(MERAF) for the Base Metals Smelting Sector - CCME

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Nickel- Air EPI 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 Teck Cominco Hudson Bay Inco-Thompson Falconbridge - Kidd Falconbridge - Sudbury Ino - Copper Cliff Inco - Port Colborne Noranda - Horne Noranda - CCR Noranda - CEZ Noranda - Gaspé Noranda - Brunswick FACILITY PRODUCTION RATE (tonnes) 2000 AIR RELEASES (tonnes) Teck Cominco 364,200 N/A N/A Sheritt N/A N/A N/A Hudson Bay Mining & Smelting 153,900 N/A N/A Inco - Thompson 49,441 119.29 2.41 Falconbridge - Kidd 264,361 0.24 0.001 Falconbridge - Sudbury 64,391 13.09 0.20 Inco - Copper Cliff 216,000 241.32 1.12 Inco - Portcolborne 1,472 0.54 0.37 Noranda - Horne 182,352 0.5 0.003 Noranda - CCR 314,600 0.06 0.0002 Noranda - CEZ 263,112 N/A N/A Noranda - Gaspé 115,531 1.71 0.014 Noranda - Brunswick 105,000 N/A N/A EPI (kg/t) Figure 35: 2000 Nickel - Air Emission Performance Indicator 118
4. CURRENT EMISSION MANAGEMENT PRACTICES 4.1. Emission Management Practices, Legislation, Standards and Regulations Across Canada 102,103 This section documents the Canadian federal, provincial, and local regulations and environmental performance requirements that apply to the Canadian Base Metals Smelting Sector. A brief description of the regulations is presented followed by a series of tables showing the release limits and the ambient air quality criteria for each specific pollutant. 4.1.1. Federal The Canadian Environmental Protection Act,1999 104 (CEPA) is the central statute used by the federal government in regulating the generation, use, or release into the environment of toxic substances. The Secondary Lead Smelter Release Regulations 105 (SLSRR) under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 establish concentration limits for emissions of lead in particulate matter as well as procedures for sampling, analysis and reporting. The National Pollutant Release Inventory 106 (NPRI) gathers and provides information on releases to air, water and land of specified substances. For the 2000 reporting year, there are 268 substances listed in the NPRI, 55 of which are CEPA toxic substances. Facilities meeting the reporting requirements are required to submit annual reports. National Ambient Air Quality Objectives 107 (NAAQOs) were established by the federal government in the early 1970s. These objectives were established to protect human health and the environment by setting limits for the following common air pollutants: carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, sulphur dioxide and total suspended particulates. The National Air Pollution Surveillance 102 Hatch Associates, Review of Environmental Releases for the Base Metals Smelting Sector, Appendix B, Canadian Environmental Standards, prepared for Environment Canada, dated November 2000 103 Hatch Associates, Proposed Emissions Standards for Particulate Matter and Sulphur Dioxide for the Base Metals Smelting Sector, Appendix A, Canadian Environmental Standards, prepared for Environment Canada, dated May 2002 104 Canadian Environmental Protection Act 1999. URL: http://www.ec.gc.ca/ceparegistry/the_act/download/cepa_full_en.htm 105 Environment Canada, CEPA Registry. URL: http://www.ec.gc.ca/CEPARegistry/regulations/ 106 Environment Canada, National Pollutant Release Inventory. URL: http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/npri/npri_home_e.cfm 107 Environment Canada, Environmental Technology Centre. URL: http://www.etcentre.org/divisions/aaqd/english/aqfact_e.html 119
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FINAL REPORT Multi-pollutant Emissi
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Acknowledgments The principal autho
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Summary The purpose of the report i
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• Recommendations to address info
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• The Minerals and Metals Foundat
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The next series of tables illustrat
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1,800.00 1,600.00 1,400.00 1,200.00
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S.4 Current emission management pra
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− The EPA has started developing
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T.1 Technical Options for Emission
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The predicted future releases and t
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Noranda Gaspé Rest of Sector** Sit
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Recommendation #3 It is also recomm
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2.4.8. Leaching ...................
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4.1.11.6. Mercury..................
