FATE OF MERCURY IN THE ARCTIC Michael Evan ... - COGCI

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Fate of Mercury in the Arctic Paper 7: Roos-Barraclough F; Givelet N; Martinez-Cortizas A; Goodsite M E; Biester H; Shotyk W An analytical protocol for the determination of total mercury concentrations in solid peat samples. Science of the Total Environment (2002 Jun 20), 292(1-2), 129-39.
The Science of the Total Environment 292 (2002) 129–139 An analytical protocol for the determination of total mercury concentrations in solid peat samples a, a b c,1 d F.Roos-Barraclough *, N.Givelet , A.Martinez-Cortizas , M.E.Goodsite , H.Biester , W.Shotyka,d Abstract aGeological Institute, University of Berne, Baltzerstrasse 1, 3012 Berne, Switzerland Department of Soil Science, University of Santiago di Compostela, Santiago di Compostela, Spain cDepartment of Chemistry, Odense University, Odense, Denmark dInstitute of Environmental Geochemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany b Received 10 November 2000; accepted 20 December 2001 Traditional peat sample preparation methods such as drying at high temperatures and milling may be unsuitable for Hg concentration determination in peats due to the possible presence of volatile Hg species, which could be lost during drying.Here, the effects of sample preparation and natural variation on measured Hg concentrations are investigated.Slight increases in mercury concentrations were observed in samples dried at room temperature and at y1 y1 30 8C (6.7 and 2.48 ng kg h , respectively), and slight decreases were observed in samples dried at 60, 90 and y1 y1 105 8C (2.36, 3.12 and 8.52 ng kg h , respectively).Fertilising the peat slightly increased Hg loss (3.08 ng y1 y1 y1 y1 kg h in NPK-fertilised peat compared to 0.28 ng kg h in unfertilised peat, when averaged over all temperatures used).Homogenising samples by grinding in a machine also caused a loss of Hg.A comparison of two Hg profiles from an Arctic peat core, measured in frozen samples and in air-dried samples, revealed that no Hg losses occurred upon air-drying.A comparison of Hg concentrations in several plant species that make up peat, showed that some species (Pinus mugo, Sphagnum recurvum and Pseudevernia furfuracea) are particularly efficient Hg retainers. The disproportionally high Hg concentrations in these species can cause considerable variation in Hg concentrations within a peat slice.The variation of water content (1.6% throughout 17-cm core, 0.97% in a 10=10 cm slice), bulk density (40% throughout 17-cm core, 15.6% in a 10=10 cm slice) and Hg concentration (20% in a 10=10 cm slice) in ombrotrophic peat were quantified in order to determine their relative importance as sources of analytical error.Experiments were carried out to determine a suitable peat analysis program using the Leco AMA 254, capable of determining mercury concentrations in solid samples.Finally, an analytical protocol for the determination of Hg concentrations in solid peat samples is proposed.This method allows correction for variation in factors such as vegetation type, bulk density, water content and Hg concentration in individual peat slices.Several subsamples from *Corresponding author.Tel.: q41-31-6318761; fax: q41-31-631-4843. E-mail address: fiona.roos@geo.unibe.ch (F.Roos-Barraclough). 1 Present address: Department of Atmospheric Environment, National Environmental Research, Denmark. 0048-9697/02/$ - see front matter � 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII: S0048-9697Ž 02. 00035-9
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Submitted to Atmospheric Environmen
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1. Introduction Mercury in the atmo
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For all flux measurements, heating
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esponse switching valves supplied b
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3.1 RGM flux measurements The resul
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estimating for Alert an average spr
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References 1. Businger J.A. and Onc
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Table captions Table 1. RGM mass ra
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Figure 2. RGM pg m-3 350 300 250 20
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Table 2 DAYHOURMON avg.temp avg.WS
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Fate of Mercury in the Arctic Paper
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FIGURE 1. Schematic diagram of the
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mass flow controller to 10 L/min an
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FIGURE 3. Trends in Hg 0 (upper plo
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FIGURE 6. Trends in several Hg spec
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FIGURE 7. Spatial patterns in month
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(51) Ebinghaus, R.; Kock, H. H.; Te
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The fate of elemental mercury in Ar
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Ozone was measured with an UV absor
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demonstrating that BrO and ClO with
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In the model the removal of GEM lea
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15. Kemp, K. and Wåhlin, P. Applic
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GEM, ng/m 3 Fig 3. GEM against ozon
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Page 198 and 199: Introduction The perennial oxidatio
Page 200 and 201: Ariya et al. (11) have shown recent
Page 202 and 203: Table 1 lists the binding energies
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Page 258 and 259: ABSTRACT Mercury concentrations are
Page 260 and 261: INTRODUCTION Atmospheric pollution
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Page 276 and 277: leachable fraction, and 32.1 µg/g
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Page 280 and 281: caused by the introduction of gasol
Page 282 and 283: porewaters reveals the influence of
Page 284 and 285: For example, Hg may become adsorbed
Page 286 and 287: of the GL profile. Comparison with
Page 288 and 289: further improve our knowledge of pr
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Page 292 and 293: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We are grateful to
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Bindler, R. (2003) Estimating the n
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of Southern Denmark. Goodsite, M.E.
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MacKenzie AB, Farmer JG, Sugden CL.
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Schroeder, W.H. and Munthe, J. (199
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Table 1. AMS 14 C dating of plant m
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Table 3. Pb isotope data of leachat
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esidual fractions of the “B” co
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Depth (cm) Depth (cm) a b 0 -10 -20
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Hg accumulation rate (µg/m2/yr) 10
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Depth (cm) a Pb/Zr = UCC Depth (cm)
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Depth (cm) a Depth (cm) b 0 -10 -20
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Depth (cm) Depth (cm) a b 0 -10 -20
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Saturday, 28 December 2002 (Revised
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INTRODUCTION Recent research utiliz
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In addition, the coring system incl
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and testing prior to the Carey Isla
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Development of thi
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Fig. 5. The stainless steel (AISI 3
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Fig. 2. 13
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Fig. 4. 15
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Fig. 6. 17
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FATE OF MERCURY IN THE ARCTIC Michael Evan ... - COGCI

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