(MERAF) for the Base Metals Smelting Sector - CCME

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Figure 9: Falconbridge Kidd Zinc Plant ZINC CONCENTRATE STACK ZINC CONCENTRATE Tailgas To Atmosphere ROASTING ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATION ACID PLANT PRESSURE LEACHING NEUTRAL LEACHING Sulphuric Acid To Markets THICKENING JAROSITE LEACHING THICKENING Calcine THICKENING To Neutral Leaching FILTRATION OXIDATION COPPER CEMENTATION Zinc Dust Zinc Dust Residue To Impoundment Copper Residue To Copper Smelter 1ST STAGE PURIFICATION 2ND STAGE PURIFICATION Zinc Dust 1st Stage Cake For As and Cu Recovery 2nd Stage Cake For Cd Recovery ELECTROLYSIS MELTING CASTING Refined Zinc To Markets 68
Figure 10: Falconbridge Kidd Copper Smelter FLUX / REVERTS COPPER CONCENTRATES 1 Off-gas SLAG DRYING CRUSHING CONCENTRATE DRYING BAGHOUSE To Atmosphere Dust SMELTING WASTE HEAT BOILER ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR Dust To Indium Plant Dust Tail Gas To Atmosphere Slag SLAG CLEANING To Concentrate Drying 1 ACID PLANT Sulphuric Acid To Markets Copper Matte Liquid SO 2 To Markets Slag CONVERTING WASTE HEAT BOILER Dust Slag To Disposal or Sales ANODE REFINING To Concentrate Drying 1 CASTING SHEARING Copper Anodes To Kidd Copper Refinery Scrap Copper Anodes From Kidd Copper Refinery SCRAP MELTING Offgas To Atmosphere 69
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FINAL REPORT Multi-pollutant Emissi
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Acknowledgments The principal autho
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Summary The purpose of the report i
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• Recommendations to address info
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• The Minerals and Metals Foundat
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The next series of tables illustrat
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1,800.00 1,600.00 1,400.00 1,200.00
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S.4 Current emission management pra
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− The EPA has started developing
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T.1 Technical Options for Emission
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The predicted future releases and t
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Noranda Gaspé Rest of Sector** Sit
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Recommendation #3 It is also recomm
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2.4.8. Leaching ...................
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4.1.11.6. Mercury..................
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Figure 35: 2000 Nickel - Air Emissi
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Table 34: World Bank Guidelines for
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1. Introduction The purpose of the
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strong surrogate for fine particles
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• These sectors are common to mos
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(a) have or may have an immediate o
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2. INDUSTRY PROFILE 2.1. Sector Def
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2.3. Base Metals Smelting Processes
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2.3.1. Pretreatment Pretreatment of
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Metallic impurities either dissolve
Page 55 and 56: 2.4. Environmental Concerns 29 The
Page 57 and 58: sulphur dioxide in the off-gases th
Page 59 and 60: 2.5. Canadian Base Metals Smelters
Page 61 and 62: ammonium sulphate fertilizers. The
Page 63 and 64: The copper smelter uses pyrometallu
Page 65 and 66: copper, zinc, cadmium and indium, a
Page 67 and 68: 2.6.6.2. Noranda Inc., Division CEZ
Page 69 and 70: 2.7. Key Industrial Associations Ex
Page 71 and 72: In terms of tonnage, zinc ranks fir
Page 73 and 74: Table 4: Canadian Base Metals Expor
Page 75 and 76: ased 62 pricing system. In response
Page 77 and 78: The LME has a multi-tiered membersh
Page 79 and 80: The BMSS IT held ten meetings betwe
Page 81 and 82: 3.1.1.2. Smelters Emissions Testing
Page 83 and 84: achieve their commitments, are publ
Page 85 and 86: All the companies mentioned in this
Page 87 and 88: emoved for processing in the Copper
Page 89 and 90: Lead Concentrate Zinc Residue Lead
Page 91 and 92: 3.2.2. Sherritt International Corpo
Page 93 and 94: 3.2.2.5. Cobalt conversion and redu
Page 95 and 96: Figure 4: Sherritt Metals Refinery
Page 97 and 98: The blister copper is then treated
Page 99 and 100: Figure 6: Hudson Bay Mining and Sme
Page 101 and 102: Figure 7: Inco Thompson Nickel Smel
Page 103 and 104: 3.2.5. Falconbridge Limited, Kidd M
Page 105: electrostatic precipitator dust fro
Page 109 and 110: 3.2.6. Falconbridge, Sudbury Divisi
Page 111 and 112: Figure 12: Falconbridge Sudbury Nic
Page 113 and 114: from the fluid bed roasters are tre
