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Figure 3-13 A, gray matter group-difference maps showing differences in gray matter density (percent difference) between the ADHD and control subjectsaccording to the color bar on the right. Warmer colors (above 0 on the color bar) are regions where gray matter density is greater in the ADHD thancontrol subjects, and cooler colors (below 0) are regions where the controls have greater gray matter density than the ADHD subjects. Note the approximately20 to 30 percent increase in gray matter density in temporal and inferior parietal regions bilaterally. B, gray matter density group-difference statisticalmaps showing the significance of gray matter differences between the ADHD and control subjects according to the color bar on the right (Pearson’scorrelation coefficients ranging from –0.5 to 0.5). Regions overlaid in yellow correspond to correlation coefficients that show significant increase in graymatter density in ADHD subjects at a threshold of p = 0.05, and those in red correspond to significant increase at a threshold of p = 0.01. Negative correlations(i.e., decreased gray matter density in ADHD patients relative to controls) are shown in white. See color insert. (Sowell et al., 2003b.)Mapping Adolescent Brain Change 79