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3 SUMMER VARIATION OF ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY ON COASTAL ENVIRONMENT OF ADMIRALTY BAY, KING GEORGE ISLAND, ANTARCTICA Yargos Kern 1,* , Karin Lutke Elbers 2 , Andrea Cancela da Cruz-Kaled 2 , Rolf Roland Weber 2 , Theresinha Monteiro Absher 1 1 Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná – UFPR, Av. Beira-Mar, s/n, CP 50002, CEP 83255-971, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil 2 Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Salas 139/133B, CEP 05508-120, São Paulo, SP, Brazil *e-mail: ykern@cem.ufpr.br Abstract: This study aims to provide data on the abundance and distribution of zooplankton related to oceanographic parameters of the coastal environment of Admiralty Bay. In December 2009, during the XXVIII Brazilian Expedition, biological samples and physic-chemical data were obtained in four shallow areas, located in front of research stations and a reference area at Botany Point. A total of 15,882 organisms were sorted from 55 samples resulting in a total density of 3.03 organisms/100 m 3 . Nineteen taxa were identified. The most abundant holoplanktonic organism was copepods and meroplanktonic was echinoderms. The PCA analysis emphasized the importance of phosphate and dissolved oxygen for holoplankton, as nitrite and water temperature for the meroplankton during the four days of sampling. Keywords: holoplankton, meroplankton, monitoring, Admiralty Bay Introduction Zooplankton is a component of the plankton constituted by a diversified group of organisms that live in the water column of the oceans. They have an important role in the recycling of nutrients and are divided in two groups: Holoplankton (stay in the plankton during all their life cycle) and Meroplankton (in the plankton during a part of their life cycle). Some zooplanktonic organisms are considered good hydrological indicators (Boltovskoy, 1981), enabling the identification of different sources of water inputs that comprise the dynamic of an area. Montu & Cordeiro (1986) accomplished the first Brazilian study on the Antarctic zooplankton in the summer of 1982/1983 during the First Brazilian Scientific Expedition to Antarctica. Freire et al. (1993) and Santos (1995) studied the zooplankton of Admiralty Bay, Subsequent scientific works by the Antarctic Brazilian program concentrated mainly in the meroplankton (Absher et. al., 2003; Freire et al., 2006). In Admiralty Bay, with the beginning of the austral summer (November-March), starts the supply of larvae or juveniles from the water column or sediment adjacent regions (Freire et al., 2006). The lower variability in temperature and salinity favor an environment with almost no barriers to larval dispersal however is limited by the type of reproduction. With the purpose to contribute to the monitoring program INCT- APA - Thematic Module 3, this study aims to provide data on the abundance and distribution of zooplankton related to oceanographic parameters of the coastal environment of Admiralty Bay. Materials and Methods The samples were collected from four shallow areas near research stations and one reference area at Botany Point, in the days 11, 15, 23 and 12/29/2009 (Figure 1). 106 | Annual Activity Report 2011
Plankton samples were collected in three replicates in all stations from five minutes oblique tows at 2 knots from the sea bottom (30 m) to the water surface. A conical net with a 150 µm mesh size and 60 cm diameter equipped with a flowmeter was used. Samples were preserved in 4% buffered formaldehyde. Zooplankton organisms were identified in high taxonomic levels and separated in meroplankton or holoplankton. The values have been corrected to a standard 100 m 3 . In order to evaluate the community structure of zooplankton in relation to oceanographic dynamics the following characteristic of the water were determined: water temperature (°C), salinity, transparency (m), dissolved oxygen (DO – mL L –1 ), pH, phosphate (PO 4 – μmol L –1 ), silicate (SiO 4 – μmol L –1 ), nitrite (NO 2 – μmol L –1 ) and nitrate (NO 3 – μmol L –1 ). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the statistical difference in the density and diversity of taxa among sampling days and stations. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on a correlation matrix was applied to the data of abundance, spatial distribution of zooplankton and environmental data. When appropriate a log (x + 1) transformation was employed. Results Fifty five samples were collected during the period and a total of 15,882 zooplankton organisms were sorted. The total volume of sampled water was approximately 5,238 m 3 , resulting in a total density of 3.03 organisms.100m -3 . Mean numbers of holoplankton are shown in Figure 2a. Copepods dominated in the majority of stations and dates. The average abundance was nearly constant among stations during the Figure 1. Location of sampling stations in Admiralty Bay (crosses) and research stations (black squares). Science Highlights - Thematic Area 3 | 107
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Annual Activity Report 2011 Expedie
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Cataloguing Card I59a Annual Activi
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PRESENTATION National Institute of
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6 | Annual Activity Report 2011
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Thematic Research Areas The Researc
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introduction Advances In Brazilian
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of soil contamination. At present,
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THEMATIC AREA 1 ANTARCTIC ATMOSPHER
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One of the most important propertie
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1 ATMOSPHERIC CHANGES OBSERVED IN A
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the F2 layer critical frequency par
