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Figure 1. Activity of enzymes hexokinase (HK), phosphofrutokinase (PFK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), citrate synthase (CS), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), glutathione reductase (GRED), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and arginase (ARG) of Nacella concinna gills. Data are expressed as means ± SE. Asterisk indicates significant differences between nature control (NC) and experimental control (EC). Different letters indicate differences between treatments. regulate the CS levels in the foot muscle of this gastropod (Pörtner et al., 1999). Conclusion The elevated levels of enzymes CS, LDH and SOD in gills of nature controls in relation to experimental control (thermosaline condition 0-35), showed that natural stress imposed by the ambient conditions of the intertidal zone is capable of upregulating these enzymes levels. The enzymes ARG, PFK and CAT can be used as potential biomarkers for diesel oil pollution, considering that: a) the natural stress in the intertidal zone was not capable of inducing expressive alterations in these enzymes compared to experimental controls; b) diesel oil induced significant alterations in 150 | Annual Activity Report 2011
these enzymes levels; c) except PFK, the effect of diesel oil on the ARG and CAT enzymes levels was more intense in the experimental condition of 5% than at 1%. Acknowledgements This work integrates the National Institute of Science and Technology Antarctic Environmental Research (INCT- APA) that receives scientific and financial support from the National Council for Research and Development (CNPq process: n° 574018/2008-5) and Carlos Chagas Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ n° E-16/170.023/2008). The authors also acknowledge the support of the Brazilian Ministries of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI), of Environment (MMA) and Inter- Ministry Commission for Sea Resources (CIRM). References Abele, D.; Burlando, B.; Viarengo, A. & Portner, H.-O. (1998). Exposure to elevated temperatures and hydrogen peroxide elicits oxidative stress and antioxidant response in the Antarctic intertidal limpet Nacella concinna. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 120(2): 425-35. Ahn, I.Y.; Kim, K.W. & Choi, H.J. (2002). A baseline study on metal concentrations in the Antarctic limpet Nacella concinna (Gastropoda: Patellidae) on King George Island: Variations with sex and body parts. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 44(5): 424-31. Ansaldo, M.; Najle, R. & Luquet, C.M. (2005). Oxidative stress generated by diesel seawater contamination in the digestive gland of the Antarctic limpet Nacella concinna. Marine Environmental Research, 59(4): 381-90. Baldwin, J.; Elias, J.P.; Wells, R.M.G. & Donovan, D.A. (2007). Energy metabolism in the tropical abalone, Haliotis asinina Linné: Comparisons with temperate abalone species. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 342(2): 213-25. Barnes, D.K.A. & Peck, L.S. (2008). Vulnerability of Antarctic shelf biodiversity to predicted regional warming. Climate Research, 37(2-3): 149-63. Childress, J.J. & Somero, G.N. (1979). Depth-related enzymic activities in muscle, brain and heart of deep-living pelagic marine teleosts. Marine Biology, 52(3): 273-83. Ciardiello, M.A.; Camardella, L. & Di Prisco, G. (1995). Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from the blood cells of two antarctic teleosts: Correlation with cold adaptation. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology, 1250(1): 76-82. Crouch, R.K.; Gandy, S.E.; Kimsey, G.; Galbraith, R.A.; Galbraith, G.M. & Buse, M.G. (1981). The inhibition of islet superoxide dismutase by diabetogenic drugs. Diabetes, 30: 235-41. Davenport, J. (2001). Meltwater effects on intertidal Antarctic limpets, Nacella concinna. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK, 81: 643-9. Iyamu, E.W.; Asakura, T. & Woods, G.M. (2008). A colorimetric microplate assay method for high-throughput analysis of arginase activity in vitro. Analytical Biochemistry, 383(2): 332-4. Kennicutt II, M.C.; McDonald, T.J.; Denoux, G.J. & McDonald, S.J. (1992). Hydrocarbon contamination on the antarctic peninsula. II. Arthur Harbor inter- and subtidal limpets (Nacella concinna). Marine Pollution Bulletin, 24(10): 506-11. Obermüller, B.E.; Morley, S.A.; Clark, M.S.; Barnes, D.K.A. & Peck, L.S. (2011). Antarctic intertidal limpet ecophysiology: A winter-summer comparison. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 403(1-2): 39-45. Peck, L.S.; Convey, P. & Barnes, D.K.A. (2006). Environmental constraints on life histories in Antarctic ecosystems: Tempos, timings and predictability. Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 81(1): 75-109. Pörtner, H.O.; Peck, L.; Zielinski, S. & Conway, L.Z. (1999). Intracellular pH and energy metabolism in the highly stenothermal Antarctic bivalve Limopsis marionensis as a function of ambient temperature. Polar Biology, 22(1): 17-30. Science Highlights - Thematic Area 3 | 151
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Annual Activity Report 2011 Expedie
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Cataloguing Card I59a Annual Activi
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PRESENTATION National Institute of
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6 | Annual Activity Report 2011
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Thematic Research Areas The Researc
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introduction Advances In Brazilian
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of soil contamination. At present,
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THEMATIC AREA 1 ANTARCTIC ATMOSPHER
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One of the most important propertie
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1 ATMOSPHERIC CHANGES OBSERVED IN A
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the F2 layer critical frequency par
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with the Gleissberg cycle (~90 year
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2 MESOSPHERIC GRAVITY WAVES OBSERVE
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of 2011 (now under analysis). The h
