SYNTHESIS OF NORBORNENE MONOMER OF PPV-C 60DYADS (TDC-I-056).SYNTHESISSynthesis <strong>of</strong> 1,4-bis(dodecyloxy)-2-methyl-benzene(TDC-I-001).A mixture <strong>of</strong> 1-iodoundecane (101.0g, 0.34 mol), 2-methylbenzene-1,4-diol(10.47 g, 0.08 mol), and potassium hydroxidegrinded pellets (37.88 g, 0.67 mol) in 200 mL <strong>of</strong> DMSO wasstirred at room temperature for 1 day. The reaction mixture waspoured into H2O and extracted with methylene chloride. The organiclayer was washed with water ( 3 X 300 mL) and dried overmagnesium sulfate. Excess <strong>of</strong> solvent was remove under reducepressure. The crude product was recrystillized from hot ethanolto give white solid. A second crop was further purified usingcharcoal to eliminate undesired brown color (38.64 g, 99.48%).1H NMR (300MHz, CDCl3 δ): 6.60-6.72 (m, 3H), 3.87 (t, J =6.3 Hz, 2H), 3.86 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 1.67-1.80 (m,4H), 1.20-1.46 (m, 39H), 0.86 (t, J = 6.8 Hz, 6H).Synthesis <strong>of</strong> 2,5-bis dodecyloxy-4-methyl-benzaldehyde(TDC-I-020).A Schlenk tube was charged with 1,4-bis-dodecyloxy-2-methyl-benzene (TDC-I-001, JYC-VI-044, JYC-VI-0046) (36.66g, 79.5 mmol). The Schlenk tube was evacuated and refilled withN 2. Under a nitrogen counterflow, add 50 mL <strong>of</strong> dry CH 2Cl 2.Thereaction mixture was allowed to cool down to 0°C in an ice bath.Titanium tetrachloride (17.4 mL, 0.15 mol) was added dropwiseusing a syringe. α,α- dichloromethyl methyl ether (98%) (7.1mL, 0.027 mol) was added dropwise via a syringe. Hydrogenchloride gas was generated and neutralized with 10% solution <strong>of</strong>NaOH. The reaction was stirred at 0°C for an hour. The reactionmixture was poured into ice and H 2O. The aqueous layer wasadjusted to pH~7. The organic layer was extracted with dichloromethaneand dried over magnesium sulfate. Excess <strong>of</strong> solventwas removed under reduce pressure. The crude product was recrystallizedfrom hot hexanes to give light brown solid (33.83 g,87.0%). Proton NMR indicates the presence <strong>of</strong> isomer mixture <strong>of</strong>3,6-bis-dodecyloxy-2-methylbenzaldehyde and 2,5-bis-dodecyloxy-4-methyl-benzaldehydein 9:1 ratio. The crude product waspurified by repeated column chromatography (three times) (silicagel, hexanes:dichloromethane = 7:3) to give pale yellow solid(21.17 g, 54.4%). 2,5-bis-dodecyloxy-4-methyl-benzaldehyde.1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl 3δ): 10.39 (s, 1H), 7.20 (s, 1H), 6.77(s, 1H), 4.01 (t, J = 6.3 Hz, 2H), 3.94 (t, J = 6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.25 (s,3H), 1.71-1.83 (m, 4H), 1.24-1.57 (m, 36H), 0.86 (t, J = 6.6 Hz,6H). HRMS-EI (m/z): M + calcd for C 32H 56O 3, 488.42295; found,488.42373.Synthesis <strong>of</strong> (E)-N-(2,5-bis(dodecyloxy)-4-methylbenzylidene)aniline (TDC-I-026).A mixture <strong>of</strong> 2,5-bis-dodecyloxy-4-methyl-benzaldehyde(TDC-I-020) (15.73 g, 0.03 mol), freshly distilled aniline ( 2.92mL, 0.032mol), 250 mL <strong>of</strong> ethanol, and 40 mL <strong>of</strong> benzene. ADean-Stark and condenser were used to remove water generatedin the reaction and shift the reaction to completion. The reactionmixture was refluxed at 95°C for 2 days. Excess solvent wereremove under reduce pressure. The crude product was recrystallizedfrom hot hexanes and charcoal was added to discolorthe solution. The crude product was <strong>of</strong>f-white solid (16.08 g,88.6%). 1 H NMR (300 MHz, C 6D 6, δ): 9.31 (s, 1H), 8.15 (s, 1H),7.34-7.35 (m, 2H), 7.15-7.21 (m, 2H), 6.97-7.01 (m, 1H), 6.68(s, 1H), 3.78 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.70 (t, J = 6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.35 (s,3H), 1.57-1.66 (m, 4H), 1.20-1.40 (m, 36H), 0.92 (t, J = 6.6 Hz,6H). 