A ripple in development? - Channel Research

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Asia, for example in Iran, Pakistan, Myanmar, and China. These contain important variations on the coordination of NGOs and UN agencies, programming dialogue with donors, and certification. The review should focus on issues of presence on the ground, information flow, screening of actors, and the optimal stage of formulation of relief, rehabilitation and development policies for the affected areas. Better targeted livelihoods recovery 22. Local administration programming should be holistic and related to household level analysis, ensuring that interventions are linked closely together within a single community. 23. Governments of the region should consider identifying well aligned and well resourced response capacities as a measure of disaster preparedness, such as universities for early response, that empower local capacities. A less restrictive understanding of risk reduction 24. Disaster risk assessments must be made a precondition for all development investment decisions in high risk areas, whether it is an NGO building a school or a national government planning a new highway. 25. Government should promote disaster risk reduction at all levels of society, from the central government down to the village level, and ensure policies that are drawn up are clearly formulated and consistently applied. Better notions of capacity development 26. Governments of the region should make use of, and improve, the few relevant tools available for capacity development. This could include establishing forums responsible for supporting private sector and civil society initiatives, which can then be used as a platform by UN agencies and NGOs. 27. Government systems and standards for communicating to communities in disaster-prone areas should be developed. During emergencies, this can include how local and international assistance works, and duties and rights in this regard. Further, the media may be engaged, supporting personnel in acquiring specialised knowledge on disaster recovery and risk management to communicate effectively in emergencies. 118
8.2 For donor governments Strengthen local level state effectiveness 28. Donor agencies should be actively engaging central level government, regions, and also local government, during the recovery phase, and not delegate planning to humanitarian agencies or multi-donor pooled funding with a restricted mandate in economic or infrastructure issues. This calls for much more intense ‘development diplomacy’, including the deployment of technical assistance in the field, identification of risks and bottlenecks in delivery, monitoring of performance, and supplementing pooled funding with targeted bilateral initiatives where required. More long range analysis 29. Donors should consider that the timeframes for relief in a phase of natural disaster reconstruction should be multi-year, which means that specific budget lines allowing rapid and decentralised allocations, but also long-term planning, should be either created or preserved. 30. Donors and governments of the region should continue to review procedures for multi-donor trust funds in recovery. Aid effectiveness analyses should consider that the Aceh multi-donor trust fund made a good linkage to relief operations, however the process of identification of projects should be streamlined and more rapid, based on explicit situation analysis. 31. Donors should require that project proposals and the functioning of multi-donor funding mechanisms include conflict sensitivity analysis as due diligence prior to funding decisions. Better targeted livelihoods recovery 32. Humanitarian aid donors should direct funding to meet basic needs and reduce the risk of further vulnerability (preventive approaches), and not just concentrate on asset replacement over a short period (12–18 months). They should not aim to do livelihoods promotion through short-term funding. 33. Donors should create stronger policy dialogue and coordination mechanisms at the national level around the issue of support to isolated populations when they are affected by disasters in the midst of conflict. They could use existing in-country forums such as European Union consultations, multi-donor or pooled funds, or using lead donor entry points. 119
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A ripple in development? Long term
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Authors: Emery Brusset (team leader
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5 Risk reduction...................
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NGO OCHA Sida TEC TOR UN UNDP UNFPA
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State and civil society The interve
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tion is not complete, the achieveme
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For donor governments Strengthen lo
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14. NGOs and UN agencies should see
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We would like to warmly thank all t
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ilitation and development (Linking
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Consequently, our study has asked:
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the style of the text in the evalua
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The team, however, enjoyed privileg
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Table 1 Summary of interviews by ca
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was the local level administration
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2 The state and civil society 2.1 I
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On the other hand, the public’s p
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Although there is here a natural ha
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struction process, and unpredictabi
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cial structures. The context for in
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In the Maldives, the level of destr
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In Sri Lanka despite strong mobilis
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increase at the local level, the pr
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to the status quo ante, have limite
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3 Poverty, livelihoods and economic
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This evaluation has taken account o
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income by carrying out petty tradin
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The positive effects of aid assista
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Table 3e Aid disbursement flows for
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the tsunami affected areas. The Ace
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In 2005 prior to the peace agreemen
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In general, the main household inco
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omy. The Acehnese tend to have expe
Page 69 and 70: “The relatively limited economic
Page 71 and 72: was perceived to be played by NGOs,
Page 73: Yet the potential for change is cre
Page 76 and 77: Shelter and housing have been salie
Page 78 and 79: example in health or women’s live
Page 80 and 81: gramme is one of the key factors be
Page 82 and 83: not been sufficiently guided in rec
Page 84 and 85: Sri Lanka’s mainstream programme
Page 86 and 87: However, there are exceptions in bo
Page 89 and 90: 5 Risk reduction 5.1 Introduction T
Page 91 and 92: Indonesia also has new legislation
Page 93 and 94: Tsunamis present a relatively rare
Page 95 and 96: There is an issue also with the “
Page 97 and 98: More positively, the second type of
Page 99 and 100: 6 Capacity development 6.1 Introduc
Page 101 and 102: and Italy. The Programme’s object
Page 103 and 104: sulted communities in the east to c
Page 105 and 106: things to many actors over time res
Page 107 and 108: The use of information plays a cons
Page 109 and 110: 7 Conclusions The conclusions here
Page 111 and 112: The following figure illustrates th
Page 113 and 114: 7.3 The need to give greater effect
Page 115 and 116: Attention has not yet focused on ar
Page 117 and 118: 7.8 Overall conclusion The risk of
Page 119: 8 Recommendations The recommendatio
Page 123 and 124: 43. Conflict sensitivity analysis s
Page 125 and 126: Appendix 1 Terms of reference 1 Int
Page 127 and 128: 1.2 The LRRD concept 4 LRRD is a mu
Page 129 and 130: The efforts of the international ai
Page 131 and 132: 2.2.1 Thematic questions A. The ret
Page 133 and 134: c) How have the micro-politics of l
Page 135 and 136: Particular issues to be reviewed in
Page 137 and 138: In order to obtain relevant materia
Page 139 and 140: Within two weeks prior to commencin
Page 141 and 142: Appendix 2 Details of methodology A
Page 143 and 144: District Sub District Samples Total
Page 145 and 146: Appendix 3 List of persons and grou
Page 147 and 148: Surname, Forenames Dilreshi Dirhams
Page 149 and 150: Surname, Forenames Krassnitzer, Joh
Page 151 and 152: Surname, Forenames Organisation and
Page 153 and 154: Surname, Forenames Tveitnes, Ranvei
Page 155 and 156: Date Attendees No. of ♂ No. of
Page 164: This report is a follow-up evaluati
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