(IVAR) - Final Report - Strategic Environmental Research and ...

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Figure 6-1. Percentage of targets called in a Request for Confirmation that were confirmed to be birds by visual observation. ............................................................................................................ 70 Figure 6-2. Total number of Requests for Confirmation (RFCs) at the four IVAR visual confirmation study locations................................................................................................................ 71 Figure 6-3. The locations of eBirdRad and TI-VPR unit use in the thermal validation studies. The eBirdRad (“RT-1”) unit was located in an agricultural field of Sunny Side Plantation, 8360 Peter’s Point Road, Edisto Island, South Carolina, while the TI-VPR unit (“TT-1”) was located 1295 m away in the yard of a residence at 8176 Peter’s Point Road. .............................. 73 Figure 6-4. The basic sensor elements of the TI-VPR, including a 50 kW X-band Furuno model FR2155-BB radar with a vertically-pointing 4° parabolic dish antenna (left), and Radiance I high-resolution thermal imaging camera (right)................................................................................ 74 Figure 6-5. Time exposure from the TI-VPR Radiance I thermal imager, showing flight trajectories of birds overhead............................................................................................................... 74 Figure 6-6. The polygon around the position of the TI-VPR (red pushpin) used to delimit the sample area for the eBirdRad data collected with a 20° tilt angle of the antenna. .............................. 76 Figure 6-7. The polygon around the position of the TI-VPR (red pushpin) used to delimit the sample area for the eBirdRad data collected with a 30° tilt angle of the antenna. .............................. 77 Figure 6-8. Diagram of sampling “volumes” of eBirdRad and the TI-VPR (not to scale). The green and yellow denote the sampling volume of the eBirdRad and the red and yellow the sampling volume of the TI-VPR. The yellow indicates the sampling volume of the thermal imager that is within the coverage of eBirdRad. The vertical gray lines represent the edge of the eBirdRad sample polygon depicted in Figure 6-6 and Figure 6-7............................................. 78 Figure 6-9. Dual display of video from thermal imager (left) and vertically-pointing radar (right). .................................................................................................................................................. 79 Figure 6-10. Comparison of 5-minute segments for all thermal imager birds: y = 1.4874x - 4.0244, R a 2 = 0.6838, df = 191; r = 0.829, v = 94, P < 0.001. ............................................................ 81 Figure 6-11. Comparison of 5-minute segments for thermal imager birds at the altitude of the eBirdRad radar beam: y = 0.1469x - 0.3496, R a 2 = 0.4005, df = 191; r = 0.639, v = 94, P < 0.001. ................................................................................................................................................... 81 Figure 6-12. Comparison of 1-hour sessions for all thermal imager birds: y = 1.8332x - 84.419, R a 2 = 0.8716, df =15; r = 0.943, v = 6, P < 0.001. .............................................................................. 82 Figure 6-13. Comparison of 1-hour sessions for thermal imager birds at the altitude of the eBirdRad radar beam: y = 0.1805x - 7.7035, R a 2 = 0.8911, df = 15; r = 0.952, v = 6, P < 0.001. ................................................................................................................................................... 82 Figure 6-14. Remote-controlled helicopter (RCH) on the SEA perimeter road with pilot and observer. .............................................................................................................................................. 85 Figure 6-15. Runway 3 at SEA, showing where the remote helicopter tests were conducted. .................. 86 Figure 6-16. Tracks of the RCH acquired by the SEAAR1 radar providing flight path information as the target flew along Runway 34L/16R at SEA. The colored lines are the tracks of the RCH, which end as the RCH dipped below the level of the runway and was lost by the radar. The small blocks at the ends of each line denote the position of the RCH when it was lost by the radar. These four lines represent Track IDs 449, 571, 632, and 860. ........... 87 x
