ICMCTF 2012! - CD-Lab Application Oriented Coating Development

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Environment Tribofilm Deposition temperature Counter material Coating Composition Thickness Hardness Stress Substrate Topography Wear resistance Low friction Desired properties Thermal and chemical resistance Contact pressure Loading cycle Sliding speed Contact conditions Temperature To avoid premature coating failure due to cracking and fragmentation, the hardness of the substrate has to be at least as high as that of the counter surface. If a coating is applied to a substrate material that is softer than the counter surface, it either must be very thick or very ductile. One has also to ensure that the substrate will withstand the deposition temperature without softening. Unfortunately, this limits the number of candidate substrate materials for many promising coatings. For example, the common ball-bearing steel AISI 52100 softens at temperatures below 200°C. For Al and Mg alloys, the number of potential coatings is even more limited. Another important issue is adhesion of the coating to the substrate. One of the most important factors to consider for hard and brittle coatings is the presence of internal stresses. Tensile stresses are usually detrimental, but reasonably high compressive stresses are beneficial since they improve coating cohesion and increase its hardness and wear resistance. However, they may deteriorate the adhesion. The combined influence of compressive stresses in the coating and substrate geometry on practical adhesion has been estimated using simple geometrical models. Excessively high compressive stresses in combination with unfavourable geometry may cause spontaneous flaking. In sliding applications for tools or mechanical components, not only are friction and wear resistance important; it is also necessary to avoid adhesion of the counter material to the coating surface. This phenomenon is often termed galling. Modern development of forming and cutting tools aims at the highest possible galling resistance. An important question arises; is galling related to chemical or topographical properties or both? It is well known that certain materials like austenitic stainless steels or Ti-, Al-, or Ni-alloys are difficult to machine and deform plastically because of their strong tendency to adhere to the tool surface. This also makes them poor materials in sliding components. Thus, special effort is required for the development of surfaces to use against these “difficult” counter materials. Generally, the smoother the surface of a tool or component, the better is its galling resistance. In on-going in situ experiments in the SEM, the galling resistance of finely polished tool steel surfaces are compared with equally finely polished surfaces of DLC coatings by repeatedly sliding against a tip of austenitic stainless steel. For the DLC coatings, the friction coefficient remains ~0.15 for the entire series of 10 consecutive sliding passes, whereas for the tool steels, the coefficient increases from 0.15 during the first pass to ~0.8 after only 4 passes. Intentional scratches in a DLC coating affect friction only during two passes; the coefficient returns to 0.15 at the third pass as the scratches become partially filled and their ridges worn off. In this example, the DLC coatings act to preserve the low initial friction level by avoiding galling while, in addition, inhibiting local scratch damage. One track in the current development of active coatings involves the design of coatings whose wear resistance and/or friction properties improve during use. A way of achieving this is to design materials and conditions in which the coating, the surrounding medium, and/or the counter material react chemically or combine mechanically to form tribofilms with the desired properties. The prerequisites for low friction in dry or boundary-lubricated sliding contact combine high hardness with low shear resistance. Well-known materials with these properties are diamond in humid atmosphere or water, MoS 2, WS 2, and ZnO in dry sliding. Another approach is coatings that change composition during tribological loading. For example, TiC x-based coatings alloyed with excess amounts of Al or Ni lose graphitic carbon when loaded in tribological contact. In addition, the graphite aligns with crystallographic easy shear planes parallel to the sliding direction. Finally, there is a trend today to design tribological materials and coatings such that they, together with the surrounding medium and/or the counter material, will form new materials in the form of tribofilms that can lower the friction. xvi
ICMCTF 2012 Graduate Student Awards The Graduate Student Awards were established by the Advanced Surface Engineering Division (ASED) of the AVS in 2006 to honor and encourage outstanding graduate students carrying out research in areas of interest to ASED, with emphasis in the fields of surface engineering, thin films, and related topics. The ASED seeks to recognize students of exceptional ability who show promise for significant future achievement. The ASED is pleased to announce the three finalists for 2012, chosen based upon the quality of their written research summaries, resumes, and evaluation letters. The selection of the winners will take into consideration the above listed application materials in addition to the quality and professionalism of their oral presentations and discussion at the 2012 ICMCTF. Jessica Krogstad University of California, Santa Barbara, USA “New Perspectives on the Phase Stability Challenge in Zirconia-Based TBCs” (Paper A2. 18, Tuesday 10:20 am, Room: Sunrise) Davide G. Sangiovanni Linkoeping University, Sweden “Toughness Enhancement in Transition Metal Nitride Thin Films by Alloying and Valence Electron Concentration Tuning” (Paper B7.1-10, Tuesday 11:00 am pm, Room: Royal Palm 1-3) Moritz To Baben RWTH Aachen University, Germany “The Effect of Nitrogen Content on Stability and Elastic Properties of TiAIN Studied by ab Initio Calculations and Combinatorial Reactive Magnetron Sputtering” (Paper B7.2-1, Tuesday 1:50 pm, Room: Royal Palm 1-3) * * * Please plan to attend the ICMCTF Awards Convocation Wednesday, 5:45 pm in the Golden Ballroom * * * xvii
Page 1 and 2: I C M C T F 2 0 1 2 INTERNATIONAL C
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS Welcoming Remarks
Page 5 and 6: 2012 ICMCTF SCHEDULE OF EVENTS DAY
Page 7 and 8: SYMPOSIUM A Coatings for Use at Hig
Page 9 and 10: Marco Cremona Pontificia Universida
Page 11 and 12: Exhibitor Keynote Lecture Tuesday,
Page 13 and 14: 2011/12, discuss ideas and prioriti
Page 15 and 16: At the focus topic, from the experi
Page 17: 2012 R.F. Bunshah Annual Award & IC
Page 21 and 22: ICMCTF 2012 thanks Plansee for thei
Page 23 and 24: ICMCTF 2012 thanks AJA Internationa
Page 25 and 26: ICMCTF 2012 thanks CemeCon for thei
Page 27 and 28: ICMCTF 2012 Short Courses April 22
Page 29 and 30: ICMCTF 2012 Planning Grid We provid
Page 31 and 32: Key to Session/Paper Numbers A Coat
Page 33 and 34: Monday Morning, April 23, 2012 Fund
Page 35 and 36: New Horizons in Coatings and Thin F
Page 37 and 38: Fundamentals and Technology of Mult
Page 39 and 40: Advanced Characterization of Coatin
Page 41 and 42: Hard Coatings and Vapor Deposition
