view of the current state of the CSIRT practice as we see it. We recognize that as teams form, mature, and expand their services and capabilities, and as the Internet and intruder threats evolve that CSIRTs practices will also evolve. However, we believe this document is a useful representation of information available at this time. We hope that this will provide guidance to those of you who are establishing CSIRTs or looking to benchmark your existing CSIRT. Certainly it will be available as a basis for any further discussion or research on these topics. This document will also provide a general reference for teams, with links and information on CSIRT processes, articles and white papers, training materials, and legal issues. Please note that all information mentioned here is for information purposes only. Inclusion in this report does not constitute an endorsement by the CERT/CC. The material in this report is based on the information we have collected through our own experiences, discussions with and observations of other CSIRTs, research and review of existing publications and literature related to CSIRTs and incident response, and the results of a pilot survey of some existing teams. We want to continue to learn, so if you have comments on this document, or if you want to share your opinions or suggest additions to this document, please contact us. We regularly attend FIRST conferences and teach CSIRT courses, and can be contacted in person or reached as a group by sending email to csirt-info@cert.org. xii CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
Acknowledgements We would like to express our deep appreciation to our colleagues in the incident handling community who either reviewed this document or provided information for inclusion in this document. • Andreas Bunten, DFN-CERT • Andrew Cormack, UKERNA • John Green, JANET-CERT • Cristine Hoepers, NBSO/Brazilian CERT • Yurie Ito, JPCERT Coordination Center • Juan Carlos Guel Lopéz, UNAM-CERT • Rob McMillan, Commonwealth Bank of Australia • Liliana Velásquez Solha, CAIS/RNP, Brazilian Research Network • Moira West-Brown, former team lead for the CERT/CC incident handling team and the CERT CSIRT Development Team They gave us insight, recommendations and suggestions; provided information and resources we would not otherwise have had access to; and generally helped to make this a better document. Thank you all very, very much. We want to thank every organization that completed our pilot survey. Without the representatives from these CSIRTs taking time to complete the survey, we would not have had the initial data presented here. For reasons of confidentiality, we cannot list their names here, but they know who they are and again, we thank you most deeply. We would like to acknowledge and thank the following people for their contributions, support, and assistance in the production of this document. • Barbara Laswell – who never wavered in providing her support, encouragement, and guidance as we set about our research and analysis, and who provided us the time and resources to undertake this work. • Moira West-Brown, Don Stikvoort, and Klaus-Peter Kossakowski – for initially writing the first edition of the Handbook for CSIRTs [West-Brown 03], stimulating our thoughts and inspiring us to take the next steps in our CSIRT development work. CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001 xiii
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Page 22 and 23: Although CSIRTs have been in existe
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Page 32 and 33: ole. This may include providing sec
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3.1.5 Other Trends Other trends we
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Figure 10: Example of Team Sponsors
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service providers, or nation states
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their web pages. This may also be t
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A CSIRT, due to its position, may a
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Malaysia Computer Emergency Respons
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data collection, the use of analysi
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Dittrich goes on to say that a big
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• insider abuse of internal compu
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Making the case to management to ga
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• Security quality management ser
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• perform artifact analysis (66%)
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• Distributed dedicated CSIRTs: 1
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Not surprisingly, in the majority o
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tended team is formed by temporaril
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• audit and risk management speci
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As the field of incident handling a
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promote “higher education in info
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3.7.1 Defining Computer Security In
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3.7.1.1 Security Incident Taxonomy
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• identifying the staff and neces
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Other flow diagrams and charts have
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• Rule #1: Don’t Panic! • Rul
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3.7.5.1 Data Fields Many CSIRTs hav
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formats for exchanging incident dat
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Level/Priority Low Type of Incident
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priority), yellow (cautionary alert
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way, the combined and coordination
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Whoever does this work must not onl
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• staff misuse of company system
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Effective teams will have a plan in
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• 83% of the education CSIRTs sha
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Figure 14: Attack Sophistication Ve
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service managers or customers. Such
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As the volume of incident and vulne
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enabling better cooperation and ass
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3.9.2 United States Cyber Crime Law
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3.10.1.2 Trusted Introducer for CSI
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3.10.1.5 Asia Pacific Computer Emer
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For more information see: http://ce
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3.10.3.3 Distributed Intrusion Dete
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3.10.5 Research CSIRTs and security
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3.12 Resources 3.12.1 Case Study Ex
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standards for incident handling met
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• management support and trust fr
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We are seeking opportunities to col
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3. If yes, who is that constituency
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. __ Distributed dedicated team (te
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e. __ answering hotline/help desk c
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26. What are your business hours? _
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e. __ Audit or Risk Management Depa
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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Seminars include Intrusion Detectio
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TRANSITS Training Workshop http://w
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Certification Organizations Current
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Article 10 - Offences related to in
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accessing legal implications coordi
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http://thomas.loc.gov/ Bills, Publi
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18 U.S.C. § 1832 - Theft of trade
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http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi
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SecurityFocus Online - Library Comp
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U.S. House of Representatives - Off
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CERT Coordination Center The CERT/C
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CIO/FBI/USSS These are the CIO Cybe
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CIO CYBERTHREAT RESPONSE & REPORTIN
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asic information that is included i
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Department of Justice Computer Crim
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FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
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FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
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CONTRIBUTORS INDUSTRY Peter Allor M
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Nebraska Information Technology Com
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COMPUTER INCIDENT REPORTING SHORT F
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3. Has your agency experienced this
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a. System(s) disconnected from the
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6. (Optional) Updates to policies a
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COMPUTER SECURITY INCIDENT HANDLING
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Steele The Information Assurance Te
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Network Incident Report United Stat
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Details for Probes and Scans Appare
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Details for Unauthorized Access (co
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Van Wyk and Forno In their book Inc
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Bibliography All URLs are valid as
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[Caloyannides 01] Caloyannides, Mic
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[Ferreira 96] Ferreira, Joao Nuno;
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[Kossakowski 00] Kossakowski, Klaus
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[Scalet 02] Scalet, Sarah. “Risk:
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[van Wyk 01] van Wyk, Kenneth R. &
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Index @stake, 157 abnormal network
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CIO, 84, 92 CIRC, 13 CIRT, 13 CISSP
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internal, 14, 92 internal centraliz
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incident handling, 84 reporting, 92
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security, 56, 124 support staff, 73
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incoming information, 74 priority s
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survey, xii, 5, 49, 52, 55, 67, 71,
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