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with the Gleissberg cycle (~90 year
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2 MESOSPHERIC GRAVITY WAVES OBSERVE
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of 2011 (now under analysis). The h
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3 SYNOPTIC WEATHER SYSTEM ASSOCIATE
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a b c Figure 2. Wind field daily av
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4 INFLUENCE OF THE ANTARCTIC OZONE
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and New Zealand (Brinksma et al., 1
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of Science, Technology and Innovati
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a b Figure 1. South tower of the Br
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a b c d e f g Figure 3. Diurnal var
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and infrared gas analyzer were setu
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THEMATIC AREA 2 IMPACT OF GLOBAL CH
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were widespread, reaching latitudes
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GPS to reference the points in an a
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Figure 2 can suggest that the 6 pat
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Materials and Methods Phytossociolo
Page 58 and 59: References Bednarek-Ochyra, H.; Van
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Page 68 and 69: Olech, M. (1996). Human impact on t
Page 70 and 71: of apothecia or perithecia) were ma
Page 72 and 73: Acknowledgements This work integrat
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Page 76 and 77: completely smooth hymenophore (Ager
Page 78 and 79: Results The average SOI presented a
Page 80 and 81: Table 1. ANCOVA results of demograp
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Page 98 and 99: 1 TEMPERATURE, SALINITY, PH, DISSOL
Page 100 and 101: Results In Table 1 we show the ocea
Page 102 and 103: Robakiewicz, M. & Rakusa-Suszczewsk
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Page 106 and 107: a b c d Figure 2. Variations at dif
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Page 112 and 113: Discussion Larval forms are common
Page 114 and 115: 4 ASSESSMENT OF FAECAL POLLUTION IN
Page 116 and 117: Presence of C. perfringens in DCRM
Page 118 and 119: Figure 3. Most probable number and
Page 120 and 121: Leclerc, H.; Mossel, D. A.; Trinel.
Page 122 and 123: Figure 1. Map of the study region w
Page 124 and 125: Fourteen n-alkanols were identified
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Page 128 and 129: treatment procedures that clean the
Page 130 and 131: Figure 2. Fecal sterols in marine s
Page 132 and 133: 7 FRACTIONATION OF TRACE METALS AND
Page 134 and 135: a b Figure 1. Trace element mobile
Page 136 and 137: the National Council for Research a
Page 138 and 139: of humans (Bargagli et al., 1998).
Page 140 and 141: Farías, S.; Smichowski, P.; Velez,
Page 142 and 143: Materials and Methods In Admiralty
Page 144 and 145: stations. This alteration acts as a
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Page 148 and 149: higher than ECO and PP, where as to
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Munnidae, Plakarthidae, Jaeropsidae
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13 TRACKING NON-NATIVE SPECIES IN T
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Table 1. Percentage of records in t
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References Carlton, J.T. (2009). De
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liverworts, lichens, algaes (Smykla
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a b c d Figure 2. Taxonomic details
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McInnes, S.J.; Chown, S.L.; Dartnal
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THEMATIC AREA 4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAG
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1 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NOISE AND PS
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a b Figure 1. EACF acoustic mapping
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increases to 55 dB (A) the speech r
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2 ANALYSIS OF INDOOR ALDEHYDES IN T
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filtered and stored in vials, below
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formaldehyde concentration too. Des
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3 RESULTS OF THE INTERNAL AUDIT IN
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Figure 1. Requirements of ISO 14.00
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4 BIOREMEDIATION OF THE DIESEL-CONT
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Figure 1. Soil sampling points in t
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Bacteria a Archaea b c Microeukaryo
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EDUCATION AND OUTREACH ACTIVITIES D
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Informative and educational materia
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6. T-shirts: for each exhibition, t
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FACTS AND FIGURES Human Resources:
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publications Papers Bageston, J.V.;
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Fanticele, F. B. Avaliação de con
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e-mails inct - apa reserach team Th
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Dr. Márcia Caruso Bícego (IOUSP)
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Tecnologista Heber Passos (INPE/INC
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Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Te
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