ICMCTF 2012! - CD-Lab Application Oriented Coating Development

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GP-10 An experimental study on a large area multi-electrode discharge in the fabrication of microcrystalline thin film solar cell, H. Seo (shseo69@kaist.ac.kr), S. Lee, Y. Chang, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea Recently, there have been many research for higher deposition rate (DR) and good uniformity of μc-Si:H film in large-area discharge. Two factors should be the most important issues in the fabrication of the thin film solar cell. In order to solve these issues, several dicahrge conditions, including large area electrode (more than 1.1 mx1.3 m), higher pressure (more than 1 Torr), and very high-frequency RF power (more than 40 MHz), have attracted. But, in the case of large-area capacitive discharges (CCP) driven at high frequencies, the effect caused by the standing wave should be important limitation. Furthermore, the ion damage on the thin film layer by the high sheath voltage can cause the defects, which degrade the film quality. Here, we will propose new CCP electrode concept, which consists of a series of electrodes and grounds arranged by turns, and provide the processing results. The high DR (1 nm/s), the controllable crystallinity (~70%), and the relatively good uniformity can be obtained at the high frequency of 40 MHz in the large-area discharge (280 mm x 540 mm). And, we will show the TEM images of the μc-Si:H films at the various conditions of μc-Si:H films, and discuss the crystal formation compared to the case of VHF CCP. Finally, we will discuss the issues in expanding the multielectrode to the 8G class large-area plasma processing (2.2 mx2.4 m) and in improving the process efficiency. GP-11 Advanced PVD coatings in a combination with a new intermetallic substrate for hobs - A major step forward in productivity, P. Immich (pimmich@lmt-fette.com), U. Kretzschmann, U. Schunk, R. Fischer, LMT Fette Werkzeugtechnik, Germany The ever increasing demand for higher productivity in manufacturing gears requires advanced hard coatings and new substrate materials. Up to now in this field of gear manufacturing two different substrate materials are availed for single-piece hobs: powder metallurgy high-speed steel (PM-HSS) and cemented carbide. Today PM-HSS has a market share around 70% offering limited cutting speeds for wet and dry conditions on labile machine conditions. On the other hand cemented carbide offers from the technical point of view strong performance related features like high cutting speeds up to 400 m/s on stable machine conditions. . But due to the fact, that hobs have a typical life cycle time of 10-15 recondition cycles– hobs are often demounted – packed and shipped – decoated- regrinded and coated again- could cause small handling or production damages that result in a shorter tool life time and less reliability of the production process. Additionally using cemented carbide hobs required often new hob machines with stable machine conditions. To fill this gap, a new generation of substrate material was developed based on intermetallic phases. This cutting material offers compared to conventional PM-HSS higher hot hardness and as result from this higher cutting speeds. In fact today hobs are coated and e.g. dry gear cutting is only possible with coated tools due to the prevention of chip welding. Today hob coatings that are available on the commercial market mainly based on TiAlN system applied by AIP and Sputter PVD processes. Since the last years a strong development towards higher wear resistance coatings by adding e.g. silicon to the TiAlN-system can be observed. But these systems are limited. Now there is a significant switch in the market towards the system Cr-Al-N offering higher oxidation resistance and higher wear resistance. In this regard different state of the art coatings are applied on this new hob material and tested in laboratory scale and industrial filed tests. Especially a new developed AlCrN multilayer coating offers a higher wear resistance compared to state of the art coatings. As a result of these investigations it is possible to increase cutting speeds up to 50% compared to conventional coated PM-HSS hobs GP-12 Adhesive-free gas adsorption joining of cycloolefin polymer film and glass sheet, Y. Taga (y-taga@isc.chubu.ac.jp), Thin film research Center, Chubu University, Japan Attempt has been made to join glass and cycloolefin polymer (COP) film by gas adsorption method at low temperature. Gas coadsorption of water vapor in air atmosphere and silane coupling agent (SCA) gasses was carried out on both surfaces after sophisticated plasma treatment. SCA of glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPS) was adsorbed on glass sheet and aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APS) on COP. Thicknesses of glass sheet and COP film were both 100μm. Joining was carried out by annealing at 130� for 10 min after lamination. A necessary condition for joining of COP and glass is at first to make the contact surfaces clean, where surface cleanliness was evaluated by contact angle of water droplet. Surface functional group of O-H can be seen on glass after corona