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Figure 35: 2000 Nickel - Air Emissi
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Table 34: World Bank Guidelines for
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1. Introduction The purpose of the
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strong surrogate for fine particles
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• These sectors are common to mos
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(a) have or may have an immediate o
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2. INDUSTRY PROFILE 2.1. Sector Def
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2.3. Base Metals Smelting Processes
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2.3.1. Pretreatment Pretreatment of
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Metallic impurities either dissolve
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2.4. Environmental Concerns 29 The
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sulphur dioxide in the off-gases th
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2.5. Canadian Base Metals Smelters
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ammonium sulphate fertilizers. The
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The copper smelter uses pyrometallu
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copper, zinc, cadmium and indium, a
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2.6.6.2. Noranda Inc., Division CEZ
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2.7. Key Industrial Associations Ex
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In terms of tonnage, zinc ranks fir
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Table 4: Canadian Base Metals Expor
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ased 62 pricing system. In response
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The LME has a multi-tiered membersh
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The BMSS IT held ten meetings betwe
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3.1.1.2. Smelters Emissions Testing
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achieve their commitments, are publ
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All the companies mentioned in this
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emoved for processing in the Copper
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Lead Concentrate Zinc Residue Lead
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3.2.2. Sherritt International Corpo
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3.2.2.5. Cobalt conversion and redu
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Figure 4: Sherritt Metals Refinery
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The blister copper is then treated
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Figure 6: Hudson Bay Mining and Sme
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Figure 7: Inco Thompson Nickel Smel
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3.2.5. Falconbridge Limited, Kidd M
Page 105 and 106: electrostatic precipitator dust fro
Page 107 and 108: Figure 10: Falconbridge Kidd Copper
Page 109 and 110: 3.2.6. Falconbridge, Sudbury Divisi
Page 111 and 112: Figure 12: Falconbridge Sudbury Nic
Page 113 and 114: from the fluid bed roasters are tre
Page 115 and 116: Figure 14: Inco Copper Cliff Nickel
Page 117 and 118: 3.2.8. Inco Port Colborne 87 Figure
Page 119 and 120: 3.2.9. Noranda Inc., Horne Smelter,
Page 121 and 122: Figure 17: Noranda Horne Copper Sme
Page 123 and 124: Figure 18: Noranda CEZ Zinc Plant T
Page 125 and 126: Fugitive emissions from the TBRC op
Page 127 and 128: 3.2.12. Noranda Inc., Division Mine
Page 129 and 130: Figure 20: Noranda Gaspé Copper Sm
Page 131 and 132: with water to preserve the environm
Page 133 and 134: 3.3. Analysis of Emissions 3.3.1. T
Page 135 and 136: Table 6: Historical Trends of Total
Page 137 and 138: Table 8: Historical Trends of Arsen
Page 139 and 140: Table 10: Historical Trends of Lead
Page 141 and 142: Table 12: Historical Trends of Nick
Page 143 and 144: 350 300 250 200 150 100 Total Secto
Page 145 and 146: 1,400.00 1,200.00 1,000.00 800.00 6
Page 147 and 148: Table 13: Releases of Dioxins and F
Page 149 and 150: 3.4. Other Current Emissions Inform
Page 151 and 152: Sulphur Dioxide - Air EPI 4500 4000
Page 153 and 154: Cadium - Air EPI 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05
Page 155: Mercury- Air EPI 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Page 159 and 160: The “Alberta Ambient Air Quality
Page 161 and 162: 4.1.9. New Brunswick New Brunswick
Page 163 and 164: 4.1.11.1. Particulate Matter Table
Page 165 and 166: Table 15: Canadian Ambient Particul
Page 167 and 168: Sulphur Dioxide Releases from Coppe
Page 169 and 170: 4.1.11.3. Arsenic Table 18 shows th
Page 171 and 172: 4.1.11.5. Lead Table 22 shows the C
Page 173 and 174: 4.1.11.6. Mercury Table 24 shows th
Page 175 and 176: 4.1.11.7. Nickel Table 26 shows the
Page 177 and 178: New Source Performance Standards (N
Page 179 and 180: Table 31: US National Emission Stan
Page 181 and 182: In the permitting process, faciliti
Page 183 and 184: Table 34: World Bank Guidelines for
Page 185 and 186: 4.2.4. Australia Air quality is con
Page 187 and 188: Table 39: Australia/New South Wales
Page 189 and 190: 4.2.5. Japan Environmental quality
Page 191 and 192: Sulphur dioxide, particulate matter
Page 193 and 194: Table 47: Germany Particulate Matte
Page 195 and 196: Table 51: The Netherlands Sulphur D
Page 197 and 198: Table 53: France Particulate Matter
Page 199 and 200: The Environment Protection (Prescri
Page 201 and 202: Table 60: United Kingdom Releases t
Page 203 and 204: 4.2.12. Other European Countries Ta
Page 205 and 206: 4.3. Best Available Techniques for
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4.4. Options and Preliminary Cost E
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plant. It would be possible to inst
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4.4.2. Inco Limited, Thompson Divis
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4.4.3. Falconbridge, Sudbury Divisi
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4.4.4. Inco Limited, Sudbury/Copper
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4.4.5. Noranda Inc., Horne Smelter,
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4.4.6. Noranda Inc., Division Mines
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Table 78: Technical Options for Emi
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Site Option for Reduction By 2008 O
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Site Option for Reduction By 2008 O
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Noranda Horne Site Option for Reduc
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5. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
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Appendix A: Health and Environmenta
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List of Acronyms AAQ AAQC ARET BACT
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UN/ECE URL USEPA VCR VOC United Nat
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at the anode and selectively plates
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Sinter: Slag: Slag cleaning: Top Bl
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