Page 115 and 116: Figure 14: Inco Copper Cliff Nickel
Page 117 and 118: 3.2.8. Inco Port Colborne 87 Figure
Page 119 and 120: 3.2.9. Noranda Inc., Horne Smelter,
Page 121 and 122: Figure 17: Noranda Horne Copper Sme
Page 123 and 124: Figure 18: Noranda CEZ Zinc Plant T
Page 125 and 126: Fugitive emissions from the TBRC op
Page 127 and 128: 3.2.12. Noranda Inc., Division Mine
Page 129 and 130: Figure 20: Noranda Gaspé Copper Sm
Page 131 and 132: with water to preserve the environm
Page 133 and 134: 3.3. Analysis of Emissions 3.3.1. T
Page 135 and 136: Table 6: Historical Trends of Total
Page 137 and 138: Table 8: Historical Trends of Arsen
Page 139 and 140: Table 10: Historical Trends of Lead
Page 141 and 142: Table 12: Historical Trends of Nick
Page 143 and 144: 350 300 250 200 150 100 Total Secto
Page 145 and 146: 1,400.00 1,200.00 1,000.00 800.00 6
Page 147 and 148: Table 13: Releases of Dioxins and F
Page 149 and 150: 3.4. Other Current Emissions Inform
Page 151 and 152: Sulphur Dioxide - Air EPI 4500 4000
Page 153 and 154: Cadium - Air EPI 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05
Page 155 and 156: Mercury- Air EPI 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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4. CURRENT EMISSION MANAGEMENT PRAC
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The “Alberta Ambient Air Quality
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4.1.9. New Brunswick New Brunswick
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4.1.11.1. Particulate Matter Table
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Table 15: Canadian Ambient Particul
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Sulphur Dioxide Releases from Coppe
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4.1.11.3. Arsenic Table 18 shows th
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4.1.11.5. Lead Table 22 shows the C
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4.1.11.6. Mercury Table 24 shows th
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4.1.11.7. Nickel Table 26 shows the
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New Source Performance Standards (N
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Table 31: US National Emission Stan
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In the permitting process, faciliti
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Table 34: World Bank Guidelines for
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4.2.4. Australia Air quality is con
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Table 39: Australia/New South Wales
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4.2.5. Japan Environmental quality
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Sulphur dioxide, particulate matter
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Table 47: Germany Particulate Matte
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Table 51: The Netherlands Sulphur D
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Table 53: France Particulate Matter
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The Environment Protection (Prescri
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Table 60: United Kingdom Releases t
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4.2.12. Other European Countries Ta
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4.3. Best Available Techniques for
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4.4. Options and Preliminary Cost E
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plant. It would be possible to inst
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4.4.2. Inco Limited, Thompson Divis
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4.4.3. Falconbridge, Sudbury Divisi
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4.4.4. Inco Limited, Sudbury/Copper
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4.4.5. Noranda Inc., Horne Smelter,
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4.4.6. Noranda Inc., Division Mines
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Table 78: Technical Options for Emi
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Site Option for Reduction By 2008 O
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Site Option for Reduction By 2008 O
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Noranda Horne Site Option for Reduc
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5. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
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Appendix A: Health and Environmenta
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List of Acronyms AAQ AAQC ARET BACT
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UN/ECE URL USEPA VCR VOC United Nat
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at the anode and selectively plates
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Sinter: Slag: Slag cleaning: Top Bl
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(MERAF) for the Base Metals Smelting Sector - CCME

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