ICMCTF 2012! - CD-Lab Application Oriented Coating Development

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that the H of anodic films increased compared with Ti substrate (2,2GPa) while elastic modulus decreased (110GPa). DP-17 Investigation of Wear, Corrosion and Tribocorrosion Properties of AZ91 Mg Alloy Coated by Micro arc Oxidation Process in the Different Electrolyte Solution, E. Demirci (e_ebrudemirci@hotmail.com), Ataturk University, Turkey, E. Arslan, College of Erzurum, Turkey, V.K. Ezirmik, Ataturk University, Turkey, O. Baran, Erzincan University, Turkey, Y. Totik, Turkey, İ. Efeoglu, Yildiz, Ataturk University, Turkey Micro arc oxidation (MAO) is an effective technique to improve the surface properties of light materials by forming ceramic films on the surface. A number of studies have been carried out for depositing on Mg and Mg alloys. However, only a few have focused on wear, corrosion or tribocorrosion properties. In this study, MAO process was carried out on AZ91 Mg alloy in two different electrolyte solution namely phosphatesilicate and potassium stannate. The microstructures, morphology and crystallographic structure were analyzed by SEM and XRD. The wear, corrosion and tribocorrosion properties of the coatings were investigated by pin-on-disc wear test, potentiodynamic polarization test and combining tribocorrosion test unit, respectively. The results showed that solution has an important role on the wear, corrosion and tribocorrosion resistance of MAO coating. Key Words: Mg alloys, MAO process, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and tribocorrosion resistance. DP-18 Effect of Nitrogen Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation Treatment on Corrosion Resistance and Cell Responses of Biomedical Ti and Ti-6Al-4V Metals, H.H. Huang (hhhuang@ym.edu.tw), S. Wang, C.H. Yang, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, W.F. Tsai, C.F. Ai, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taiwan Ti and Ti-6Al-4V metals are widely used in biomedical applications. However, excessive surface corrosion of Ti and Ti-6Al-4V may lead to the biological side effects. In this study, nitrogen plasma immersion ion implantation (N-PIII) treatment was utilized to improve the surface mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and cell responses of biomedical Ti and Ti-6Al-4V metals. The N-PIII treatment with different applied voltages, 5 and 20 kV, were used. Various surface characteristics, including hardness, Young’s modulus, chemical composition and topography were analyzed. The corrosion resistance of the test specimens was studied using the potentiodynamic polarization curve measurement in simulated body fluid. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were used for testing the cell responses, including cell adhesion, cell proliferation and cell mineralization. Results showed that the N-PIII treatment slightly increased the surface roughness of Ti and Ti-6Al-4V. Through N-PIII treatment, a thin TiN film (< 200 nm in thickness) could form on Ti and Ti-6Al-4V. The presence of TiN on Ti and Ti-6Al-4V increased the surface hardness, surface Young’s modulus, corrosion resistance and cell responses (i.e. better cell spreading, cell proliferation and cell mineralization), especially at a higher N-PIII treatment voltage. We would conclude that the N-PIII treatment increased the corrosion resistance and cell responses of biomedical Ti and Ti-6Al-4V metals. Tribology & Mechanical Behavior of Coatings and Engineered Surfaces Room: Golden Ballroom - Session EP Symposium E Poster Session EP-1 About the identification of generic tribological parameters, M.C. Fuchs (marcus.fuchs@s2003.tu-chemnitz.de), N. Schwarzer, Saxonian Institute of Surface Mechanics, Germany To obtain tribological parameters like Archards wear depth parameter kd usually requires some severe effort in performing and analyzing complex tribological experiments. The poster features an approach where such parameters are extracted from effective interaction potentials [1], which themselves are built up and fed from more physical measurements like nanoindentation and physical scratch test [2]. By using such effective material potentials one can derive critical loading situations leading to failure (decomposition strength). A subsequent connection of these decomposition or failure states with the corresponding stress or strain distributions allows the development of rather comprehensive tribological parameter models applicable in wear and fatigue simulations as demonstrated in this work. [1] N. Schwarzer: "Short note on the effect of pressure induced increase of Young's modulus". Phil. Mag., submitted July 2011 Thursday Afternoon Poster Sessions 112 [2] N. Schwarzer et al.: "Optimization of the scratch test for specific coating designs". Surface & Coatings Technology, accepted 