Figure 6-17. Plot of the northing coordinates and elevations of the RCH versus time at SEA on 14 September 2008. Of the two diagonal lines, the red line with error bars (“Helicopter GPS”) represents the northing coordinates of the target based on the GPS on the RCH; the yellow line with triangles (“Track ID 860”) represents the northing coordinates from the SEAAR1m radar. The lower, sinusoidal line with the yellow triangles represents the elevation of the track from the GPS on the RCH. ............................................................................... 89 Figure 6-18. Plot of the northing coordinates and elevations of the RCH versus time at SEA on 14 September 2008. Of the two diagonal lines, the red line with error bars (“Helicopter GPS”) represents the northing coordinates of the target based on the GPS on the RCH; the red line with triangles (“Track ID 632”) represents the northing coordinates from the SEAAR1m radar. The lower, sinusoidal line with the yellow triangles represents the elevation of the track from the GPS on the RCH. ............................................................................... 90 Figure 6-19. Plot of the easting coordinates and elevations of the RCH versus time at SEA on 14 September 2008. Of the two upper lines, the red line with error bars (“Helicopter GPS”) represents the easting coordinates of the target based on the GPS mounted on the RCH; the yellow line with triangles (“Track ID 860”) represents the easting coordinates from the SEAAR1m radar. The lower, sinusoidal line with the yellow triangles represents the elevation of the RCH based on GPS records. ................................................................................ 91 Figure 6-20. Plot of the easting coordinates and elevations of the RCH versus time at SEA on 14 September 2008. Of the two upper lines, the red line with error bars (“Helicopter GPS”) represents the easting coordinates of the target based on the GPS on the RCH; the yellow line with triangles (“Track ID 632”) represents the easting coordinates from the SEAAR1m radar. The lower, sinusoidal line with the yellow triangles represents the elevation of the track from the GPS on the RCH. ............................................................................... 92 Figure 6-21. Trajectory of Track ID 111 at NAS Patuxent River, Maryland relative to site VT-2 that visually confirmed the target on 24 September 2008. The blue, red, and green placemarks denote the start, confirmed, and end positions of the target track, respectively. .............. 98 Figure 6-22. The tracks of 234 targets recorded during a single rotation of the eBirdRad avian radar antenna at Edisto Island, South Carolina on 4 October 2009, between 01:18:20 and 01:18:22 UTC. Tracks with white numeric labels (Track_ID) were included in count of total targets; those with no label are targets that were no longer being tracked by the radar and were not included in the total. ..................................................................................................... 100 Figure 6-23. The track of target T22637 (unidentified gull) at MCAS Cherry Point on 30 March 2007. This target was confirmed by visual team VT1. Track update colors: blue = start, red = confirmed, green = end.................................................................................................... 111 Figure 6-24. The track of target T64755 (stack of squares in upper-right corner), a Turkey Vulture, at MCAS Cherry Point on 31 March 2007. This target was confirmed by visual team VT2A. Track update colors: blue = start, brown = confirmed on last update.......................... 112 Figure 6-25. The track of target T28698 (Turkey Vulture) at MCAS Cherry Point on 01 April 2007. This target was confirmed by visual team VT3. Track update colors: blue = start, red = confirmed, green = end............................................................................................................. 113 Figure 6-26. The track of target T44279 (Turkey Vulture) at MCAS Cherry Point on 01 April 2007. This target was confirmed by visual team VT3A. Track update colors: blue = start, red = confirmed, green = end............................................................................................................. 114 xi
Page 1 and 2: FINAL REPORT Integration and Valida
Page 3 and 4: Table of Contents List of Tables ..
Page 5 and 6: APPENDIX A. POINTS OF CONTACT .....
