1 - Instituto de Biologia da UFRJ

More documents

Recommendations

Info

the F2 layer critical frequency parameter estimated from ionograms at ~16:00 UT (local noon time) obtained from CADI measurements done at EACF. The foF2 parameter shows that the ionosphere electron density changed in close association with the solar activity variation, presenting two peaks (April and November) that are present in the Rz data and a similar increase tendency during the year. The effect of the increasing solar activity in the low ionosphere was also evaluated from the phase variations of VLF signals, particularly from correlation between the phase variations and the intensity of the X-ray flares. The intensity of the X-ray flares able to produce significant VLF phase variations increased from ≥ 3.0 × 10 –7 W/m 2 during the solar minimum (2007-2009), to ~3.8 × 10 –7 W/m 2 and to 4.2 × 10 –7 W/m 2 , respectively in 2010 and 2011. a b c d e Figure 2. Comparison of the daily daytime VLF amplitude observed at paths NPM-EACF (b), NAA-EACF (c), NPM-ROI (d) and NAA-ROI (e) with the 27-day smoothed solar Lyman-alpha radiation (a) from 2007 to 2011. The vertical boxes identify the wintertime period in the southern (b and c panels) and northern hemisphere (d and e panels), when the influence of the planetary waves originated in the neutral atmosphere (adapted from Correia et al., 2013) is clear. 22 | Annual Activity Report 2011
Ionosphere long-term behavior – VLF measurements The study of the solar forcing in the ionosphere using the daytime VLF amplitude was done for the 2007-2011 period considering the VLF signals transmitted from NPM (Hawaii) and NAA (North Dakota) and received at EACF and ROI (Correia et al., 2013). The results, as expected, show the solar Lyman-alpha radiation (http://lasp.colorado. edu/lisird/lya/) control on the lower ionosphere, which was characterized by the VLF amplitude decline from 2007 to 2009, when the 23 rd solar cycle reached its lowest activity level, followed by an increasing tendency with the starting of activity of the 24 th solar cycle (Figure 2). This result is in agreement with Correia et al. (2011), who obtained a good correlation during the decay phase of the 23 rd solar cycle (2004-2008). The daytime VLF amplitude also showed high day-to-day variations, which present a clear seasonal behavior occurring predominantly during local wintertime in all years. The VLF amplitude variations indicated a significant component in a 16-day period, typical of planetary waves of stratosphere/tropospheric origin. Ionosphere long-term behavior – GPS measurements The ionosphere behavior was evaluated from the study of monthly VTEC variations observed at EACF from 2004 to 2011 (Figure 3a). The analysis shows that VTEC presents a seasonal variation produced by the solar illumination, which slowly changes in close association with 11-year solar cycle as shown by the variation of the Ultraviolet radiation (30.4 nm, http://lasp.colorado.edu/lisird/lya/). This good correlation between VTEC and solar UV variation at local summer (January) and winter (July) seasons are clearly seen in Figure 3b. Discussion and Conclusion The Sun is the main energy source on Earth, being responsible for its environmental conditions and for life. On the other hand, the atmosphere is also an important element that filters part of the solar radiation that is harmful to terrestrial and marine life, especially in X-rays and ultraviolet spectral range. Solar radiation is not constant and presents variations in different time scales, mainly associated a b Figure 3. Daily maximum VTEC measured at EACF (lower curve) compared with 27-day smoothed solar UV radiation (upper curve) from 2004 to 2011 (a). Correlations between the daily maximum VTEC and the UV flux in January (summer) and in July (winter) (b). Figures adapted from Correia et al. (2012). Science Highlights - Thematic Area 1 | 23
Page 2 and 3: Annual Activity Report 2011 Expedie
Page 4 and 5: Cataloguing Card I59a Annual Activi
Page 6 and 7: PRESENTATION National Institute of
Page 8 and 9: 6 | Annual Activity Report 2011
Page 10 and 11: Thematic Research Areas The Researc
Page 12 and 13: introduction Advances In Brazilian
Page 14: of soil contamination. At present,
Page 18 and 19: THEMATIC AREA 1 ANTARCTIC ATMOSPHER
Page 20 and 21: One of the most important propertie
Page 22 and 23: 1 ATMOSPHERIC CHANGES OBSERVED IN A
Page 26 and 27: with the Gleissberg cycle (~90 year
Page 28 and 29: 2 MESOSPHERIC GRAVITY WAVES OBSERVE
Page 30 and 31: of 2011 (now under analysis). The h
Page 32 and 33: 3 SYNOPTIC WEATHER SYSTEM ASSOCIATE
Page 34 and 35: a b c Figure 2. Wind field daily av
Page 36 and 37: 4 INFLUENCE OF THE ANTARCTIC OZONE
Page 38 and 39: and New Zealand (Brinksma et al., 1
Page 40 and 41: of Science, Technology and Innovati