plasma treatment. On the other hand, XPS spectra of C1s from COP surface after plasma Thursday Afternoon Poster Sessions 124 treatment revealed the existence of complex functional group of O-H, CO, C=O, COO and CO3 . Joining force was found to be of more than 10MP corresponding to almost equal to COP bulk tensile strength. Thickness of joining layer was evaluated by XPS and found to be 2-5 nm. In addition, durability of strength thus joined remained unchanged over 2000 hrs even after exposure to the conditions of 60 � and 95% RH. Joining mechanism can be explained in terms of epoxy reaction and amino reaction to form covalent bonding such as O-Si-O and O-Si-C. In conclusion, adhesive-free gas adsorption joining of glass and COP was carried out and established strong adhesion and durability at low temperature under ultimate joining thickness of 2-5 nm. GP-13 Silicon oxide permeation barrier coating of PET in microwave plasmas with arbitrary substrate bias, S. Steves (steves@aept.rub.de), Electrical Engineering and Plasma Technology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany, B. Oezkaya, Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Germany, M. Rudolph, M. Deilmann, Electrical Engineering and Plasma Technology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany, C.N. Liu, Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Germany, N. Bibinov, Electrical Engineering and Plasma Technology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany, O. Ozcan, G. Grundmeier, Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Germany, P. Awakowicz, Electrical Engineering and Plasma Technology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany Plastics such as PET offer poor barrier properties against gas permeation. For applications of PET in food packaging the shelf live is reduced compared to glass or metal containers. Barrier performance is enhanced by depositing a transparent plasma polymerized silicon oxide (SiOx) coating on the inner surface of the PET bottle. A permeation barrier coating of the inner surface of PET bottles and PET foils is developed by means of a microwave driven low pressure plasma reactor based on a modified Plasmaline antenna. A substrate bias with arbitrary waveforms is applied. Thus, the substrate electrode voltage is feedback controlled using fast Fourier transformation. The influence of a substrate bias leading to variable ion energy distributions is investigated with respect to the characteristics of plasma and coating. Properties of coating are correlated with plasma characteristics. Barrier properties are determined concerning oxygen permeation. The composition of the coatings regarding carbon and hydrogen content is analyzed by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Good oxygen barriers are observed as carbon content in the film is reduced. Atomic oxygen etching of the coated substrate visualizes coating defects responsible for a residual permeation. Crack formation mechanisms are studied in-situ by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) using an AFM-stage to apply a desired strain. In addition, the evaluation of water up-take in barrier films was performed. The results show how process parameters such as gas composition and substrate bias have an impact on properties of permeation barrier coatings. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support provided by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) within the framework of SFB-TR 87, the Ruhr-University Research School, Aurion Anlagentechnik Seligenstadt and the Center for Plasma Science and Technology – CPST (Ruhr-Universität Bochum). GP-14 Fluidized Bed Machining (FBM) of thermally sprayed cobaltchromium and chromium oxide coatings, M. Barletta (barletta@ing.uniroma2.it), S. Guarino, V. Tagliaferri, F. Trovalusci, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Italy In the present paper, Fluidized Bed Machining (FBM) of thermally sprayed coatings is proposed. In particular, aluminium cylindrical components coated by High Velocity Oxy Fuel (HVOF) with Stellite 6 (cobaltchromium alloy) and by Atmospheric Plasma Spraying (APS) with chromium oxide were exposed to the impact of suspended abrasives, while rotating at high speed within the fluidization column. The interaction between Al2O3 abrasive media and surfaces of the thermally sprayed coatings was studied, identifying the effect of the main process parameters, such as machining time, abrasive mesh size and rotational speed. The change in surface morphology as a function of the process parameters was evaluated by Field Emission Gun – Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEG- SEM) and contact gauge prof ilometry. The change in the size of the machined parts was measured by Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM). The experimental findings emphasize an improvement in the finishing as well as in the dimensional accuracy of the processed surfaces was achieved whatever the setting of the operational parameters, showing FBM as a very promising technique in the reprocessing of thermally sprayed coatings. Key words: Fluidized Bed; Abrasive; Grinding; Thermally Sprayed <strong>Coating</strong>s; Morphology; Dimensional Tolerance.
