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a b c d Figure 2. Variations at different sample sites at Admiralty Bay during the December 2010 survey (mean values): a) salinity and temperature; b) total and fractionate chlorophyll a concentrations; c) pico and ultraplankton densities; and d) microphytoplankton density and contribution of main groups to microphytoplankton temperatures measured in the present study were higher than those registered for early summer in previous studies, when negative values were usually registered for December. In a different way to those related in previous studies, the centric diatoms Thalassiosira spp. dominated in early summer 2010/2011. Lange et al. (2011) described this genera as one of predominant microalgae during late summer 2002/2003, while in early summer usually pennate diatoms were dominant. Densities of pico and ultraplanktonic fraction of autotrophic community were similar (~10 6 cells L –1 ) to those observed in a previous study during the late summer 2009/2010 (Tenenbaum et al., 2011a), and were co-dominant of the phytoplankton community in Admiralty Bay. The densities of picoautotrophs were also in the same range of the values observed in other Antarctic regions (Delille et al., 2007). In the nearshore coastal waters along the Antarctic Peninsula, a recurrent shift in phytoplankton community structure, from diatoms to cryptophytes, has been documented due to high temperatures along the Peninsula increasing the extent of coastal melt-water zones promoting seasonal prevalence of cryptophytes (Moline et al., 2004). Even the dominance of pico and ultra-size cells in phytoplankton, which are not grazed efficiently by Antarctic krill, will likely cause a shift in the spatial distribution of krill and may allow also for the rapid asexual proliferation of carbon poor gelatinous zooplankton, salps in particular (Moline et al., 2004), our results show that microphytoplankton biomass (>10 µm), especially diatoms, represent a high percentage of total phytoplankton biomass. Conclusion In the context of the regional warming trend of WAP, results of the present study showed a shift in Admiralty Bay plankton community in relation to the study developed during the austral summer 2009/2010, when contribution of diatoms decreased and low microplankton densities, dominance of dinoflagellates, mainly heterotrophs, and high contribution of autotrophs pico- and ultraplankton to total density and biomass in late summer, suggested that changes could be occurring in Admiralty Bay food web. On the other hand, the dominance of a large diatom community and the 104 | Annual Activity Report 2011
increasing of microphytoplankton densities, indicate that it is necessary to continue the long-term monitoring program and the implementation of microvariation sampling effort to identify the factors that are actually influencing phytoplankton populations in this environment. Acknowledgements This work integrates the National Institute of Science and Technology Antarctic Environmental Research (INCT- APA) that receive scientific and financial supports of the National Council for Research and Development (CNPq n° 574018/2008-5) and Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ n° E-16/170.023/2008). The authors also acknowledge the support of the Brazilian Ministries of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI), of Environment (MMA), Inter-Ministry Commission for Sea Resources (CIRM) and Marine Organic Chemical Laboratory of the Oceanographic Institute of Sao Paulo University (LabQOM-IOUSP). References Delille, D. (2004). Abundance and function of bacteria in the Southern Ocean. Cellular and Molecular Biology, 50:543–551 Delille, D.; Gleizon, F. & Delille, B. (2007). Spatial and temporal variations of bacteria and phytoplankton in a subAntarctic coastal area (Kerguelen Archipelago). Journal of Marine Systems, 68(3-4):366-380 Kopczynska, E.E. (2008). Phytoplankton variability in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, South Shetland Islands: six years of monitoring. Polish Polar Research, 29(2):117-139. Lange, P.K.; Tenenbaum, D.R.; Braga, E.S.B. & Campos, L.S. (2007). Microphytoplankton assemblages in shallow waters at Admiralty Bay (King George Island, Antarctica) during the summer 2002-2003. Polar Biology, 30:1483-1492. Marshall, G.J.; Lagun, V. & Lachlan-Cope, T.A. (2002). Changes in Antarctic Peninsula tropospheric temperatures from 1956 to 1999: a synthesis of observations and reanalysis data. International Journal of Climatology, 22:291-310. Martinussen, I. & Thingstad. T.F. (1991). A simple double-staining method for enumeration of autotrophic and heterotrophic nano- and picoplankton. Marine Microbial Food Webs, 5:5-11. Moline, M.A.; Claustre, H.; Frazer, T.K.; Schofield, O. & Vernet, M. (2004). Alteration of the food web along the Antarctic Peninsula in response to a regional warming trend. Global Change Biology, 10:1973-1980. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365- 2486.2004.00825.x Moura, R.B. (2009). Estudo taxonômico dos Holothuroidea (Echinodermata) das Ilhas Shetland do Sul e do Estreito de Bransfield, Antártica. Dissertação de Mestrado, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Neveux, J. & Lantoine, F. (1993). Spectrofluorometric assay of chlorophylls and phaeopigments using the least squares approximation technique. Deep-Sea Research I, 40(9):1747-1765. Platt, T.; Broomhead, D.S.; Sathyendranath, S.; Edwards, A.M. & Murphy, E.J. (2003). Phytoplankton biomass and residual nitrate in the pelagic ecosystem. Proceedings of the Royal Society A, 459:1063-1073. Rakusa-Suszczewski, S. (1980) Environmental conditions and the functioning of Admiralty Bay (South Shetland Islands) as part of the near shore Antarctic ecosystem. Polish Polar Research 1(1):11-27. Rakusa-Suszczewski, S.; Mietus, M. & Piasecki, J. (1993) Weather and climate. In: Rakusa-Suszczewski, S. (Ed) The maritime coastal ecosystem of Admiralty Bay. Department of Antarctic Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw. Tenenbaum, D.R.; Barrera-Alba, J.J.; Duarte, R.D. & Tenório, M.B. (2011a). Plankton Structure of shallow coastal zone at Admiralty Bay, King George Island, West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP): pico, nano and microplankton and chlorophyll biomass. Annual Activity Report 2010. INCT-APA, 2:108-114. Tenenbaum, D.R., Lange, P. Barrera-Alba, J.J., Fernandes, L.F., Calixto, M. & Garcia, V.M.T. (2011b). Plankton Structure of shallow coastal zone at Admiralty Bay, King George Island, West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP): composition of phytoplankton and influence of benthic diatoms. Annual Activity Report 2010. INCT-APA, 2 121-125. Utermöhl, H. (1958). Zur Vervollkommung der quantitativen methodik. Mitteilungen der Internationale Vereinigung für Teoretische und Angewandte Limnologie, 9:1-38. Science Highlights - Thematic Area 3 | 105
