Student Project Abstracts 2005 - Pluto - University of Washington

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My name is Aaron Montgomery and I am currently a third year student atthe University of Virginia. My current major is Mechanical Engineeringwith an Engineering and Business Minor. My expected graduate date is May2007. My plan after obtaining my degree is to pursue graduate school.84 CMDITR Review of Undergraduate Research Vol. 2 No. 1 Summer 2005
1,1-Diphenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrakis(9,9-dimethylfluoren-2-yl)silole Propertiesin Organic Light-Emitting Diodes and Organic-Field Effect TransistorsSarah MontgomeryPurdue UniversityBernard Kippelen, Benoit DomercqSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyOrganic light-emitting diodes (OLED) and organic field-effect transistors (OFET) havebeen central to current research because displays and integrated circuits made with organicmaterials can be fabricated on plastic, making them flexible and lightweight and potentiallyreducing production costs. OLEDs and OFETs were fabricated out of a new family of materialsbased on silole derivatives, specifically 1,1-Diphenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrakis(9,9-dimethylfluoren-2-yl)silole(XZ-III-20), shown in Scheme 1, using vapor deposition techniques.These devices were then tested to determine their physical characteristics and propertiesusing lab equipment and the software program LabView.INTRODUCTIONThe extent of research currently on OLEDs is extensive. Oneof the advantages of an OLED display to that of a liquid crystaldisplay (LCD) is it does not require a backlight which can ultimatelyreduce its size, power consumption and production cost.OLEDs consist of subsequent organic layers sandwiched betweenelectrodes that inject holes and electrons into the organic layers.The organic layers must transport holes, electrons and emit light.Holes are injected from the anode, a high work function metalwhile electrons are simultaneously injected from the cathode, alow work function metal. The differing electrodes call for differentorganic materials, a hole transport layer (HTL) that has a lowionization potential and an electron transport layer (ETL) that hasa high electron affinity [1]. Holes are transported in the HTLwhile electrons travel in the opposite direction through the ETL;the charges will either find an energy barrier between the HTLand ETL or at the emission layer and will ultimately recombine,creating an exciton which emits a photon when it relaxes to theground state.Siloles have been found to have close to 100% photoluminescenceefficiency, in turn allowing for a high external quantumefficiency of 8% [2]. This photoluminescence efficiency is overthree times higher than that of tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum(AlQ 3), one of the leading emitting electron transport layersused in OLEDs today. These silole materials are of interestbecause they are primarily singlet emitters but it has been proposedthat there may be phosphorescent emissions as well [2].XZ-III-20 has been the focus of this research. From its expectedelectron affinity and ionization potential which are comparableto N-N’-diphenyl-N-N’bis(3-methylphenyl)-[1-1’-biphenyl]-4-4’-diamine (TPD) and AlQ 3;it could be ambipolar or work effectivelyas both an ETL and a HTL. XZ-III-20 has four fluorenegroups attached to the silole. These fluorene groups decrease theionization potential of the silole material which could lead to favorablehole-transport properties.Scheme 2. Structure of a hole transport material: N-N’-diphenyl-N-N’bis(3-methylphenyl)-[1-1’-biphenyl]-4-4’-diamine (TPD).Scheme 1. 1,1-Diphenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrakis(9,9-dimethylfluoren-2-yl)silole (XZ-III-20).OFETs can be used in integrated circuits as a switching devicein technology such as computers and displays [3,4]. Likeinorganic field-effect transistors, OFETs are three terminal devicesconsisting of a gate, drain and source. In an OFET the gatevoltage controls the S-D current or I D. OFETs are being used todetermine the dominant charge carriers present in XZ-III-20 andCMDITR Review of Undergraduate Research Vol. 2 No. 1 Summer 2005 85
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The material is based upon work sup
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TABLE OF CONTENTSSynthesis of Dendr
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SYNTHESIS OF DENDRIMER BUILDING BLO
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throughout the work period. Five su
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BARIUM TITANATE DOPED SOL-GEL FOR E
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BARIUM TITANATE DOPED SOL-GEL FOR E
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SYNTHESIS OF NORBORNENE MONOMER OF
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using different reaction conditions
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Synthesis of Nonlinear Optical-Acti
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quality of the XRD structures wasca
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Behavioral Properties of Colloidal
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Transmission electron microscopy ha
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Page 36 and 37: areorient themselves with the elect
Page 38 and 39: Fabry-Perot modulators with electro
Page 42 and 43: QUANTIZED HAMILTON DYNAMICS APPLIED
Page 46 and 47: INVESTIGATING NEW CLADDING AND CORE
Page 48 and 49: Dr. Robert NorwoodChris DeRoseAmir
Page 50 and 51: SYNTHESIS OF TPD-BASED COMPOUNDS FO
Page 52 and 53: SYNTHESIS OF TPD-BASED COMPOUNDS FO
Page 54 and 55: OPTIMIZING HYBRID WAVEGUIDESpropaga
Page 56 and 57: At closer spaces the second undesir
Page 58 and 59: SYNTHESIS AND ANALYSIS OF THIOL-STA
Page 62 and 63: QUINOXALINE-CONTAINING POLYFLUORENE
Page 64 and 65: QUINOXALINE-CONTAINING POLYFLUORENE
Page 68 and 69: SYNTHESIS OF DENDRON-FUNCTIONALIZED
Page 72 and 73: BUILDING AN OPTICAL OXIMETER TO MEA
Page 78 and 79: TOWARD MOLECULAR RESOLUTION C-AFM W
Page 80 and 81: TOWARD MOLECULAR RESOLUTION C-AFM W
Page 82 and 83: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF E
Page 86 and 87: 1,1-DIPHENYL-2,3,4,5-TETRAKIS(9,9-D
Page 88 and 89: 1,1-DIPHENYL-2,3,4,5-TETRAKIS(9,9-D
Page 90 and 91: EFFECTS OF SURFACE CHEMISTRY ON CAD
Page 92 and 93: EFFECTS OF SURFACE CHEMISTRY ON CAD
Page 96 and 97: SYNTHESIS OF A POLYENE EO CHROMOPHO
Page 98 and 99: SYNTHESIS OF A POLYENE EO CHROMOPHO
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Page 104 and 105: CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MOLECULAR P
Page 108 and 109: OPTIMIZATION OF SEMICONDUCTOR NANOP
Page 110 and 111: OPTIMIZATION OF SEMICONDUCTOR NANOP
Page 112 and 113: CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PHOTODECOMP
Page 116 and 117: ELECTROLUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF OR
Page 120 and 121: DETERMINATION OF MOLECULAR ORIENTAT
Page 122 and 123: DETERMINATION OF MOLECULAR ORIENTAT
Page 124 and 125: HYDROGEL MATERIALS FOR TWO-PHOTON M
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Page 128 and 129: THE DESIGN OF A FLUID DELIVERY SYST
Page 130: THE DESIGN OF A FLUID DELIVERY SYST
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Student Project Abstracts 2005 - Pluto - University of Washington

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