Post Deadline Discoveries and Innovations Room: Golden Ballroom - Session PDP PDP-1 Oxidation resistance coatings of Ir-Zr and Ir by double glow plasma, W.P. Wu, Z.F. Chen (zhaofeng_chen@163.com), X.N. Cong, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China Refractory metals have low coefficients of thermal expansion. The ability of refractory metals to withstand extreme temperatures without significantly expanding or softening makes them useful as nozzle inserts in solid or liquid rocket-motor environments. However, the oxidation resistance for refractory metals is poor. Iridium (Ir) has a high melting temperature, excellent chemical compatibility and stability, low oxygen permeability and good oxidation resistance. Many of features of Ir make itself suitable for protecting the refractory metals from higher temperature damage and then have a longer service life. However, Ir does not form a condensed oxide due to the vapor species. In order to provide enhanced high temperature protection over a wide range of operating conditions, the refractory metals could be improved by depositing a graded coating of Ir-Zr. In this article, the Ir-Zr and Ir coatings were produced on molybdenum substrate by double glow plasma technology. The structure and composition of the Ir-Zr and Ir coatings were conformed by SEM, AFM, XRD and EDS. The adhesion between the coating and the substrate was evaluated by a scratch tester. Thermal stability and oxidation resistance of Ir-Zr and Ir coatings were evaluated at high temperature. PDP-2 A comparative study on hot corrosion resistance of three types of thermal barrier coatings: YSZ, YSZ/normal Al2O3 and YSZ/nano Al2O3, M. Daroonparvar (re_dr7@yahoo.com), M.S. Hussain, Universiti Teknologi, Malaysia Hot corrosion is one of the principal destructive factors in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) at high temperatures. Low quality fuels usually consist of impurities such as Na and V which can form Na2SO4 and V2O5 salts onto the turbine blades. Hence, hot corrosion resistance of three types of plasma sprayed TBCs was investigated: (a) normal YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia), (b) layer composite of (YSZ / normal Al2O3 as an outer layer) and (c) layer composite of (YSZ/ nano Al2O3 as an outer layer). Hot corrosion tests were done onto the coatings in molten salts (45%Na2SO4 +55%V2O5) at 1000 0 C for 52 h. The cracking and the premature spallation were observed in normal YSZ coating. The formation of monoclinic ZrO2 and YVO4 large crystals as hot corrosion products caused the degradation of the mentioned TBC. Although monoclinic ZrO2 and YVO4 crystals had been considerably reduced in (YSZ / normal Al2O3) in comparison with normal YSZ, YVO4 crystals had main role in creation of micro-cracks in (YSZ / normal Al2O3) coating. Nano alumina coating as an outer layer in YSZ/ nano Al2O3 significantly reduced the penetration of molten salts into the YSZ layer and resulted in the further resistance of TBC against hot corrosion, because the hot corrosion products had been substantially decreased in YSZ/ nano Al2O3 coating in comparison with YSZ/normal Al2O3 and usual YSZ coatings. Key words: Hot corrosion; YSZ; TBC; nano Al2O3 layer; YVO4 crystals; normal Al2O3;monoclinic ZrO2 PDP-3 Determination of the local mechanical properties and residual stresses of an a-C:H coating system by nanoindentation and FIB milling, C. Schmid (christoph.schmid@ww.uni-erlangen.de), V. Maier, Schaufler, M. Göken, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany, K. Durst, University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Germany It is a common technique to enhance the adhesion of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) coatings on steel substrates by applying adhesion layers based on different elements like Cr or Si. They frequently show a complex assembly with distinct chemical and mechanical gradients on a length scale in the submicron range. Therefore a correlation between the local mechanical properties and the corresponding chemical composition of these layers is difficult. In this work a Si-based adhesion layer for a-C:H coatings with a thickness of about 1 µm was investigated. The coating system was deposited by PECVD and the adhesion layer consists of a silicon rich layer followed by an adjacent ramp layer with a graded chemical composition. The adhesion layer was characterized in terms of microstructure, chemical composition and local mechanical properties by means of focused ion beam (FIB), auger electron spectroscopy and nanoindentations. Using the small-angle cross-section method detailed information on the local mechanical properties as hardness and Young`s modulus as well as on the chemical composition of the adhesion layer was obtained. It was found that the mechanical properties are strongly influenced by the chemistry of the adhesion layer. In addition, residual stresses in the a-C:H coating were determined by means of FIB and digital image correlation (DIC). For this a H-bar was FIB milled in the a-C:H coating which causes the residual stresses to relax locally. By determining the resulting displacements with DIC and correlating them to an appropriate finite element analysis the residual stresses can be quantified. For the a-C:H coating residual compressive stresses of about – 2 GPa were found. PDP-4 A simple FIB milling technique for residual stress measurements on thermally cycled NiAl bond coats, M. Krottenthaler (markus.krottenthaler@ww.uni-erlangen.de), C. Schmid, R. Webler, J Schaufler, S. Neumeier, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany, K. Durst, University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Germany, M. Göken, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany PDP-5 In-Situ TEM Observations of Indenting Deformation and Fracture of Bone Nanopillars, S.Y. Chang (shouyi@dragon.nchu.edu.tw), Y.T. Wang, Y.C. Huang, C.M. Chen, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan Clarifying