1 - Instituto de Biologia da UFRJ

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PRESENTATION National Institute of Science and Technology – Antarctic Environmental Research Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia – Antártico de Pesquisas Ambientais (INCT-APA) The importance of Antarctic Research Antarctica is the most preserved region of the planet and one of the most vulnerable to global environmental changes. Alterations in the Antarctic environment, natural or caused by human activities, have the potential to provoke biological, environmental and socio-economic impacts, which can affect the terrestrial system as a whole. For this reason, the scientific research in Polar Regions is of great environmental and economic importance, since it contributes to the comprehension of climatic and environmental changes observed in these regions, offering support to policy makers. The protection of the Antarctic environment is one of highest priorities of all the nations that operate on the continent. For this reason the region should continue to be the most preserved of the planet, harmonizing the presence of man and the attendance of mankind’s needs related to the mitigation of environmental impact of an ecosystem which is highly fragile. In 1991, the concerns over the consequences of human activity in the Antarctic environment became a reality through the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty. This protocol established directives and procedures, which should be adopted in the undertaking of activities in Antarctica. The monitoring of the environmental impact of Brazilian activities in Antarctica is a commitment assumed by the Brazilian Government through the ratification of the Madrid Protocol (1994). The position of Brazil as consultative member of the Antarctica Treaty demands an active scientific role at the Brazilian Antarctic Program, which is undertaken by means of: • Consolidation of Brazilian research groups in Antarctic science; • The undertaking of Applied and Basic research on Antarctica for understanding the structure and the function of Antarctic ecosystems. Hence, this knowledge contributes to management and preservation of this ecosystem; • Formation of human resources for higher education and for scientific and technological development; • Incentive for an interdisciplinary approach to scientific questions involving Antarctic systems, at the most diverse levels; • Generation of knowledge through Antarctic ecosystems and transfer of this knowledge to Society; • Consolidate the results obtained by the INCT-APA scientific research and, communicate it to policy makers to contribute to define policies guided towards conservation and management of Antarctic region. Some of the Benefits to Society: • Improvement of the climate analysis and forecasts for the whole Brazilian Territory (improvement of the national climatic models and the weather forecasting system); • Application of knowledge of physical processes in the upper atmosphere and in the ionosphere, interactions with solar radiation (prevention of telecommunication incidents); • Investigation concerning radiation variations as a result of global atmosphere changes and their impacts (monitoring of the ozone layer, UV-B radiation, consequences to human population, e.g. cancer and glaucoma); • The development of investigative studies concerning the possible impacts of global changes in Antarctica (global warming, natural disasters, ice-melt, and preventative and corrective initiatives of impacts of these kinds of occurrences); • Production of knowledge and critical mass to support decisions and policy recommendations concerning biological diversity (sustainable use of live resources); • Integration of geophysical, geological and biological investigations related to the Austral Ocean (support for 4 | Annual Activity Report 2011
interdisciplinary research and full knowledge of the Antarctic region); • Implementation of a social programme for educational and outreach activities (creation of public awareness on Antarctic Research and the importance of this continent for the planet). What is the INCT – Antarctic Environmental Research? The National Institute of Science and Technology - Antarctic Environmental Research (abbreviated as INCT in Brazilian Portuguese used in this document as INCT-APA hitherto) was created by the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (Ministério de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação -MCTI) in search of excellence in scientific activities at an international level in strategic areas defined by the Action Plan 2007-2010 of the Science Programme, Technology and Innovation for Antarctica, by means of programmes and instruments made operational by CNPq and by FAPERJ (Research support Foundations at different levels). The referred initiative has the view to implement a network of atmospheric, terrestrial and marine monitoring in the Antarctic region. Who are we? INCT-APA consists of more than 70 researchers who, in an integrated manner, evaluate the local and global environmental impacts in the atmospheric, terrestrial and marine areas of Maritime Antarctica systems and, in addition, are involved in the related educational and scientific outreach of their activities. The research developed by INCT-APA will contribute to influence initiatives concerning biological diversity and environmental protection of Antarctica, principally in the scope of the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, and the Ministry of the Environment. Furthermore, it assists in educational processes with the purpose of divulging Antarctic research to the public in general. See more at: http://www.biologia.ufrj.br/inct-antartico/ Contact: inctapa@gmail.com | yocie@biologia.ufrj.br Presentation | 5
Page 2 and 3: Annual Activity Report 2011 Expedie
Page 4 and 5: Cataloguing Card I59a Annual Activi
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Page 10 and 11: Thematic Research Areas The Researc
Page 12 and 13: introduction Advances In Brazilian
Page 14: of soil contamination. At present,
Page 18 and 19: THEMATIC AREA 1 ANTARCTIC ATMOSPHER
Page 20 and 21: One of the most important propertie
Page 22 and 23: 1 ATMOSPHERIC CHANGES OBSERVED IN A
Page 24 and 25: the F2 layer critical frequency par
Page 26 and 27: with the Gleissberg cycle (~90 year
Page 28 and 29: 2 MESOSPHERIC GRAVITY WAVES OBSERVE
Page 30 and 31: of 2011 (now under analysis). The h
Page 32 and 33: 3 SYNOPTIC WEATHER SYSTEM ASSOCIATE
Page 34 and 35: a b c Figure 2. Wind field daily av
Page 36 and 37: 4 INFLUENCE OF THE ANTARCTIC OZONE
Page 38 and 39: and New Zealand (Brinksma et al., 1
Page 40 and 41: of Science, Technology and Innovati
Page 42 and 43: a b Figure 1. South tower of the Br
Page 44 and 45: a b c d e f g Figure 3. Diurnal var
Page 46 and 47: and infrared gas analyzer were setu
Page 48 and 49: THEMATIC AREA 2 IMPACT OF GLOBAL CH
Page 50 and 51: were widespread, reaching latitudes
Page 52 and 53: GPS to reference the points in an a
Page 54 and 55: Figure 2 can suggest that the 6 pat
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Materials and Methods Phytossociolo
