State of the Practice of Computer Security Incident Response Teams ...

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TWCERT, 29 TW-CIRC, 29 types of incidents, 103 UNAM-CERT, 30, 31 unauthorized access, 11, 61, 103, 109, 118 United Kingdom, 103 United Nations, 169 United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime, 117 United Nations General Assembly, 117 United States Army, 79 Computer Emergency Response Team, 34 CSIRTs, 19, 33 cyber crime laws, 118 Department of Defense, 80 Department of Defense Information Technology Security Certification and Accreditation Process, 174 Department of Energy, 19, 21 Department of Homeland Security, 34 Department of Justice, 115 Department of Justice, Computer Crime and Intellectual Property Section, 118 Department of National Defence CIRT, 32 Department of the Army Response Team, 21 Department of the Navy, 82 federal laws, 169 federal requirements, 173 Secret Service, 84, 92, 115 state laws, 175 university networks, 52 University of Queensland, The, 27, 63 UNIX, 101 US-CERT, 34 user compromises, 103 van Wyk, K., 92 VBS, 95 Vermont, State of, 82, 85 victims, 105, 130 viruses, 61, 68, 93, 103 Vorfallsbearbeitungssystem, 95 vulnerabilities, 110, 113 vulnerability analysts, 73 assessments, 12, 68 disclosure, 135 handlers, 75 handling, 68, 75 scanning, 68 walk-in reports, 89 WANK, 20, 21 war stories, 130 web defacement, 60 West-Brown, Moira, xiii Williams, Pam, xiv wiretapping, 61 workflows, 134 working groups, 25, 28, 29 workload, 90, 91, 129 worms, 17, 20, 61, 103 xenophobic acts, 116 XML, 25, 122, 123 272 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave Blank) 2. REPORT DATE October 2003 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED Final 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS State of the Practice of Computer Security Incident Response Teams F19628-00-C-0003 (CSIRTs) 6. AUTHOR(S) Georgia Killcrece, Klaus-Peter Kossakowski, Robin Ruefle, Mark Zajicek 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Software Engineering Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) HQ ESC/XPK 5 Eglin Street Hanscom AFB, MA 01731-2116 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY REPORT NUMBER ESC-TR-2003-001 12A DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Unclassified/Unlimited, DTIC, NTIS 13. ABSTRACT (MAXIMUM 200 WORDS) 12B DISTRIBUTION CODE Keeping organizational information assets secure in today’s interconnected computing environment is a challenge that becomes more difficult with each new “e” product and each new intruder tool. There is no one solution for securing information assets; instead a multi-layered security strategy is required. One of the layers that many organizations are including in their strategy today is a computer security incident response team, or CSIRT. This report provides an objective study of the state of the practice of incident response, based on information about how CSIRTs around the world are operating. It covers CSIRT services, projects, processes, structures, and literature, as well as training, legal, and operational issues. The report can serve as a resource both to new teams that are setting up their operations and to existing CSIRTs that are interested in benchmarking their operations. 14. SUBJECT TERMS CSIRT, computer security incident response team, incident handling, incident response, computer emergency response team, incident management, incident response management, CERT/CC, CERT Coordination Center 16. PRICE CODE 15. NUMBER OF PAGES 290 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF REPORT Unclassified 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE Unclassified 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF ABSTRACT Unclassified 20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT NSN 7540-01-280-5500 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89) Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39-18 298-102 UL
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State of the Practice of Computer S
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This report was prepared for the SE
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3.1.3 Total Registered CSIRTs......