the correlations among the structures, mechanical properties and deformation and fracture behaviors of hierarchical bone tissue at a nanometer scale will improve the research in bone nanomechanics and the development of biomedical coatings and implants. Thus in this study, the nanostructures of normal and osteoporotic mouse bone were characterized; nanoscopic deformation and fracture were examined by the in-situ observations of bone nanopillars under indentations in transmission electron microscopy. Normal mouse bone comprised densely-packed hydroxyapatite crystallites and plied collagen fibers, and presented a ductile fracture toughened by microcracking, crack deflections and ligament bridging. Lattice distortions and a large number of dislocations that formed in mineral crystals consumed applied strain energy additionally. Upon osteoporosis, mouse bone changed to a loose structure with dispersed mineral crystals in a matrix of ground substance. The loss of collagen fibers, the sliding and rotations of dispersed crystals and also the intergranular fracture along the weak matrix led to the brittleness of the osteoporotic bone tissue. PDP-6 In situ deposition and characterization of B-C-N films, H. Alagoz, M.F. Genisel, E. Bengu (bengu@fen.bilkent.edu.tr), D. Inan, Bilkent University, Turkey We have deposited and characterized coordination preference in B-C-N films as a function of deposition parameters using a new multi-chamber system which allows for the of deposition of coatings in a chamber not only kept under UHV (~ 10 -10 mbar) conditions, but also enables in situ characterization. With the help of this system, contamination of freshly prepared surfaces due to exposure to ambient is eliminated prior to analysis with a monochromated XPS system (energy resolution < 0.7 eV). Furthermore, the need for ion-etching for the removal of the contaminated layers prior to XPS analysis is also eliminated allowing for the direct access to pristine film surface. Our results regarding B-C-N films indicated findings contrary to our earlier ex situ findings. XPS, Raman and FTIR data from depositions carried out under ex situ conditions suggested increasing the substrate bias and/or increasing N2 flow rate during depositions triggered formation of an hexagonal network of well defined separate B-N and C-C dominated domains. This is generally considered as an evidence for phase segregation. On the other hand, in situ characterization of B-C-N films deposited with comparable deposition parameters in the multi-chamber system suggested the evidence of a significant C-N bonding component. In some cases, nitrogen coordinated carbon amount is even found to be more than carboncarbon coordination. Overall, we have encountered enough evidence to suggest that the local coordination of atoms in B-C-N films deposited in the UHV chamber and analyzed in situ are notably different than B-C-N films deposited in a HV chamber and analyzed ex situ. While our investigations are ongoing to uncover the possible root causes, we would like to raise the question regarding whether residual gases in a chamber is a significant player in defining the final chemistry and structure such as the long standing case of c-BN deposition. Symposium TS Poster Session Room: Golden Ballroom - Session TSP TS Poster Session TSP-1 A route to strong p-doping of epitaxial graphene on SiC, U. Schwingenschlögl (udo.schwingenschlogl@kaust.edu.sa), Y.C. Cheng, N. Singh, KAUST, Saudi Arabia Epitaxial graphene on SiC shows n-type behavior due to interaction with the SiC substrate. However, for metal-oxide-semiconductor applications, it is important to induce p-type doping in graphene. Recent work has shown that an Au layer deposited on a graphene monolayer (GML) develops into an 125 Thursday Afternoon Poster Sessions
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I C M C T F 2 0 1 2 INTERNATIONAL C
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Welcoming Remarks
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2012 ICMCTF SCHEDULE OF EVENTS DAY
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SYMPOSIUM A Coatings for Use at Hig
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Marco Cremona Pontificia Universida
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Exhibitor Keynote Lecture Tuesday,
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2011/12, discuss ideas and prioriti
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At the focus topic, from the experi
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2012 R.F. Bunshah Annual Award & IC
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ICMCTF 2012 Graduate Student Awards
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ICMCTF 2012 thanks Plansee for thei
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ICMCTF 2012 thanks AJA Internationa
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ICMCTF 2012 thanks CemeCon for thei
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ICMCTF 2012 Short Courses April 22
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ICMCTF 2012 Planning Grid We provid
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Key to Session/Paper Numbers A Coat
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Monday Morning, April 23, 2012 Fund
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New Horizons in Coatings and Thin F
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Fundamentals and Technology of Mult
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Advanced Characterization of Coatin
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Hard Coatings and Vapor Deposition
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Tribology & Mechanical Behavior of
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Coatings for Use at High Temperatur
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Applications, Manufacturing, and Eq
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Wednesday Afternoon, April 25, 2012