Page 7 and 8: Table 6-17. Altitudinal distributio
Page 9: List of Figures Figure 2-1. Chronol
Page 13 and 14: Figure 6-42. eBirdRad display based
Page 15 and 16: Figure 6-82. Hourly track count ove
Page 17 and 18: Figure 6-115: COP display showing f
Page 19 and 20: List of Acronyms Acronym AGL AIP AR
Page 21 and 22: Acronym RST RT SEA SQL SSC Pacific
Page 23 and 24: Carmen Lombardo Naval Air Station,
Page 25 and 26: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Military bases an
Page 27 and 28: database and redistributed to other
Page 29 and 30: 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND Encro
Page 31 and 32: A seventh objective, the Functional
Page 33 and 34: Table 1-1 (cont.). IVAR TASK/ OBJEC
Page 35 and 36: environmental stewardship with miss
Page 37 and 38: 2 TECHNOLOGY/METHODOLOGY DESCRIPTIO
Page 39 and 40: The original BirdRad system was des
Page 41 and 42: 2.4 TECHNOLOGY/METHODOLOGY DEVELOPM
Page 43 and 44: Figure 2-2. Configuration of BirdRa
Page 45 and 46: 2.4.3 eBirdRad - Digital Radars wit
Page 47 and 48: Figure 2-5. Interior view of the eB
Page 49 and 50: accuracy and target continuity over
Page 51 and 52: permanently installed at SEA. Prior
Page 53 and 54: 2.5 ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF T
Page 55 and 56: 3 PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES Table 3-1
Page 57 and 58: Table 3-1 (cont.). Performance Obje
Page 59 and 60: Table 3-1 (cont.). Performance Obje
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Table 3-1 (cont.). Performance Obje
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Table 3-1 (cont.). Performance Obje
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For the third test, Validation Usin
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temporal domain by recording all bi
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3.1.2.2.7 Provides Bird Abundance o
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difference in the time (i.e., the l
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3.1.6.2.4 Maintenance [SE4.2] We es
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Table 4-1. Summary of the IVAR stud
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4.1 MCAS CHERRY POINT Marine Corps
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2006 the primary eBirdRad unit from
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(directional WiFi) to the Internet.
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• Large (several thousand) flocks
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location for demonstrating the capa
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5.1 CONCEPTUAL TEST DESIGN 5 TEST D
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5.3 DESIGN AND LAYOUT OF TECHNOLOGY
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Assuming these lines evidence confi
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that dataset [Section 6.5.1.3]. 5.5
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6 PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT The Perfor
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ecord the time, Track ID, and other
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Figure 6-1. Percentage of targets c
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Comparing the performance of dish v
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Figure 6-4. The basic sensor elemen
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Figure 6-6. The polygon around the
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Figure 6-8. Diagram of sampling “
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• It takes several scans (nominal
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Session Correla tions 600 500 y = 1
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To evaluate the capabilities of the
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Figure 6-15. Runway 3 at SEA, showi
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comparisons between the RCH-GPS dat
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Figure 6-18. Plot of the northing c
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Figure 6-20. Plot of the easting co
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Conclusion In the quantitative perf
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Table 6-8. Column headings of the T
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Table 6-9 demonstrates quantitative
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Table 6-10. The parameters of targe
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Table 6-11. The position of Visual
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Table 6-12. Solitary targets at MCA
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Figure 6-23. The track of target T2
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intended to demonstrate these syste
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Figure 6-34. Screen capture of bird
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6.1.2 Qualitative Performance Crite
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upper right have completely converg
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Figure 6-38. The progression of the
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The slight difference in alignment
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Figure 6-42. eBirdRad display based
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Figure 6-44. A partial history of t
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6.2 SAMPLING PROTOCOL 6.2.1 Quantit
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Figure 6-46. Image from the track h
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Table 6-14. Dates, times and names
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Figure 6-48. Fifteen-minute (06:04-
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Figure 6-50. Fifteen-minute (02:24-
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We used a TVW to process the plots
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Figure 6-53. In an example of night
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6.2.1.4 Efficiently Stores Bird Tra
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Figure 6-56 shows sites 13-24 in th
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We extracted the radar data for thi
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Figure 6-57. Digital image of the d
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Table 6-17. Altitudinal distributio
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hours apart, showed considerable va
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• The sampling event time period
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underwent a 4-minute initialization
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Figure 6-62. DRP Live application l
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commands we issued to the radar; th
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4. Range Decrease (x7) 5. Range Inc
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Figure 6-65, Figure 6-66, and Figur
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6.2.2.4 Provides Spatial Distributi
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Figure 6-69. A plot of all track ac
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Figure 6-71. Twelve 2-hour historie
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Figure 6-72. TVW application displa