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iv CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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vi CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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viii CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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x CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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This document provides a view of th
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• Katherine Fithen for her contin
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xvi CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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Although CSIRTs have been in existe
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ased on a sampling of CSIRTs done v
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future growth. It can also be used
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The participating CSIRTs also repre
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10 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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ole. This may include providing sec
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• Incident response is the action
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Model Coordinating CSIRT Descriptio
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After the worm had been successfull
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2.3.2 The Creation of FIRST In Augu
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Up until this point, only one or tw
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the other teams. Again, the communi
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into a course for new incident hand
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These early teams have become leade
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2.3.5 Initiatives in Latin America
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stituency is the research network a
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In September 2003, the U.S. Departm
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36 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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• There is not one entity for reg
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Table 4 combines the total number o
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In looking at the growth of teams e
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Table 6: North American and Europea
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3.1.5 Other Trends Other trends we
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Figure 10: Example of Team Sponsors
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service providers, or nation states
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their web pages. This may also be t
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A CSIRT, due to its position, may a
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Malaysia Computer Emergency Respons
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data collection, the use of analysi
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Dittrich goes on to say that a big
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• insider abuse of internal compu
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Making the case to management to ga
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• Security quality management ser
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• perform artifact analysis (66%)
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• Distributed dedicated CSIRTs: 1
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Not surprisingly, in the majority o
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tended team is formed by temporaril
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• audit and risk management speci
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As the field of incident handling a
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promote “higher education in info
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3.7.1 Defining Computer Security In
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3.7.1.1 Security Incident Taxonomy
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• identifying the staff and neces
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Other flow diagrams and charts have
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• Rule #1: Don’t Panic! • Rul
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3.7.5.1 Data Fields Many CSIRTs hav
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formats for exchanging incident dat
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Level/Priority Low Type of Incident
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priority), yellow (cautionary alert
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way, the combined and coordination
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Whoever does this work must not onl
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• staff misuse of company system
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Effective teams will have a plan in
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• 83% of the education CSIRTs sha
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Figure 14: Attack Sophistication Ve
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service managers or customers. Such
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As the volume of incident and vulne
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enabling better cooperation and ass
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3.9.2 United States Cyber Crime Law
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3.10.1.2 Trusted Introducer for CSI
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3.10.1.5 Asia Pacific Computer Emer
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For more information see: http://ce
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3.10.3.3 Distributed Intrusion Dete
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3.10.5 Research CSIRTs and security
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3.12 Resources 3.12.1 Case Study Ex
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132 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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standards for incident handling met
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• management support and trust fr
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We are seeking opportunities to col
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140 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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3. If yes, who is that constituency
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. __ Distributed dedicated team (te
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e. __ answering hotline/help desk c
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26. What are your business hours? _
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e. __ Audit or Risk Management Depa
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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Type and Title of Publication Autho
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156 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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Seminars include Intrusion Detectio
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TRANSITS Training Workshop http://w
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Certification Organizations Current
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164 CMU/SEI-2003-TR-001
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Article 10 - Offences related to in
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accessing legal implications coordi
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http://thomas.loc.gov/ Bills, Publi
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18 U.S.C. § 1832 - Theft of trade
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http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi
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SecurityFocus Online - Library Comp
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U.S. House of Representatives - Off
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CERT Coordination Center The CERT/C
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CIO/FBI/USSS These are the CIO Cybe
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CIO CYBERTHREAT RESPONSE & REPORTIN
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asic information that is included i
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Department of Justice Computer Crim
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FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
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FBI & USSS FIELD OFFICES TELEPHONE/
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CONTRIBUTORS INDUSTRY Peter Allor M
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Nebraska Information Technology Com
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COMPUTER INCIDENT REPORTING SHORT F
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3. Has your agency experienced this
Page 241 and 242: a. System(s) disconnected from the
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Page 245 and 246: COMPUTER SECURITY INCIDENT HANDLING
Page 253: Steele The Information Assurance Te
Page 256 and 257: Network Incident Report United Stat
Page 258 and 259: Details for Probes and Scans Appare
Page 260 and 261: Details for Unauthorized Access (co
Page 262: Van Wyk and Forno In their book Inc
Page 267 and 268: Bibliography All URLs are valid as
Page 269 and 270: [Caloyannides 01] Caloyannides, Mic
Page 271 and 272: [Ferreira 96] Ferreira, Joao Nuno;
Page 273 and 274: [Kossakowski 00] Kossakowski, Klaus
Page 275 and 276: [Scalet 02] Scalet, Sarah. “Risk:
Page 277 and 278: [van Wyk 01] van Wyk, Kenneth R. &
Page 279 and 280: Index @stake, 157 abnormal network
Page 281 and 282: CIO, 84, 92 CIRC, 13 CIRT, 13 CISSP
Page 283 and 284: internal, 14, 92 internal centraliz
Page 285 and 286: incident handling, 84 reporting, 92
Page 287 and 288: security, 56, 124 support staff, 73
Page 289 and 290: incoming information, 74 priority s
Page 291: survey, xii, 5, 49, 52, 55, 67, 71,
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