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Thursday Afternoon Poster Sessions
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Free Caricatures & Massages!! E-1 V
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ICMCTF 2012 EXHIBIT HALL Internatio
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I C M C T F 2012 S P O N S O R S Bo
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All in Good Measure A 24 µm scan o
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Call For Abstracts Deadline: MAY 2,
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CC800 ® /9 HIPIMS true integration
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Exhibit Hall Reception - Atlas Ball
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Kaufman & Robinson announces their
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Miba Coating Group is the specialis
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PLANSEE SE, 6600 Reutte, Austria, T
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� ��
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Plenary Talk Room: Golden Ballroom
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content. Analyses of the oxidised c
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- The control on the gradient in re
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μ = 0.4 to μ = 0.9). On the other
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application tests the ta-C coated d
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4:10pm C2-2/F4-2-10 Investigation o
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process with surfactant on WO3/ITO
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is already reported. To further com
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conditions. The details of the comp
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esidual stress and to the Poisson
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eactive gases with the target mater
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emerging fields. State-of-the-art t
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transparent conducting layers. Howe
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methods provide similar carrier den
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of AISI 52100 steels by developing
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deposition based on high power puls
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coatings removed from the aluminum
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spectroscopy varies from 25 at% to
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This article describes how to use s
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een demonstrated both theoretically
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Furthermore, the silane coupling ag
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10:40am A1-1-9 High temperature oxi
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10:40am B4-2-10 Understanding the d
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11:00am B5-1-10 Hard nanocrystallin
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* Sandia National Laboratories is a
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fluidized bed of tin, zinc and alum
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mechanical and chemical properties.
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duration for super-low friction see
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stainless steel DIN X42Cr13 surface
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2:30pm TS1-1-3 Surface engineering
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Page 173 and 174: Hard Coatings and Vapor Deposition
Page 175 and 176: X-ray diffraction patterns of the Z
Page 177 and 178: 11:20am B6-1-11 Direct current magn
Page 179 and 180: loading situations could help to ob
Page 181 and 182: Energetic Materials and Micro-Struc
Page 183 and 184: The present work was supported by t
Page 185 and 186: silica-based hydrophilic coatings i
Page 187 and 188: extent depending on the actual grow
Page 189 and 190: [1] F. Tasnádi, B. Alling, C. Hög
Page 191 and 192: eproducibility of the preparation o
Page 193 and 194: showed by the uncoated 4140 steel s
Page 195 and 196: polarization resistance and corrosi
Page 197 and 198: thin films in which a multiscale mo
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Page 201 and 202: BP-26 Characterization of laser abl
Page 203 and 204: BP-38 Stress signature of an amorph
Page 205 and 206: simultaneously optimize materials p
Page 207 and 208: CP-17 Effects of UV Light Treatment
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Page 211 and 212: addition, it was observed that the
Page 213 and 214: EP-5 The effective Indenter concept
Page 215 and 216: the substrates directly or after ra
Page 217 and 218: as-grown films using textured Si as
Page 219 and 220: proposed memory device exhibits exc
Page 221 and 222: FP-24 Effect of hydrogen addition o
Page 223: oxide obtained was correlated to th
Page 227 and 228: chemical bonds have also been achie
Page 229 and 230: 9:40am B3-1-6 Compressive stress ge
Page 231 and 232: 10:20am D2-1-8 Corrosion Resistance
Page 233 and 234: property combination is attractive
Page 235 and 236: PVD is a challenging task. The pres
Page 237 and 238: Chang, G.W.: C2-3/F4-3-3, 29; GP-3,
Page 239 and 240: Huang, K.H.: BP-33, 102 Huang, P.H.
Page 241 and 242: Moody, N.R.: F6-1-1, 7 Moon, S.: D1
Page 243 and 244: Szeremley, D.: G3-1-7, 68 Szesz, E.
Page 245 and 246: NOTES 145
Page 247 and 248: Description of Research Highlights:
Page 249 and 250: their presentations in order to eva
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Page 255 and 256: MARK YOUR CALENDAR FOR ICMCTF 2013!
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ICMCTF 2012! - CD-Lab Application Oriented Coating Development

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