1 - Instituto de Biologia da UFRJ

More documents

Recommendations

Info

these two types of sewage markers, the LABs show a potential to be a more specific sewage marker, since their detectable values were only found close to the EACF sewage (Martins et al., in this volume). The sterols can also be used in historic analysis of the contribution of the different forms of organic material (marine, terrestrial, anthropic) to the sediment, thus assisting in the evaluation of temporal variations of the biogeochemical processes (Wisnieski et al., in this volume). Among the marine habitats that can be affected by human activities or even by climate change, the intertidal zone is the first to suffer from those environmental alterations. The most conspicuous organism in this region is the gastropod Nacella concinna, which has been considered to be a sentinel species due to its capacity to accumulate metals (Ahn et al., 2002) or to be sensitive to the effect of pollutants (Ansaldo et al., 2005). Up till now, no significant anthropic effect was found in the populations that inhabit Admiralty Bay, despite a certain accumulation of heavy metals found in the species, as well as in a number of benthic invertebrates in the region (Majer et al., in this volume). However, studies with biochemical biomarkers reveal a sensibility of several enzymes in this organism, such as arginases, phosphofructokinase and catalase, to increasing concentrations of diesel oil (Feijó de Oliveira et al., in this volume), reinforcing the importance of control methods for the prevention of oil leaks into the marine environment of the region. Even in the sublittoral zone, in water depths of less than 20-30m, some effect of the effluent of the Station can be noticed (Montone et al., in press). Fish and benthic invertebrates undergo alterations over the time, when submitted to chronic (sewage) or acute impacts (oil leakages, for example). Among the fish, most of the nothotenioids are endemic to Antarctica, which increases the ecological importance in terms of preservation and conservation of the marine environment. Through the usage of biochemical and histological biomarkers, possible alterations in those fishes can be detected. The histological analysis of the fishes N. coriiceps and N. rossi showed some changes in the liver and gills which are still of low occurrence, not affecting the functionality of their organs and as consequence, not having any lethal significance (Donatti et al., in this volume). The same seems to occur with the analyses of the plasmatic composition of these fish, with variation of glucose, tryglicerides, cholesterol, total protein and albumins more related to local physical and chemical differences than to anthropic ones (Rodrigues Junior et al., in this volume). For the benthic macroinfauna, the main changes occur in the abundance and dominance of species in a range of 200m from EACF (Montone et al., in press). In spite of the presence of metals in the sediment, analyses considering the mobility of some of these metals, revealed that just Arsenic and Copper show values that could represent some risk to the biota (Ribeiro et al., in this volume), emphasising the importance of evaluating the bioavailability of these substances in order to evaluate the real effect on marine organisms. One of the greatest threats to Antarctic marine biodiversity, with a high degree of endemism, is the introduction of exotic species, whether through human action or through the increase of the temperature of the oceans, allowing the spread of Sub-Antarctic species to the Antarctic region. The potential of bioinvasion in the Antarctic environment is directly related to the increase of human activities in the region, especially those related to the increase in the traffic of vessels, one of the main vectors in the introduction of species in the marine environment. A recent survey (Rocha et al., in this volume) indicated an intensification of human activities, such as tourism, fishing for Krill and scientific activity on King George Island, in the last five years, which could represent a greater risk of introduction of exotic species. In this context, a study of the local biodiversity is important to get to know the degree of vulnerability of the Antarctic