2011. EP-2 Gradient of tribological and mechanical properties of diamondlike carbon films grown on Ti6Al4V alloy with different condition of interlayer preparation, G. Martins, Clorovale Diamantes S.A., Brazil, C. Silva, J. Machado, E. Corat, V. Trava-Airoldi (vladimir@las.inpe.br), Institute for Space Research, Brazil Ti6Al4V alloy are used on advanced aerospace systems, as a biomaterials, etc., because of their properties like high strength to weight ratio and excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility compared to many other metal alloys. In order to improve such applications, it is necessary to improve its tribological and mechanical properties and a good choice is the deposition of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating with very high adhesion. DLC films are well known for their low friction, high hardness and good wear resistance. The adhesion between a DLC coating and Ti6Al4V alloy can be enhanced by the application of an interlayer of diverse materials. In this work, it was used a silicon interlayer that was deposited with different controlled ion energy, generating singular ion subimplantation profiles on the titanium alloy substrate. The DLC films were deposited using a modified PECVD pulsed-DC discharge under controlled conditions to obtain maximum hardness, minimum stress and maximum deposition rate. Tribological and mechanical tests were made to observe the friction and wear gradient of the samples. The tribometer was adjusted for ball-on-plate mode, in the reciprocating manner, in a humidity of 26 ± 2% RH and a temperature of 25 ± 1 ºC. The scratching tests were made in order to study the adhesion of DLC coatings on Ti6Al4V alloy as a function of silicon interlayer parameters of obtaining. The samples were also characterized by micro and nano-identation to observe the hardness profile, and Raman spectroscopy to verify the structural arrangement of carbon atoms. It was observed that the adhesion between DLC film and substrate is strongly related to gradient of mechanical and tribological properties of the substrate from the bulk to the surface. EP-3 Synthesis and characterization of high flatness diamond-like carbon films deposited by filtered cathodic arc deposition, D.Y. Wang (jackaljr@mdu.edu.tw), S.W. Lin, W.C. Chen, MingDao University, Taiwan The diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have been widely applied to various areas for as protective coating for its superior properties of high hardness, low friction coefficient, high wear resistance, and chemical inertness. In this study, the tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) films were synthesized by using a self-design filtered cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA) system. The effect of substrate bias( from -50V to -250V) on the surface morphology of the films were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The ta-C film shows a uniform and smooth surface morphology and a dense cross-section texture. The electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were employed to characterize the microstructure and carbon bond properties of DLC coatings. According to the results of Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) we found that the sp 3 fractions between 70% ~ 80%. When substrate bias was -100V, the maximum hardness of the film was 32 GPa. The surface particle density was decreased 60% than unfiltered process and the particle size was less than 2nm. Keyword : Filtered Cathodic-Arc Deposition, Diamond-Like Carbon, surface flatness EP-4 Effect of oxygen and nitrogen content on mechanical and tribological properties of Mo-N-O thin films, M. Hromadka, P. Novak, J. Musil (musil@kfy.zcu.cz), R. Cerstvy, Z. Soukup, University of West Bohemia, Czech Republic The paper reports on preparation of Mo-N-O thin films deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering in an argon-oxygen-nitrogen atmosphere. The effect of oxygen and nitrogen content in gas mixture on mechanical properties (hardness H, effective Young´s modulus E * , elastic recovery We) and tribological properties (coefficient of friction μ, wear rate k) of Mo-N-O films were investigated in detail. Correlations between the mechanical and the tribological properties of the Mo-N-O film were also investigated. It was found that (i) there is no signifficant difference between the tribological behaviour of the δ-MoN and γ-Mo2N films (ii) the addition of oxygen in discharge results in increase of the coefficient of friction (from 0.3 to 0.5) (iii) hardness (H), effective Young´s modulus (E * ) E * =E/(1-ν 2 ) and the ratio H 3 /E *2 , characterizing the resistance of film to plastic deformation, increases with increasing amount of nitrogen in film (iv) the deposition rate of the MoN film decreases with increasing partial pressure of N2 from 283 to 140 nm/min.
