Volume 8 – Mechanical and Electrical Services - Malaysia Geoportal

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Chapter 10 SCADA AND AUTOMATION SYSTEM For use in open air applications, where the sensor cannot be mounted to the bottom of the tank or pipe thereof, a special version of the hydrostatic pressure level sensor can be suspended from a cable into the tank to the bottom point that is to be measured. The sensor must be specially designed to seal the electronics from the liquid environment. In tanks with a small head pressure (less than 100 INWC), it is very important to vent the back of the sensor gauge to atmospheric pressure. Otherwise, normal changes in barometric pressure will introduce large error in the sensor output signal. In addition, most sensors need to be compensated for temperature changes in the fluid. • Air Bubbler Level Measurement Systems Pneumatically based air bubbler systems contain no moving parts, making them suitable for measuring the level of sewage, drainage water, sewage sludge, night soil, or water with large quantities of suspended solids. The only part of the sensor that contacts the liquid is a bubble tube which is chemically compatible with the material whose level is to be measured. Since the point of measurement has no electrical components, the technique is a good choice for classified “Hazardous Areas”. The control portion of the system can be located safely away, with the pneumatic plumbing isolating the hazardous from the safe area. Air bubbler systems are a good choice for open tanks at atmospheric pressure and can be built so that high-pressure air is routed through a bypass valve to dislodge solids that may clog the bubble tube. The technique is inherently “self-cleaning”. It is highly recommended for liquid level measurement applications where ultrasonic, float or microwave techniques have proved undependable. Numerous level sensing devices incorporating numerous technologies are available or can be adapted for a wide variety of applications. In addition to chemical compatibility, understanding and evaluating how the physical and electrical characteristics of the process material, affects the operation of a sensor or sensing technology will assure trouble-free operation and long sensor life. e) Doppler Flow meter The compact Doppler flow meter is a two-beam, horizontally oriented flow meter designed to obtain high accuracy velocity data at ranges from 1 to 300 meters, utilizing 1 to 128 cells of data. By leveraging Doppler flow meter, it allows to obtain unmatched data quality, even in low velocities and complex flows, where a single cell cannot provide enough information. The Doppler flow meter is ideally suited for use in rivers, streams, estuaries, open channels, and ports and harbors. The Doppler flow meter accuracy and versatility are ideally suited for: • Streams and Rivers - Obtain high accuracy velocity data for use in computing discharge. The unit includes an accurate acoustic level sensor and pressure sensor to determine stage as well. • Open Channels - Obtain accurate velocity data for pacing water quality samplers. • Estuaries - Measure the complex currents for environmental monitoring or circulation model calibrations. • Ports and Harbors - Monitor currents to provide accurate information for mariners. March 2009 10-11
Chapter 10 SCADA AND AUTOMATION SYSTEM 10.4.2 Level 2 Level 2 is the communication medium which provides communication platform for Level 1 and Level 3. Telecommunication plays an important role in SCADA and Telemetry system. Selection of communication method for particular SCADA system depends on: • Reliability of selected communication method • Availability • Cost • Future extendable Basically, communication in SCADA system divided into 2 categories as below: a) short distance/Local communication which mostly involve with communication between site instruments like sensors, RTU, web cam and so on. b) Long Distance communication which involve with communication between RTU and Master Workstation or Server where the site data is transfer back and telecontrol from workstation and SCADA server. Communication method for short distance/local communication implemented including: a) Serial Communication Serial communication like RS232, RS422, RS 485, Modbus and profibus are common serial communication protocol to link with instrument like water level sensor, flowmeter, drive, rain gauge, water quality sensors, inverter, and controller. b) Voltage/ampere signal cable Voltage/ampere signal communication method is one of the most conventional communication method in automation and SCADA control system. For implementation in DID SCADA system, DID only allowed low voltage and ampere implemented for this purpose. (normally VDC 12 – VDC 30 for voltage and 4mA to 20mA for ampere). This method especially implemented in actuator control signal and pump control signal like start, stop, trip and so on. c) Coaxial Cable This communication method is mostly implemented in video signal communication, especially in CCTV. Anyway, DID nowadays less implements CCTV compare with Web Cam due to analogue signal from CCTV is hard to be transfered through internet for long distance monitoring and the highest resolution of CCTV can only achieve 800 x 600 pixel although implementation of CCTV is cheaper than Web Cam. d) Fiber Optic Fiber Optic is one of the most advance and effective communication method in wire/cable communication. Anyway, due to it’s cost and complicated construction during cable lying, most of the time it only apply in short distance communication. 10-12 March 2009
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GOVERNMENT OF MALAYSIA DEPARTMENT O
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DID MANUAL VOLUME 8 Foreword The fi
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DID MANUAL VOLUME 8 Registration of
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DID MANUAL VOLUME 8 List of Volumes
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DID MANUAL VOLUME 8 TNB TSHD USBR T
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Chapter 1 PUMPING INSTALLATION Tabl
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Chapter 1 PUMPING INSTALLATION Figu
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1.1 TYPE OF PUMPS USED IN DID Chapt
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Chapter 1 PUMPING INSTALLATION Fig.
