A ripple in development? - Channel Research

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14. NGOs and UN agencies should seek to create more linkages to academic institutions For civil society Less restrictive risk reduction 1. Civil society organisations working in national disaster risk reduction initiatives should promote a multi-hazard approach. 2. Civil society organisations should monitor investments to verify that disaster risks have been considered in the investment decision. More long range analysis 3. Academic institutions should support a system-wide, well organised and sustained effort to develop a discipline of disaster studies. Better notions of capacity building 4. Local civil society should develop ‘anti-poaching standards’ for local staff that minimise the negative impact on local human resources. 5. Some recent studies have suggested the need for a high level panel to oversee the international humanitarian system’s progress for disaster response. 14
Foreword by the chair of the joint steering committee This report is a follow-up evaluation of linkages between immediate relief, rehabilitation and development (LRRD) related to the response to the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004. The first LRRD evaluation was one of five studies carried out by the Tsunami Evaluation Coalition (TEC), which was formed by around 45 bilateral donors, multilateral organisations and international NGOs early in 2005. Four of the TEC studies concentrated largely on process issues – coordination, needs assessment, capacity-building and funding – while a fifth, the LRRD part, looked at outcome issues as well: what were the consequences of successful and unsuccessful linkages between various components of the recovery? The LRRD2 evaluation report covers experiences from the four years after the disaster in Indonesia, Sri Lanka and the Maldives. A number of organisations and government agencies have supported this evaluation in various ways, and we hope that it provides conclusions and lessons learned that are useful for mitigating the consequences of possible future disasters. One major conclusion of the evaluation is that the Indian Ocean tsunami – albeit a disaster of enormous proportions – was only a temporary disturbance in development compared to conditions defined by previously existing, long-term situations. Good linkages have occurred, but the lack of planning and overall analyses mean that the return of development was weaker than it could have been. In parallel to this main evaluation report we publish a comprehensive annotated bibliography and document review comprising over 800 publications on tsunami response and LRRD. Also five short versions of the main report is published in English, Bahasa Indonesia, Acehnese, Sinhalese and Tamil. 15
Page 1: A ripple in development? Long term
Page 4 and 5: Authors: Emery Brusset (team leader
Page 6 and 7: 5 Risk reduction...................
Page 8 and 9: NGO OCHA Sida TEC TOR UN UNDP UNFPA
Page 10 and 11: State and civil society The interve
Page 12 and 13: tion is not complete, the achieveme
Page 14 and 15: For donor governments Strengthen lo
Page 18 and 19: We would like to warmly thank all t
Page 20 and 21: ilitation and development (Linking
Page 22 and 23: Consequently, our study has asked:
Page 24 and 25: the style of the text in the evalua
Page 26 and 27: The team, however, enjoyed privileg
Page 28 and 29: Table 1 Summary of interviews by ca
Page 30 and 31: was the local level administration
Page 33 and 34: 2 The state and civil society 2.1 I
Page 35 and 36: On the other hand, the public’s p
Page 37 and 38: Although there is here a natural ha
Page 39 and 40: struction process, and unpredictabi
Page 41 and 42: cial structures. The context for in
Page 43 and 44: In the Maldives, the level of destr
Page 45 and 46: In Sri Lanka despite strong mobilis
Page 47 and 48: increase at the local level, the pr
Page 49 and 50: to the status quo ante, have limite
Page 51 and 52: 3 Poverty, livelihoods and economic
Page 53 and 54: This evaluation has taken account o
Page 55 and 56: income by carrying out petty tradin
Page 57 and 58: The positive effects of aid assista
Page 59 and 60: Table 3e Aid disbursement flows for
Page 61 and 62: the tsunami affected areas. The Ace
Page 63 and 64: In 2005 prior to the peace agreemen
Page 65 and 66: In general, the main household inco
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omy. The Acehnese tend to have expe
Page 69 and 70:
“The relatively limited economic
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was perceived to be played by NGOs,
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Yet the potential for change is cre
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Shelter and housing have been salie
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example in health or women’s live
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gramme is one of the key factors be
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not been sufficiently guided in rec
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Sri Lanka’s mainstream programme
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However, there are exceptions in bo
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5 Risk reduction 5.1 Introduction T
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Indonesia also has new legislation
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Tsunamis present a relatively rare
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There is an issue also with the “
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More positively, the second type of
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6 Capacity development 6.1 Introduc
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and Italy. The Programme’s object
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sulted communities in the east to c
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things to many actors over time res
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The use of information plays a cons
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7 Conclusions The conclusions here
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The following figure illustrates th
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7.3 The need to give greater effect
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Attention has not yet focused on ar
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7.8 Overall conclusion The risk of
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8 Recommendations The recommendatio
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8.2 For donor governments Strengthe
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43. Conflict sensitivity analysis s
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Appendix 1 Terms of reference 1 Int
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1.2 The LRRD concept 4 LRRD is a mu
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The efforts of the international ai
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2.2.1 Thematic questions A. The ret
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c) How have the micro-politics of l
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Particular issues to be reviewed in
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In order to obtain relevant materia
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Within two weeks prior to commencin
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Appendix 2 Details of methodology A
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District Sub District Samples Total
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Appendix 3 List of persons and grou
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Surname, Forenames Dilreshi Dirhams
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Surname, Forenames Krassnitzer, Joh
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Surname, Forenames Organisation and
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Surname, Forenames Tveitnes, Ranvei
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Date Attendees No. of ♂ No. of
Page 164:
This report is a follow-up evaluati
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