EP-5 The effective Indenter concept applied to a comprehensive 3D infinitesimal wear model, N. Bierwisch (n.bierwisch@siomec.de), N. Schwarzer, Saxonian Institute of Surface Mechanics, Germany A new sophisticated wear model has been developed on the basis of the effective indenter concept [1, 2] by using the extended Hertzian approach [3]. Fed properly from physically performed experiments like ordinary Nanoindentation and lateral Nanoindentation via effective interaction potentials the models do not only allow to analyze certain tribological experiments like the well known pin-on disk test, but also to forward simulate such tests and even give hints for better component life-time predictions. The work will show a few examples. [1] N. Schwarzer, G. M. Pharr: „On the evaluation of stresses during nanoindentation with sharp indenters ”, Thin Solid Films, Vol.469-470C pp. 194-200 [2] N. Schwarzer, T. Chudoba, G. M. Pharr: „On the evaluation of stresses for coated materials during nanoindentation with sharp indenters ”, Surf. Coat. Technol, Vol 200/14-15 pp 4220-4226 [3] N. Schwarzer: "The extended Hertzian theory and its uses in analysing indentation experiments", Phil. Mag. 86(33-35) 21 Nov - 11 Dec 2006 5153 – 5767, Special Issue: “Instrumented Indentation Testing in Materials Research and Development” EP-6 Mechanical Characterization of RF-DC Plasma Nitrided Tool Steels, T. Aizawa (taizawa@sic.shibaura-it.ac.jp), Shibaura Institute of Technology, Japan, Y. Sugita, YS Electric Industry, Co. Ltd., Japan Pulse-enhanced plasma nitriding has been widely utilized as an industrial surface treatment. Various types of steel parts and components with variety of dimensional geometry are plasma-nitrided with high qualification in the nitrided layers and with controllability of hardness profile; e.g. formation of white layers is disliked in the nitrided tool steels. The present paper aims at lower temperature nitriding; RF-DC plasma nitriding method is proposed to describe the inner nitriding behavior of tool steels with comparison to the conventional DC-plasma and pulse-enhanced plasma nitriding processes. This new nitriding system works around 2 MHz with automatic matching; RF and DC conditions are independently controlled and wide range of pressure is also utilized for nitriding. First, SKD-11 substrate is employed to investigate the effect of holding temperature, pressure and hydrogen to nitrogen gas ratio on the surface hardness. After pre-sputtering for 900 s, plasma nitriding is performed by RF (200 V) and DC (-500 V) for 7200 s at 753 K; the average hardness reaches to 1100 to 1300 in the dependent manner on the RF-volt and pressure. Uniform nitriding takes place after observation on the cross-sectional SEM and optical microstructure images. Fine distribution of CrN with less population of iron nitrides in the nitrided layer is responsible for relatively high hardness even by lower temperature nitriding. EP-7 Patterned Film Effects on the Adhesion of Al/TiN Barrier using Fracture-Energy Based Finite Element Analysis, C.C. Lee (changchunlee@cycu.edu.tw), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taiwan, C. S. Wu, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taiwan, B.F. Hsieh, S.T. Chang, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan Currently, TiN films in the nanoscale order are widely used as barriers in multi-level interconnect systems of semiconductor devices. However, when an external loading or thermal stress is applied, the adhesion capability between barriers and conductive metals increases the likelihood of the interfacial delamination of dissimilar thin films, which is one of the important reliability issues in advanced interconnect technology. To quantify the adhesion of Al/TiN thin film, finite element analysis based on the interfacial fracture theory is presented to estimate precisely the cracking energy of the thin film. Through a comparison of four-point bending test data with the predicted results, the proposed simulated methodology is validated to be highly reliable in estimating the interfacial energy release rate of Al/TiN stacked films. Furthermore, the analysis results also indicate that the thickness and Young’s modulus of dielectrics within testing samples both have a significant effect on the interfacial cracking energy of Al/TiN thin film. EP-8 Cyclic Creep and Fatigue Testing of Nanocrystalline Copper Thin Films, Y.T. Wang, C.J. Tong, W.T. Tseng, M.T. Lin (mingtlin@nchu.edu.tw), National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan A microtensile testing for studying the cyclic fatigue mechanical properties of freestanding nanocrystalline copper thin film with thickness of submicrometer was performed to observe its mechanical response under tension-tension fatigue experiments with a variety of stress amplitude and mean stress conditions at cyclic loading frequencies up to 20 Hz. Tensile sample loading was applied using a piezoelectric actuator. Loads were measured using a capacitance gap sensor with a mechanical coupling to the sample. The experiments were carried out with feedback to give load control on sputter deposited 300, 500 and 700 nm Cu thin films. Loading cycles to failure reached over 10^6 at low mean load with a trend of decreasing cycles to failure with increasing mean load and load amplitude as anticipated. The cyclic results provided clear evidence for a cyclic creep rate dependent and change in failure mechanism from crack formation to extended plasticity as the mean load and load amplitude are decreased. Moreover, the length scale dependence on fatigue mechanism and cyclic creep of tested films were observed. EP-9 On the determination of coating toughness during nanoindentation, J. Chen (Jinju.chen82@gmail.com), Newcastle University, UK The ceramic coatings have fulfilled a wide range of functions such as wear resistance, energy storage, and optical properties. Due to their low fracture toughness, however, they usually