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3 SYNOPTIC WEATHER SYSTEM ASSOCIATE
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a b c Figure 2. Wind field daily av
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4 INFLUENCE OF THE ANTARCTIC OZONE
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and New Zealand (Brinksma et al., 1
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of Science, Technology and Innovati
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a b Figure 1. South tower of the Br
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a b c d e f g Figure 3. Diurnal var
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and infrared gas analyzer were setu
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THEMATIC AREA 2 IMPACT OF GLOBAL CH
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were widespread, reaching latitudes
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GPS to reference the points in an a
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Figure 2 can suggest that the 6 pat
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Materials and Methods Phytossociolo
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References Bednarek-Ochyra, H.; Van
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level and parent material); vegetat
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the soil organic matter levels. The
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4 CONSERVATION STATUS OF MOSS SPECI
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Figure 1. The most frequent moss fo
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Olech, M. (1996). Human impact on t
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of apothecia or perithecia) were ma
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Acknowledgements This work integrat
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(Figure 1). There were found two sp
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completely smooth hymenophore (Ager
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Results The average SOI presented a
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Table 1. ANCOVA results of demograp
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8 RESPONSES OF AN ANTARCTIC KELP GU
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Figure 2. Average number of Kelp Gu
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9 Population fluctuation of Pygosce
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winter habitat selection (Trivelpie
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10 FORAGING DISTRIBUTION OF AN ANTA
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December and January) with a Repeat
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THEMATIC AREA 3 Impact of human act
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these two types of sewage markers,
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1 TEMPERATURE, SALINITY, PH, DISSOL
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Results In Table 1 we show the ocea
Page 102 and 103: Robakiewicz, M. & Rakusa-Suszczewsk
Page 104 and 105: we show the results from early summ
Page 106 and 107: a b c d Figure 2. Variations at dif
Page 108 and 109: 3 SUMMER VARIATION OF ZOOPLANKTON C
Page 110 and 111: a b Figure 2. Mean numbers of holop
Page 112 and 113: Discussion Larval forms are common
Page 114 and 115: 4 ASSESSMENT OF FAECAL POLLUTION IN
Page 116 and 117: Presence of C. perfringens in DCRM
Page 118 and 119: Figure 3. Most probable number and
Page 120 and 121: Leclerc, H.; Mossel, D. A.; Trinel.
Page 122 and 123: Figure 1. Map of the study region w
Page 124 and 125: Fourteen n-alkanols were identified
Page 126 and 127: Acknowledgements This work integrat
Page 128 and 129: treatment procedures that clean the
Page 130 and 131: Figure 2. Fecal sterols in marine s
Page 132 and 133: 7 FRACTIONATION OF TRACE METALS AND
Page 134 and 135: a b Figure 1. Trace element mobile
Page 136 and 137: the National Council for Research a
Page 138 and 139: of humans (Bargagli et al., 1998).
Page 140 and 141: Farías, S.; Smichowski, P.; Velez,
Page 142 and 143: Materials and Methods In Admiralty
Page 144 and 145: stations. This alteration acts as a
Page 146 and 147: 10 A baseline studies on plasmatic
Page 148 and 149: higher than ECO and PP, where as to
Page 150 and 151: 11 Effect of diesel oil on gill enz
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Page 156 and 157: (Steneck et al., 2002), consisting
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Page 160 and 161: 13 TRACKING NON-NATIVE SPECIES IN T
Page 162 and 163: Table 1. Percentage of records in t
Page 164 and 165: References Carlton, J.T. (2009). De
Page 166 and 167: liverworts, lichens, algaes (Smykla
Page 168 and 169: a b c d Figure 2. Taxonomic details
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Page 172 and 173: THEMATIC AREA 4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAG
Page 174 and 175: 1 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NOISE AND PS
Page 176 and 177: a b Figure 1. EACF acoustic mapping
Page 178 and 179: increases to 55 dB (A) the speech r
Page 180 and 181: 2 ANALYSIS OF INDOOR ALDEHYDES IN T
Page 182 and 183: filtered and stored in vials, below
Page 184 and 185: formaldehyde concentration too. Des
Page 186 and 187: 3 RESULTS OF THE INTERNAL AUDIT IN
Page 188 and 189: Figure 1. Requirements of ISO 14.00
Page 190 and 191: 4 BIOREMEDIATION OF THE DIESEL-CONT
Page 192 and 193: Figure 1. Soil sampling points in t
Page 194 and 195: Bacteria a Archaea b c Microeukaryo
Page 196 and 197: EDUCATION AND OUTREACH ACTIVITIES D
Page 198 and 199: Informative and educational materia
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FACTS AND FIGURES Human Resources:
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publications Papers Bageston, J.V.;
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Fanticele, F. B. Avaliação de con
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e-mails inct - apa reserach team Th
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Dr. Márcia Caruso Bícego (IOUSP)
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Tecnologista Heber Passos (INPE/INC
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Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Te
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