marine biota to invasions of exotic species in the future. Despite recent efforts related to the marine benthic species inventory in Admiralty Bay (Siciński et al., 2011), there is still a lot to do regarding the comprehensive knowledge of the marine biodiversity of the region. Recent data regarding the composition of the associated macrofauna to the kelp Himantothallus grandiflorius (Campos et al., in this volume), for example, revealed an abundant and diverse biota, composed mainly of amphipods and lophophorates, which still need taxonomic refinement and which could add new species or new records to this region. Apart from the latter, the interaction between the 94 | Annual Activity Report 2011
terrestrial and marine environment takes place through the collaboration of researchers who study the biodiversity of the two environments in an integrated way. The phytal fauna, for example, is studied not only in terms of marine environment, but also in the terrestrial environment, as in the study of the associated meiofauna of Prasiola crispa, (Dalto et al., in this volume), which is quite abundant in the proximities of the penguin colonies of Arctowski Polish Station. The results show a biota dominated by Tardigrades and Nematode, which in the same way as in the marine environment, can add an expressive number of species to the biological inventory of Admiralty Bay. References Ahn, I.Y.; Kim, K.W. & Choi, H.J. (2002). A baseline study on metal concentrations in the Antarctic limpet Nacella concinna (Gastropoda, Patellidae) on King George Island: variation in sex and body parties. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 44: 424-431. Ansaldo, M.; Najle, R. & Luquet, C.M. (2005). Oxidative stress generated by diesel seawater contamination in the digestive gland of the Antarctic limpet Nacella concinna. Marine Environmental Research, 59: 381-390. Montone, R.C.; Alvarez, C.E.; Bícego, M.C.; Braga, E.E.; Brito, T.A.S.; Campos, L.S.; Carelli, R.F.; Castro, B.M.; Corbisier, T.N.; Evangelista, H.; Francelino, M.; Gomes, V.; Ito, R.G.; Lavrado, H.P.; Leme, N.P.; Mahiques, M.M.; Martins, C.C.; Nakayama, C.R.; Ngan, P.V.; Pellizari, V.P.; Pereira, A.B.; Petti, M.A.V.; Sander, M.; Schaefer, C.G.E.R. & Weber, R.R. (In press). Environmental Assessment of Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica. p 157-175 In: Verde C. & di Prisco, G. Adaptation and Evolution in Marine Environment, From Pole to Pole. Berlim: Springer-Verlag. vol. 2. Siciński, J.; Jażdżewski, K.; De Broyer, C.; Ligowski, R.; Presler, P.; Nonato, E.F.; Corbisier, T.N.; Petti M.A.V.; Brito, T.A.S.; Lavrado, H.P.; Błażewicz-Paszkowycz, M.; Pabis, K.; Jażdżewska, A. & Campos, L.S. (2011). Admiralty Bay Benthos Diversity: a longterm census. Census of Antarctic Marine Life special volume. Deep-Sea Research II, 58:30-48. Science Highlights - Thematic Area 3 | 95
Page 2 and 3:
Annual Activity Report 2011 Expedie
Page 4 and 5:
Cataloguing Card I59a Annual Activi
Page 6 and 7:
PRESENTATION National Institute of
Page 8 and 9:
6 | Annual Activity Report 2011
Page 10 and 11:
Thematic Research Areas The Researc
Page 12 and 13:
introduction Advances In Brazilian
Page 14:
of soil contamination. At present,
Page 18 and 19:
THEMATIC AREA 1 ANTARCTIC ATMOSPHER
Page 20 and 21:
One of the most important propertie
Page 22 and 23:
1 ATMOSPHERIC CHANGES OBSERVED IN A
Page 24 and 25:
the F2 layer critical frequency par
Page 26 and 27:
with the Gleissberg cycle (~90 year
Page 28 and 29:
2 MESOSPHERIC GRAVITY WAVES OBSERVE
Page 30 and 31:
of 2011 (now under analysis). The h
Page 32 and 33:
3 SYNOPTIC WEATHER SYSTEM ASSOCIATE
Page 34 and 35:
a b c Figure 2. Wind field daily av
Page 36 and 37:
4 INFLUENCE OF THE ANTARCTIC OZONE
Page 38 and 39:
and New Zealand (Brinksma et al., 1
Page 40 and 41:
of Science, Technology and Innovati
Page 42 and 43:
a b Figure 1. South tower of the Br
Page 44 and 45:
a b c d e f g Figure 3. Diurnal var
Page 46 and 47: and infrared gas analyzer were setu
Page 48 and 49: THEMATIC AREA 2 IMPACT OF GLOBAL CH
Page 50 and 51: were widespread, reaching latitudes
Page 52 and 53: GPS to reference the points in an a
Page 54 and 55: Figure 2 can suggest that the 6 pat
Page 56 and 57: Materials and Methods Phytossociolo
Page 58 and 59: References Bednarek-Ochyra, H.; Van