show complex crack characteristics when these ceramic coatings are in contact with foreign objects. Such local cracks can affect the integration of the entire component as well as the function of the coatings. In order to optimise the material selection, design and fabrication, it is essential to determine the fracture toughness. Nanoindentation tests have been widely used to evaluate fracture toughness of brittle materials. With decrease of the coating thickness and the introduction of complex composition and structure, the fracture morphology becomes more complicated. This increases the difficulty in determining fracture toughness. For the thin coatings, energy based models have been shown to be effective. Based on determination of unloading curve at the start and end points of the crack induced pop-in, one can assess fracture toughness. However, the existing models give a loose bound of fracture toughness limits. Therefore, an improved method has been proposed based on a refined approach to determine the unloading curve at the start and end points of the crack induced pop-in. The semi-analytical generalized expressions have been presented to determine the fracture toughness of coatings for nanoindentation tests performed under both load and displacement control. This has provided a valuable theoretical guideline to determine fracture toughness from the energy point of view. Furthermore, this approach has been validated by nanoindentation tests on various coatings. EP-10 Scratch Test of Optimized TiSiN Coating Deposited Via A Combination of DC and RF Magnetron Sputtering, A.R.Bushroa. Abdul Razak (bushroa@um.edu.my), University of Malaya, Malaysia, B. Beake, Micro Materials Ltd, UK, M. Haji Hasan, University of Malaya, Malaysia, M.R. Muhammad, Multimedia University, Malaysia An optimized magnetron sputtered TiSiN coating on a high speed steel substrate was fabricated using a combination of direct current (DC) and radio frequency (RF) power in a physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique. Controlled samples were also developed for a comparison, whereby the DC power was varied at 300 and 400 W. The optimized sample was coated at 500 W. A scratch test was performed to investigate wear resistant of the coating. The test was done with at least nine constant load wear cycles on the coating. The coating deposited with DC power of 300 and 400 W failed after 4 th and 6 th cycles, but the coating of 500 W resisted wear even after 9 th cycle. This result was supported with the optical image of scratch track, whereby no evidence of chipping, delamination and total exposure of substrate were observed. Mechanical property of optimized coating was also investigated for tribological performance. The value of effective ratio of hardness to relative modulus (H/Er*) was discussed to relate with the wear resistance. Furthermore, failure mode of 3 distinguished stages of deposited coating was explored. EP-11 Evaluation of Adhesion of TiAlN/CrN Multilayer Coatings Deposited by CFUBMS, H. ÇİÇEK (hikmetcicek25@hotmail.com), Ataturk University, Turkey, Ç. Laloğlu, Turkey, Ö. Baran, Erzincan University, Turkey, E. Demirci, V. EZİRMİK, İ. EFEOĞLU, Ataturk University, Turkey TiAlN/CrN multilayer films widely used to increase the life of the materials in industry especially cutting tools and machine parts which work high velocity and dry friction conditions. One of the important factors affecting the performance of coatings is the adhesion of film to the substrate. This work, TiAlN/CrN films were coated on M2 tool steels by CFUBMS according to the taguchi technique. Microstructurel and mechanical properties of these films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, SEM and micro hardness tester. And adhesion properties of these films determined by scratch tester. The obtained results from the adhesion test evaluated with hardness, thickness and structure of the films. 113 Thursday Afternoon Poster Sessions
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I C M C T F 2 0 1 2 INTERNATIONAL C
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Welcoming Remarks
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2012 ICMCTF SCHEDULE OF EVENTS DAY
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SYMPOSIUM A Coatings for Use at Hig
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Marco Cremona Pontificia Universida
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Exhibitor Keynote Lecture Tuesday,
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2011/12, discuss ideas and prioriti
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At the focus topic, from the experi
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2012 R.F. Bunshah Annual Award & IC
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ICMCTF 2012 Graduate Student Awards
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ICMCTF 2012 thanks Plansee for thei
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ICMCTF 2012 thanks AJA Internationa
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ICMCTF 2012 thanks CemeCon for thei
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ICMCTF 2012 Short Courses April 22
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ICMCTF 2012 Planning Grid We provid
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Key to Session/Paper Numbers A Coat
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Monday Morning, April 23, 2012 Fund
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New Horizons in Coatings and Thin F
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Fundamentals and Technology of Mult
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Advanced Characterization of Coatin
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Hard Coatings and Vapor Deposition
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Tribology & Mechanical Behavior of
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Coatings for Use at High Temperatur
