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75Figure 3-11 Brain-behavior maps for vocabulary and cortical thickness: These maps show the p-value for negativecorrelations between change in cortical thickness (time 2 minus time 1) and change in vocabulary raw scores (time2 minus time 1). Negative p-values (i.e., regions where greater thinning was associated with greater vocabularyimprovement) are represented in color according to the color bar, and regions in white were not significant. Positivecorrelations were not significant in the permutation analyses for any of the ROIs and are not shown here. See colorinsert. (Sowell et al., 2004a.)