Page 43 and 44: Tribology & Mechanical Behavior of
Page 45 and 46: Hard Coatings and Vapor Deposition
Page 47 and 48: Coatings for Use at High Temperatur
Page 49 and 50: Applications, Manufacturing, and Eq
Page 51 and 52: Wednesday Afternoon, April 25, 2012
Page 61 and 62: Thursday Afternoon Poster Sessions
Page 69 and 70:
Thursday Afternoon Poster Sessions
Page 71 and 72:
Tribology & Mechanical Behavior of
Page 73 and 74:
Free Caricatures & Massages!! E-1 V
Page 75 and 76:
ICMCTF 2012 EXHIBIT HALL Internatio
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I C M C T F 2012 S P O N S O R S Bo
Page 79 and 80:
All in Good Measure A 24 µm scan o
Page 81 and 82:
Call For Abstracts Deadline: MAY 2,
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CC800 ® /9 HIPIMS true integration
Page 86:
Exhibit Hall Reception - Atlas Ball
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Kaufman & Robinson announces their
Page 93 and 94:
Miba Coating Group is the specialis
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PLANSEE SE, 6600 Reutte, Austria, T
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� ��
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Plenary Talk Room: Golden Ballroom
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content. Analyses of the oxidised c
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- The control on the gradient in re
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μ = 0.4 to μ = 0.9). On the other
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Hard Coatings and Vapor Deposition
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application tests the ta-C coated d
Page 113 and 114:
4:10pm C2-2/F4-2-10 Investigation o
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process with surfactant on WO3/ITO
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is already reported. To further com
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conditions. The details of the comp
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esidual stress and to the Poisson
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Coatings for Use at High Temperatur
Page 125 and 126:
eactive gases with the target mater
Page 127 and 128:
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emerging fields. State-of-the-art t
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transparent conducting layers. Howe
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methods provide similar carrier den
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of AISI 52100 steels by developing
Page 137 and 138:
deposition based on high power puls
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
coatings removed from the aluminum
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spectroscopy varies from 25 at% to
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This article describes how to use s
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een demonstrated both theoretically
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Furthermore, the silane coupling ag
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10:40am A1-1-9 High temperature oxi
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10:40am B4-2-10 Understanding the d
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11:00am B5-1-10 Hard nanocrystallin
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* Sandia National Laboratories is a
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fluidized bed of tin, zinc and alum
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
mechanical and chemical properties.
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duration for super-low friction see
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stainless steel DIN X42Cr13 surface
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2:30pm TS1-1-3 Surface engineering
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Page 173 and 174:
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X-ray diffraction patterns of the Z
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11:20am B6-1-11 Direct current magn
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loading situations could help to ob
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Energetic Materials and Micro-Struc
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The present work was supported by t
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silica-based hydrophilic coatings i
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extent depending on the actual grow
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[1] F. Tasnádi, B. Alling, C. Hög
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eproducibility of the preparation o
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showed by the uncoated 4140 steel s
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polarization resistance and corrosi
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thin films in which a multiscale mo
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centers, ascribed to conduction ele
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BP-26 Characterization of laser abl
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BP-38 Stress signature of an amorph
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simultaneously optimize materials p
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CP-17 Effects of UV Light Treatment
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amorphous structure with a smooth s
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addition, it was observed that the
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EP-5 The effective Indenter concept
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the substrates directly or after ra
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as-grown films using textured Si as
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proposed memory device exhibits exc
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FP-24 Effect of hydrogen addition o
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oxide obtained was correlated to th
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Post Deadline Discoveries and Innov
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chemical bonds have also been achie
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9:40am B3-1-6 Compressive stress ge
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10:20am D2-1-8 Corrosion Resistance
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property combination is attractive
Page 235 and 236:
PVD is a challenging task. The pres
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Chang, G.W.: C2-3/F4-3-3, 29; GP-3,
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Huang, K.H.: BP-33, 102 Huang, P.H.
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Moody, N.R.: F6-1-1, 7 Moon, S.: D1
Page 243 and 244:
Szeremley, D.: G3-1-7, 68 Szesz, E.
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NOTES 145
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Description of Research Highlights:
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their presentations in order to eva
Page 251 and 252:
NOTES 151
Page 253 and 254:
153
Page 255 and 256:
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