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Annual Activity Report 2011 Expedie
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Cataloguing Card I59a Annual Activi
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PRESENTATION National Institute of
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6 | Annual Activity Report 2011
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Thematic Research Areas The Researc
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introduction Advances In Brazilian
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of soil contamination. At present,
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THEMATIC AREA 1 ANTARCTIC ATMOSPHER
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One of the most important propertie
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1 ATMOSPHERIC CHANGES OBSERVED IN A
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the F2 layer critical frequency par
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with the Gleissberg cycle (~90 year
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2 MESOSPHERIC GRAVITY WAVES OBSERVE
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of 2011 (now under analysis). The h
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3 SYNOPTIC WEATHER SYSTEM ASSOCIATE
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a b c Figure 2. Wind field daily av
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4 INFLUENCE OF THE ANTARCTIC OZONE
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and New Zealand (Brinksma et al., 1
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of Science, Technology and Innovati
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a b Figure 1. South tower of the Br
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a b c d e f g Figure 3. Diurnal var
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and infrared gas analyzer were setu
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THEMATIC AREA 2 IMPACT OF GLOBAL CH
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were widespread, reaching latitudes
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GPS to reference the points in an a
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Figure 2 can suggest that the 6 pat
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Page 58 and 59: References Bednarek-Ochyra, H.; Van
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Page 66 and 67: Figure 1. The most frequent moss fo
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Page 70 and 71: of apothecia or perithecia) were ma
Page 72 and 73: Acknowledgements This work integrat
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Page 76 and 77: completely smooth hymenophore (Ager
Page 78 and 79: Results The average SOI presented a
Page 80 and 81: Table 1. ANCOVA results of demograp
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Page 86 and 87: 9 Population fluctuation of Pygosce
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Page 92 and 93: December and January) with a Repeat
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Page 98 and 99: 1 TEMPERATURE, SALINITY, PH, DISSOL
Page 100 and 101: Results In Table 1 we show the ocea
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Page 108 and 109: 3 SUMMER VARIATION OF ZOOPLANKTON C
Page 110 and 111: a b Figure 2. Mean numbers of holop
Page 112 and 113: Discussion Larval forms are common
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Page 116 and 117: Presence of C. perfringens in DCRM
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Page 124 and 125: Fourteen n-alkanols were identified
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Page 128 and 129: treatment procedures that clean the
Page 130 and 131: Figure 2. Fecal sterols in marine s
Page 132 and 133: 7 FRACTIONATION OF TRACE METALS AND
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Page 136 and 137: the National Council for Research a
Page 138 and 139: of humans (Bargagli et al., 1998).
Page 140 and 141: Farías, S.; Smichowski, P.; Velez,
Page 142 and 143: Materials and Methods In Admiralty
Page 144 and 145: stations. This alteration acts as a
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(Steneck et al., 2002), consisting
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Munnidae, Plakarthidae, Jaeropsidae
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13 TRACKING NON-NATIVE SPECIES IN T
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Table 1. Percentage of records in t
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References Carlton, J.T. (2009). De
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liverworts, lichens, algaes (Smykla
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a b c d Figure 2. Taxonomic details
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McInnes, S.J.; Chown, S.L.; Dartnal
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THEMATIC AREA 4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAG
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1 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NOISE AND PS
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a b Figure 1. EACF acoustic mapping
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increases to 55 dB (A) the speech r
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2 ANALYSIS OF INDOOR ALDEHYDES IN T
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filtered and stored in vials, below
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formaldehyde concentration too. Des
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3 RESULTS OF THE INTERNAL AUDIT IN
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Figure 1. Requirements of ISO 14.00
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4 BIOREMEDIATION OF THE DIESEL-CONT
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Figure 1. Soil sampling points in t
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Bacteria a Archaea b c Microeukaryo
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EDUCATION AND OUTREACH ACTIVITIES D
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Informative and educational materia
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6. T-shirts: for each exhibition, t
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FACTS AND FIGURES Human Resources:
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publications Papers Bageston, J.V.;
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Fanticele, F. B. Avaliação de con
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e-mails inct - apa reserach team Th
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Dr. Márcia Caruso Bícego (IOUSP)
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Tecnologista Heber Passos (INPE/INC
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Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Te
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