Page 42 and 43: a b Figure 1. South tower of the Br
Page 44 and 45: a b c d e f g Figure 3. Diurnal var
Page 46 and 47: and infrared gas analyzer were setu
Page 48 and 49: THEMATIC AREA 2 IMPACT OF GLOBAL CH
Page 50 and 51: were widespread, reaching latitudes
Page 52 and 53: GPS to reference the points in an a
Page 54 and 55: Figure 2 can suggest that the 6 pat
Page 56 and 57: Materials and Methods Phytossociolo
Page 58 and 59: References Bednarek-Ochyra, H.; Van
Page 60 and 61: level and parent material); vegetat
Page 62 and 63: the soil organic matter levels. The
Page 64 and 65: 4 CONSERVATION STATUS OF MOSS SPECI
Page 66 and 67: Figure 1. The most frequent moss fo
Page 68 and 69: Olech, M. (1996). Human impact on t
Page 70 and 71: of apothecia or perithecia) were ma
Page 72 and 73: Acknowledgements This work integrat
Page 74 and 75:
(Figure 1). There were found two sp
Page 76 and 77:
completely smooth hymenophore (Ager
Page 78 and 79:
Results The average SOI presented a
Page 80 and 81:
Table 1. ANCOVA results of demograp
Page 82 and 83:
8 RESPONSES OF AN ANTARCTIC KELP GU
Page 84 and 85:
Figure 2. Average number of Kelp Gu
Page 86 and 87:
9 Population fluctuation of Pygosce
Page 88 and 89:
winter habitat selection (Trivelpie
Page 90 and 91:
10 FORAGING DISTRIBUTION OF AN ANTA
Page 92 and 93:
December and January) with a Repeat
Page 94 and 95:
THEMATIC AREA 3 Impact of human act
Page 96 and 97:
these two types of sewage markers,
Page 98 and 99:
1 TEMPERATURE, SALINITY, PH, DISSOL
Page 100 and 101:
Results In Table 1 we show the ocea
Page 102 and 103:
Robakiewicz, M. & Rakusa-Suszczewsk
Page 104 and 105:
we show the results from early summ
Page 106 and 107:
a b c d Figure 2. Variations at dif
Page 108 and 109:
3 SUMMER VARIATION OF ZOOPLANKTON C
Page 110 and 111:
a b Figure 2. Mean numbers of holop
Page 112 and 113:
Discussion Larval forms are common
Page 114 and 115:
4 ASSESSMENT OF FAECAL POLLUTION IN
Page 116 and 117:
Presence of C. perfringens in DCRM
Page 118 and 119:
Figure 3. Most probable number and
Page 120 and 121:
Leclerc, H.; Mossel, D. A.; Trinel.
Page 122 and 123:
Figure 1. Map of the study region w
Page 124 and 125:
Fourteen n-alkanols were identified
Page 126 and 127:
Acknowledgements This work integrat
Page 128 and 129:
treatment procedures that clean the
Page 130 and 131:
Figure 2. Fecal sterols in marine s
Page 132 and 133:
7 FRACTIONATION OF TRACE METALS AND
Page 134 and 135:
a b Figure 1. Trace element mobile
Page 136 and 137:
the National Council for Research a
Page 138 and 139:
of humans (Bargagli et al., 1998).
Page 140 and 141:
Farías, S.; Smichowski, P.; Velez,
Page 142 and 143:
Materials and Methods In Admiralty
Page 144 and 145:
stations. This alteration acts as a
Page 146 and 147:
10 A baseline studies on plasmatic
Page 148 and 149:
higher than ECO and PP, where as to
Page 150 and 151:
11 Effect of diesel oil on gill enz
Page 152 and 153:
Figure 1. Activity of enzymes hexok
Page 154 and 155:
Regoli, F.; Principato, G.B.; Berto
Page 156 and 157:
(Steneck et al., 2002), consisting
Page 158 and 159:
Munnidae, Plakarthidae, Jaeropsidae
Page 160 and 161:
13 TRACKING NON-NATIVE SPECIES IN T
Page 162 and 163:
Table 1. Percentage of records in t
Page 164 and 165:
References Carlton, J.T. (2009). De
Page 166 and 167:
liverworts, lichens, algaes (Smykla
Page 168 and 169:
a b c d Figure 2. Taxonomic details
Page 170 and 171:
McInnes, S.J.; Chown, S.L.; Dartnal
Page 172 and 173:
THEMATIC AREA 4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAG
Page 174 and 175:
1 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NOISE AND PS
Page 176 and 177:
a b Figure 1. EACF acoustic mapping
Page 178 and 179:
increases to 55 dB (A) the speech r
Page 180 and 181:
2 ANALYSIS OF INDOOR ALDEHYDES IN T
Page 182 and 183:
filtered and stored in vials, below
Page 184 and 185:
formaldehyde concentration too. Des
Page 186 and 187:
3 RESULTS OF THE INTERNAL AUDIT IN
Page 188 and 189:
Figure 1. Requirements of ISO 14.00
Page 190 and 191:
4 BIOREMEDIATION OF THE DIESEL-CONT
Page 192 and 193:
Figure 1. Soil sampling points in t
Page 194 and 195:
Bacteria a Archaea b c Microeukaryo
Page 196 and 197:
EDUCATION AND OUTREACH ACTIVITIES D
Page 198 and 199:
Informative and educational materia
Page 200 and 201:
6. T-shirts: for each exhibition, t
Page 202 and 203:
FACTS AND FIGURES Human Resources:
Page 204 and 205:
publications Papers Bageston, J.V.;
Page 206 and 207:
Fanticele, F. B. Avaliação de con
Page 208 and 209:
e-mails inct - apa reserach team Th
Page 210 and 211:
Dr. Márcia Caruso Bícego (IOUSP)
Page 212:
Tecnologista Heber Passos (INPE/INC
Page 215:
Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Te
show all

1 - Instituto de Biologia da UFRJ

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?