Intelligent Transportation Systems - City of Oakland

4.1.5 Event and Incident Management Systems ................................................................................ 35
4.2 ARTERIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ....................................................................................................... 36
4.2.1 Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) Cameras ............................................................................... 36
4.2.2 Vehicle Detection Systems (VDS) .............................................................................................. 37
4.2.3 Dynamic Message Signs (DMS)................................................................................................. 39
4.2.4 Trailblazer Signs (TBS) ............................................................................................................... 41
4.2.5 Highway Advisory Radio ............................................................................................................. 42
4.2.6 Parking Guidance Systems (PGS) ............................................................................................. 42
4.2.7 Advanced Railroad Crossings..................................................................................................... 44
4.3 TRAVELER INFORMATION SYSTEMS ....................................................................................................... 46
4.3.1 Traveler Advisory Telephone (511) ............................................................................................ 47
4.3.2 Kiosks ........................................................................................................................................... 48
4.3.3 Internet Access ............................................................................................................................ 49
4.3.4 Cable Television .......................................................................................................................... 49
4.4 TRANSIT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ......................................................................................................... 50
4.4.1 Transit Signal Priority (TSP) ....................................................................................................... 50
4.4.2 Automated Vehicle Location (AVL) and Arrival Sign Information ............................................. 51
4.5 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ................................................................................................... 52
4.5.1 Emergency Vehicle Preemption (EVP) ...................................................................................... 52
4.5.2 AVL for Emergency Vehicles ...................................................................................................... 53
4.6 EVENT AND INCIDENT MANAGEMENT ..................................................................................................... 53
SECTION 5 High-Level System Architecture ................................................................................................................. 55
5.1 NATIONAL ITS ARCHITECTURE .............................................................................................................. 55
5.2 ITS USER SERVICES, SUBSYSTEMS AND MARKET PACKAGES............................................................... 56
5.3 HIGH-LEVEL CENTER-TO-CENTER ARCHITECTURE ................................................................................ 58
5.4 ARCHITECTURE RECOMMENDATIONS..................................................................................................... 61
5.4.1 ITS Standards .............................................................................................................................. 61
5.4.2 Architecture Development Process ............................................................................................ 62
SECTION 6 Communications Network .............................................................................................................................. 65
6.1 COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK OVERVIEW .............................................................................................. 65
6.2 EXISTING COMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE .................................................................................... 65
6.2.1 Traffic Signal Interconnect .......................................................................................................... 65
6.2.2 Existing Fiber Optic Network ....................................................................................................... 66
6.2.3 Other Communications Infrastructure ........................................................................................ 66
6.3 COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK EVALUATION ........................................................................................... 66
6.4 COMMUNICATIONS BACKBONE ALTERNATIVES ...................................................................................... 67
6.4.1 Communications Backbone Technology .................................................................................... 67
6.4.2 Communications Topology.......................................................................................................... 68
6.5 FIELD DISTRIBUTION NETWORK ALTERNATIVES ..................................................................................... 71
6.5.1 Agency-Owned Infrastructure ..................................................................................................... 71
6.5.2 Leased Infrastructure................................................................................................................... 72
6.5.3 Virtual Private Network ................................................................................................................ 75
6.5.4 FDN Considerations .................................................................................................................... 76
6.6 FIELD DEVICE REQUIREMENTS .............................................................................................................. 76
6.6.1 Low Bandwidth Devices .............................................................................................................. 76
6.6.2 High Bandwidth Devices ............................................................................................................. 77
6.7 COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................... 77
6.7.1 Short-Term Communications Plan (0 to 5 years) ...................................................................... 77
6.7.2 Medium-Term Communications Plan (5 to 10 years) ................................................................ 80
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City of Oakland ITS Strategic Plan
September, 2003