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Chapter 1 PUMPING INSTALLATION b) P
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Chapter 1 PUMPING INSTALLATION 1.9
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Chapter 1 PUMPING INSTALLATION a) W
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Chapter 1 PUMPING INSTALLATION c) A
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Chapter 1 PUMPING INSTALLATION Fig
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Chapter 1 PUMPING INSTALLATION Gene
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Chapter 1 PUMPING INSTALLATION Fig
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Chapter 1 PUMPING INSTALLATION Comm
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Chapter 1 PUMPING INSTALLATION - In
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Chapter 1 PUMPING INSTALLATION APPE
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Chapter 1 PUMPING INSTALLATION (6)
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1 CHAPTER 2 GATE DESIGN
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN APPENDIX 2B M
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN (This page is
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN a) Dam - rete
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN Figure 2.5 He
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN g) Offtake -
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN Figure 2.9(c)
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN Some common r
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN Figure 2.13 T
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN b) High press
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN Figure 2.18 H
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN Bulkhead gate
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN Table 2.1 Cor
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2.4.1 Materials for Hydraulic Gates
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN Corrosion mit
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN 2.6 GATE TEST
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN 1.0 GENERAL T
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN APPENDIX 2B M
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN a) Sill Beam
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1.0 PURPOSE Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN A
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN 5.0 Fully Ope
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Chapter 2 GATE DESIGN Section 5 Tro
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Chapter 3 GROUND WATER FACILITIES T
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3.1 INTRODUCTION Chapter 3 GROUND W
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Chapter 3 GROUND WATER FACILITIES F
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Chapter 3 GROUND WATER FACILITIES O
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Chapter 3 GROUND WATER FACILITIES D
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Chapter 3 GROUND WATER FACILITIES T
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CHAPTER 4 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND H
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Chapter 4 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND H
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Chapter 5 PLANT MANAGEMENT AND CONT
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5.1 INTRODUCTION Chapter 5 PLANT MA
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CHAPTER 6 ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN MANA
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Chapter 6 ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN MANA
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Device in the Solar Panel Chapter 6
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Chapter 7 ELECTRICAL SERVICES Table
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Chapter 7 ELECTRICAL SERVICES List
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Chapter 7 ELECTRICAL SERVICES 7 ELE
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Chapter 7 ELECTRICAL SERVICES The d
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Chapter 7 ELECTRICAL SERVICES If we
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Chapter 7 ELECTRICAL SERVICES The r
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Chapter 7 ELECTRICAL SERVICES 7.3 4
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Chapter 7 ELECTRICAL SERVICES 7.3.5
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Chapter 7 ELECTRICAL SERVICES Table
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Chapter 7 ELECTRICAL SERVICES The r
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Chapter 7 ELECTRICAL SERVICES (d) (
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Chapter 7 ELECTRICAL SERVICES (cont
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CHAPTER 8 DREDGER
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Chapter 8 DREDGER List of Tables Ta
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Chapter 8 DREDGER d) Beach nourishm
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Chapter 8 DREDGER As a backup syste
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Chapter 8 DREDGER Fig. 8.5 Cutter S
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8.4 EQUIPMENT OF DREDGER Typical Dr
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Chapter 8 DREDGER Table 8.3 - Dispo
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Chapter 8 DREDGER 3.2 Speed Boat -
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Chapter 8 DREDGER 3.0 Supervision C
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Chapter 8 DREDGER ii. Where there i
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Chapter 8 DREDGER ‣ Synthetic rop
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8.12 OPERATION & MAINTENANCE Manual
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Volume 8 – Mechanical and Electrical Services - Malaysia Geoportal

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