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Applications, Manufacturing, and Eq
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Wednesday Afternoon, April 25, 2012
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Thursday Afternoon Poster Sessions
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Free Caricatures & Massages!! E-1 V
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ICMCTF 2012 EXHIBIT HALL Internatio
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I C M C T F 2012 S P O N S O R S Bo
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All in Good Measure A 24 µm scan o
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Call For Abstracts Deadline: MAY 2,
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CC800 ® /9 HIPIMS true integration
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Exhibit Hall Reception - Atlas Ball
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Kaufman & Robinson announces their
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Miba Coating Group is the specialis
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PLANSEE SE, 6600 Reutte, Austria, T
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� ��
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Plenary Talk Room: Golden Ballroom
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content. Analyses of the oxidised c
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- The control on the gradient in re
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μ = 0.4 to μ = 0.9). On the other
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application tests the ta-C coated d
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4:10pm C2-2/F4-2-10 Investigation o
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process with surfactant on WO3/ITO
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is already reported. To further com
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conditions. The details of the comp
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esidual stress and to the Poisson
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eactive gases with the target mater
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emerging fields. State-of-the-art t
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transparent conducting layers. Howe
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methods provide similar carrier den
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of AISI 52100 steels by developing
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deposition based on high power puls
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coatings removed from the aluminum
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spectroscopy varies from 25 at% to
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This article describes how to use s
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een demonstrated both theoretically
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Furthermore, the silane coupling ag
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10:40am A1-1-9 High temperature oxi
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10:40am B4-2-10 Understanding the d
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11:00am B5-1-10 Hard nanocrystallin
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* Sandia National Laboratories is a
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fluidized bed of tin, zinc and alum
Page 161 and 162: Coatings for Use at High Temperatur
Page 163 and 164: mechanical and chemical properties.
Page 165 and 166: duration for super-low friction see
Page 167 and 168: stainless steel DIN X42Cr13 surface
Page 169 and 170: 2:30pm TS1-1-3 Surface engineering
Page 171 and 172: Coatings for Use at High Temperatur
Page 173 and 174: Hard Coatings and Vapor Deposition
Page 175 and 176: X-ray diffraction patterns of the Z
Page 177 and 178: 11:20am B6-1-11 Direct current magn
Page 179 and 180: loading situations could help to ob
Page 181 and 182: Energetic Materials and Micro-Struc
Page 183 and 184: The present work was supported by t
Page 185 and 186: silica-based hydrophilic coatings i
Page 187 and 188: extent depending on the actual grow
Page 189 and 190: [1] F. Tasnádi, B. Alling, C. Hög
Page 191 and 192: eproducibility of the preparation o
Page 193 and 194: showed by the uncoated 4140 steel s
Page 195 and 196: polarization resistance and corrosi
Page 197 and 198: thin films in which a multiscale mo
Page 199 and 200: centers, ascribed to conduction ele
Page 201 and 202: BP-26 Characterization of laser abl
Page 203 and 204: BP-38 Stress signature of an amorph
Page 205 and 206: simultaneously optimize materials p
Page 207 and 208: CP-17 Effects of UV Light Treatment
Page 209 and 210: amorphous structure with a smooth s
Page 211: addition, it was observed that the
Page 215 and 216: the substrates directly or after ra
Page 217 and 218: as-grown films using textured Si as
Page 219 and 220: proposed memory device exhibits exc
Page 221 and 222: FP-24 Effect of hydrogen addition o
Page 223 and 224: oxide obtained was correlated to th
Page 225 and 226: Post Deadline Discoveries and Innov
Page 227 and 228: chemical bonds have also been achie
Page 229 and 230: 9:40am B3-1-6 Compressive stress ge
Page 231 and 232: 10:20am D2-1-8 Corrosion Resistance
Page 233 and 234: property combination is attractive
Page 235 and 236: PVD is a challenging task. The pres
Page 237 and 238: Chang, G.W.: C2-3/F4-3-3, 29; GP-3,
Page 239 and 240: Huang, K.H.: BP-33, 102 Huang, P.H.
Page 241 and 242: Moody, N.R.: F6-1-1, 7 Moon, S.: D1
Page 243 and 244: Szeremley, D.: G3-1-7, 68 Szesz, E.
Page 245 and 246: NOTES 145
Page 247 and 248: Description of Research Highlights:
Page 249 and 250: their presentations in order to eva
Page 251 and 252: NOTES 151
Page 253 and 254: 153
Page 255 and 256: MARK YOUR CALENDAR FOR ICMCTF 2013!
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