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Conclusion Figure 6-74. Oblique vie
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Archived Data to a GIS We used the
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(SQL). Extracting target data from
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Figure 6-78. Daily, unfiltered, tra
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Figure 6-79. Time periods selected
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Figure 6-82. Hourly track count ove
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esults are displayed in Figure 6-83
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As can be seen in Figure 6-83, the
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Figure 6-84 clearly demonstrates th
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Conclusion We have successfully dem
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LAN within a facility to the operat
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All reference times were recorded i
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Description of Remote Display - As
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mounted laptop computer (Figure 6-8
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very good because the system was sa
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operations personnel or their contr
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Figure 6-90. Alarm status pane and
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Figure 6-92. Alarm triggered as a f
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Figure 6-95. Screen capture of the
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Figure 6-96. An example from a data
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Table 6-29. Differences found betwe
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6.4 DATA INTEGRATION 6.4.1 Quantita
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Figure 6-100. Screen captures for S
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We used a screen-capture program at
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Results Table 6-32 records the time
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We acquired the appropriate plots a
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Figure 6-105. Track histories of ta
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synchronized, both spatially and te
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0.004687 seconds ahead of the NTP t
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Figure 6-108: COP display showing f
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Figure 6-110: TVW display showing t
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The next example from NASWI involve
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Figure 6-114: TVW display showing t
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Figure 6-116: COP display showing a
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Fusion processing was enabled in th
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processing associated with this dat
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Figure 6-122: Track IDs shown for b
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Conclusion We successfully demonstr
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Of course, many other factors contr
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one, Jim Swift, had been exposed to
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Methods The US military 27 designat
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Natural R.esoan:es Br.mch 22541Jolm
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Given these considerations, the IVA
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Results No maintenance was required
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acquired and is testing JRC S-band
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areas of overlap. Data fusion algor
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6.8 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND PER
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Table 7-1. Cost Model for a Standal
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additional processors account of th
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Installation Site Assessment - Rada
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e incurred, depending on what infor
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eal time, avian radars and can dete
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Network Connectivity. The US Depart
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Airport Improvement Program (AIP) f
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9 REFERENCES Anderson, C., and S. O
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APPENDIX A. POINTS OF CONTACT POINT
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POINT OF CONTACT Name Ryan King Mat
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APPENDIX B. ANALYTICAL METHODS SUPP
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METHOD #2: VALIDATION BY IMAGE COMP
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The pattern of yellows and blues in
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Radar Team (RT) Site Selection Sinc
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will measured the magnetic bearing
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Figure B-6. Using a GPS to record s
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• Visual Observer - observes bird
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Figure B-9. Flowchart of target con
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VT: “Radar, Team 2-Alpha copies T
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eam and the VTs have difficulty loc
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why it was changed, who made the ch
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METHOD #4: CONFIRMATION OF BIRD TAR
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Figure B-12. Duplexed image showing
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Table B-2. Dates, times, and antenn
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For the analysis of the simultaneou
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Table B-3. Altitude of the radar be
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Figure B-17. Diagram of sampling
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METHOD #6: DEMONSTRATING REAL-TIME
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APPENDIX C. DATA QUALITY ASSURANCE/
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APPENDIX D. SUPPORTING DATA D.1 Par
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Table D-1 (cont.). Date Track ID Up
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D.2 Listing of One-Hour Track Histo
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Table D-2 (cont.). 07:00-08:00 WI_A
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APPENDIX E. SURVEY OF AIRPORT PERSO
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used as the real-time target becaus
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Table E-1. Remote radar display lat
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7. Please rate the following where
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