13 C{ 1 H} NMR (75 MHz, C 6D 6, δ): 156.24, 153.93, 152.22,132.41, 129.41, 128.32, 127.99, 127.67, 125.63, 123.93, 121.42,116.08, 109.27, 69.43, 68.38, 32.31, 30.10, 30.03, 29.99, 29.80,29.77, 29.74, 29.66, 26.45, 23.09, 17.19, 14.35.Synthesis <strong>of</strong> PPV (TDC-I-042).A Schlenk tube was charged with (E)-N-(2,5-bis(dodecyloxy)-4-methylbenzylidene)aniline (TDC-I-026) (4.5 g, 7.9 mmol). TheSchlenk tube was evacuated and refilled with nitrogen. Undercounterfolw <strong>of</strong> nitrogen 50 mL <strong>of</strong> dry DMF were added, and potassiumtert-butoxide (1.79 g, 16 mmol). The reaction mixturewas refluxed at 90°C for 3 days. The reaction mixture was monitoredthrough UV-VIS. The reaction mixture was treated withHCl to neutralize the potassium tert-butoxide. An orange solidwas recovered and it was washed with water, ethanol and acetone.The crude product was fluorescence. Proton NMR indicates that18 CMDITR Review <strong>of</strong> Undergraduate Research Vol. 2 No. 1 Summer <strong>2005</strong>
the reaction had not reached completion, because <strong>of</strong> the presence<strong>of</strong> imine in the region <strong>of</strong> 9.3 ppm. Excess <strong>of</strong> HCl was added tomixture <strong>of</strong> crude product and methanol, to complete the hydrolysis<strong>of</strong> imine to an aldehyde. The polymeric product was againcollected by vacuum filtration, washed with water, ethanol, andacetone, and dried under vacuum to give an orange solid (3.42 g).Based on proton NMR integration indicates n equals to 13 whichis consistent to the reported value in literature (n = 13).CLEVELANDSynthesis <strong>of</strong> Norbornene monomer <strong>of</strong> PPV-C 60dyads (TDC-I-056).A Schlenk round bottom flask (500 mL) was charged with PPV(0.71 g, 0.1 mmol), (6-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-yl-hexylamino)-acetic acid (51 mg, 0.2 mmol), C 60(72.4 mg, 0.1 mmol), and drytoluene (100 mL). The reaction mixture was refluxed at 120 °Covernight. Excess <strong>of</strong> solvent was remove under reduced pressure.Methanol was added reaction mixture and a dark brown solid wascollected by vacuum filtration. 1 H NMR spectrum <strong>of</strong> the darkbrown solid shows the disappearance <strong>of</strong> aldehyde resonance. Thedark brown solid did not show fluorescence properties.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSResearch support is gratefully acknowledged from the NationalScience Foundation Center on Materials and Devices forInformation Technology Research (CMDITR), DMR-0120967.CMDITR Review <strong>of</strong> Undergraduate Research Vol. 2 No. 1 Summer <strong>2005</strong> 19
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SYNTHESIS OF DENDRON-FUNCTIONALIZED
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BUILDING AN OPTICAL OXIMETER TO MEA
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TOWARD MOLECULAR RESOLUTION C-AFM W
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My name is Aaron Montgomery and I a
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1,1-DIPHENYL-2,3,4,5-TETRAKIS(9,9-D
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SYNTHESIS OF A POLYENE EO CHROMOPHO
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SYNTHESIS OF A POLYENE EO CHROMOPHO
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CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MOLECULAR P
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OPTIMIZATION OF SEMICONDUCTOR NANOP
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