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References Bednarek-Ochyra, H.; Van
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level and parent material); vegetat
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the soil organic matter levels. The
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4 CONSERVATION STATUS OF MOSS SPECI
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Figure 1. The most frequent moss fo
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Olech, M. (1996). Human impact on t
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of apothecia or perithecia) were ma
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Acknowledgements This work integrat
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(Figure 1). There were found two sp
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completely smooth hymenophore (Ager
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Results The average SOI presented a
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Table 1. ANCOVA results of demograp
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8 RESPONSES OF AN ANTARCTIC KELP GU
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Figure 2. Average number of Kelp Gu
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9 Population fluctuation of Pygosce
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winter habitat selection (Trivelpie
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10 FORAGING DISTRIBUTION OF AN ANTA
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December and January) with a Repeat
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THEMATIC AREA 3 Impact of human act
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these two types of sewage markers,
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1 TEMPERATURE, SALINITY, PH, DISSOL
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Results In Table 1 we show the ocea
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Robakiewicz, M. & Rakusa-Suszczewsk
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we show the results from early summ
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a b c d Figure 2. Variations at dif
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3 SUMMER VARIATION OF ZOOPLANKTON C
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a b Figure 2. Mean numbers of holop
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Discussion Larval forms are common
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4 ASSESSMENT OF FAECAL POLLUTION IN
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Presence of C. perfringens in DCRM
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Figure 3. Most probable number and
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Leclerc, H.; Mossel, D. A.; Trinel.
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Figure 1. Map of the study region w
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Fourteen n-alkanols were identified
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Acknowledgements This work integrat
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treatment procedures that clean the
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Figure 2. Fecal sterols in marine s
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7 FRACTIONATION OF TRACE METALS AND
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a b Figure 1. Trace element mobile
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the National Council for Research a
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of humans (Bargagli et al., 1998).
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Farías, S.; Smichowski, P.; Velez,
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Materials and Methods In Admiralty
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stations. This alteration acts as a
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10 A baseline studies on plasmatic
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higher than ECO and PP, where as to
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11 Effect of diesel oil on gill enz
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Figure 1. Activity of enzymes hexok
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Regoli, F.; Principato, G.B.; Berto
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(Steneck et al., 2002), consisting
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Munnidae, Plakarthidae, Jaeropsidae
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13 TRACKING NON-NATIVE SPECIES IN T
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Table 1. Percentage of records in t
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References Carlton, J.T. (2009). De
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liverworts, lichens, algaes (Smykla
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a b c d Figure 2. Taxonomic details
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McInnes, S.J.; Chown, S.L.; Dartnal
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THEMATIC AREA 4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAG
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1 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NOISE AND PS
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a b Figure 1. EACF acoustic mapping
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increases to 55 dB (A) the speech r
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2 ANALYSIS OF INDOOR ALDEHYDES IN T
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filtered and stored in vials, below
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formaldehyde concentration too. Des
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3 RESULTS OF THE INTERNAL AUDIT IN
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Figure 1. Requirements of ISO 14.00
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4 BIOREMEDIATION OF THE DIESEL-CONT
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Figure 1. Soil sampling points in t
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Bacteria a Archaea b c Microeukaryo
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EDUCATION AND OUTREACH ACTIVITIES D
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Informative and educational materia
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6. T-shirts: for each exhibition, t
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FACTS AND FIGURES Human Resources:
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publications Papers Bageston, J.V.;
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Fanticele, F. B. Avaliação de con
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e-mails inct - apa reserach team Th
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Dr. Márcia Caruso Bícego (IOUSP)
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Tecnologista Heber Passos (INPE/INC
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Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Te
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