Page 60 and 61: level and parent material); vegetat
Page 62 and 63: the soil organic matter levels. The
Page 64 and 65: 4 CONSERVATION STATUS OF MOSS SPECI
Page 66 and 67: Figure 1. The most frequent moss fo
Page 68 and 69: Olech, M. (1996). Human impact on t
Page 70 and 71: of apothecia or perithecia) were ma
Page 72 and 73: Acknowledgements This work integrat
Page 74 and 75: (Figure 1). There were found two sp
Page 76 and 77: completely smooth hymenophore (Ager
Page 78 and 79: Results The average SOI presented a
Page 80 and 81: Table 1. ANCOVA results of demograp
Page 82 and 83: 8 RESPONSES OF AN ANTARCTIC KELP GU
Page 84 and 85: Figure 2. Average number of Kelp Gu
Page 86 and 87: 9 Population fluctuation of Pygosce
Page 88 and 89: winter habitat selection (Trivelpie
Page 90 and 91: 10 FORAGING DISTRIBUTION OF AN ANTA
Page 92 and 93: December and January) with a Repeat
Page 94 and 95: THEMATIC AREA 3 Impact of human act
Page 98 and 99: 1 TEMPERATURE, SALINITY, PH, DISSOL
Page 100 and 101: Results In Table 1 we show the ocea
Page 102 and 103: Robakiewicz, M. & Rakusa-Suszczewsk
Page 104 and 105: we show the results from early summ
Page 106 and 107: a b c d Figure 2. Variations at dif
Page 108 and 109: 3 SUMMER VARIATION OF ZOOPLANKTON C
Page 110 and 111: a b Figure 2. Mean numbers of holop
Page 112 and 113: Discussion Larval forms are common
Page 114 and 115: 4 ASSESSMENT OF FAECAL POLLUTION IN
Page 116 and 117: Presence of C. perfringens in DCRM
Page 118 and 119: Figure 3. Most probable number and
Page 120 and 121: Leclerc, H.; Mossel, D. A.; Trinel.
Page 122 and 123: Figure 1. Map of the study region w
Page 124 and 125: Fourteen n-alkanols were identified
Page 126 and 127: Acknowledgements This work integrat
Page 128 and 129: treatment procedures that clean the
Page 130 and 131: Figure 2. Fecal sterols in marine s
Page 132 and 133: 7 FRACTIONATION OF TRACE METALS AND
Page 134 and 135: a b Figure 1. Trace element mobile
Page 136 and 137: the National Council for Research a
Page 138 and 139: of humans (Bargagli et al., 1998).
Page 140 and 141: Farías, S.; Smichowski, P.; Velez,
Page 142 and 143: Materials and Methods In Admiralty
Page 144 and 145: stations. This alteration acts as a
Page 146 and 147:
10 A baseline studies on plasmatic
Page 148 and 149:
higher than ECO and PP, where as to
Page 150 and 151:
11 Effect of diesel oil on gill enz
Page 152 and 153:
Figure 1. Activity of enzymes hexok
Page 154 and 155:
Regoli, F.; Principato, G.B.; Berto
Page 156 and 157:
(Steneck et al., 2002), consisting
Page 158 and 159:
Munnidae, Plakarthidae, Jaeropsidae
Page 160 and 161:
13 TRACKING NON-NATIVE SPECIES IN T
Page 162 and 163:
Table 1. Percentage of records in t
Page 164 and 165:
References Carlton, J.T. (2009). De
Page 166 and 167:
liverworts, lichens, algaes (Smykla
Page 168 and 169:
a b c d Figure 2. Taxonomic details
Page 170 and 171:
McInnes, S.J.; Chown, S.L.; Dartnal
Page 172 and 173:
THEMATIC AREA 4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAG
Page 174 and 175:
1 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NOISE AND PS
Page 176 and 177:
a b Figure 1. EACF acoustic mapping
Page 178 and 179:
increases to 55 dB (A) the speech r
Page 180 and 181:
2 ANALYSIS OF INDOOR ALDEHYDES IN T
Page 182 and 183:
filtered and stored in vials, below
Page 184 and 185:
formaldehyde concentration too. Des
Page 186 and 187:
3 RESULTS OF THE INTERNAL AUDIT IN
Page 188 and 189:
Figure 1. Requirements of ISO 14.00
Page 190 and 191:
4 BIOREMEDIATION OF THE DIESEL-CONT
Page 192 and 193:
Figure 1. Soil sampling points in t
Page 194 and 195:
Bacteria a Archaea b c Microeukaryo
Page 196 and 197:
EDUCATION AND OUTREACH ACTIVITIES D
Page 198 and 199:
Informative and educational materia
Page 200 and 201:
6. T-shirts: for each exhibition, t
Page 202 and 203:
FACTS AND FIGURES Human Resources:
Page 204 and 205:
publications Papers Bageston, J.V.;
Page 206 and 207:
Fanticele, F. B. Avaliação de con
Page 208 and 209:
e-mails inct - apa reserach team Th
Page 210 and 211:
Dr. Márcia Caruso Bícego (IOUSP)
Page 212:
Tecnologista Heber Passos (INPE/INC
Page 215:
Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Te
show all

1 - Instituto de Biologia da UFRJ

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?