wise use of mires and peatlands - Peatland Ecology Research Group

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160 FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USEA shallow lake formed on the bottom of a cutaway peatland in Rantsila, Finland. Photo:Raimo Sopo, September 1997. (§ 5.6.5 (4))Dr Harri Vasander showing a sample of peat moss taken from a sod peat pit in Aitoneva,Finland about 40 years after peat cutting was finished. Photo: Raimo Sopo, June 1997.(§ 5.6.5 (4))
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE16171See §§ 5.3 and 5.4. These additional boundaries,or rules, would involve the adaptation of thegeneral anthropocentric considerations andprinciples to include non-human entities withintrinsic value in the objects/subjects of Tables5/1 and 5/2, the general considerations 1 and 2and of the guidance principles 4, 6, 8, 10 and 14.72E.g. limits on our population, habits ofconsumption, and technologies of foodproduction as current practices in these areas arebased on attributing only instrumental values toorganisms.73Cf. Stone 1988. In the anthropocentric realmthis also applies to mentally disabled and unbornhuman beings.74I.e. the “rule of nonmaleficence” of Taylor 1986.75I.e. the “rule of non-interference” of Taylor 1986,implying a “hands off” policy. Depending on thetype of non-anthropocentric approach, theseentities may include individual organisms, species,or whole ecosystems. A constraint is anycondition that hinders or prevents the normalactivity and development of the entity inquestion.76In contrast to active, prescriptive duties; cf. Table4/3.77That entities suffer and die does not itself callfor corrective action when human beings havehad nothing to do with the cause of that sufferingand death. Suffering and death are integral aspectsof nature.78Methods to accomplish this would include (1)permanent habitat allocation: the permanentsetting aside of wilderness areas where otherentities may behave “according to their own will”,independent of any human objectives and freefrom human interference; (2) commonconservation: the sharing of resources while theyare being used by both human beings and nonhumanentities; (3) environmental integration:the integration of human constructions andactivities into natural surroundings in a way thatavoids serious ecosystem disturbance andenvironmental degradation; (4) rotation: givingother entities their chance at deriving benefitsfrom a particular area of the Earth, after humanbeings have also benefited from that area for alimited period of time. By occupying the area atdifferent time periods, both human beings andnon-human entities can meet basic needs. (Taylor1986).
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WISE USEOF MIRES AND PEATLANDS -BAC
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IMCG/IPS STATEMENT3CONTENTSGuide to
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IMCG/IPS STATEMENT5References .....
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IMCG/IPS STATEMENT7Peatlands are na
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IMCG/IPS STATEMENT9use of the peatl
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GUIDE TO THE USE OF THE DOCUMENT11a
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GUIDE TO THE USE OF THE DOCUMENT13A
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GUIDE TO THE USE OF THE DOCUMENT15b
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GUIDE TO THE USE OF THE DOCUMENT17c
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INTRODUCTION19resources. These help
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INTRODUCTION211998 Peatlands Under
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INTRODUCTION23●●●●●●●
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MIRES AND PEATLANDS252.2 PEAT FORMA
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MIRES AND PEATLANDS27Table 2/1: Eco
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MIRES AND PEATLANDS29Figure 2/3: Hy
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MIRES AND PEATLANDS31peat formation
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MIRES AND PEATLANDS33Outside the tr
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MIRES AND PEATLANDS35decay in the c
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MIRES AND PEATLANDS37formed peat an
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MIRES AND PEATLANDS39
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MIRES AND PEATLANDS41differs in thi
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MIRES AND PEATLANDS43Sieffermann et
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VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
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VALUES AND CONFLICTS: WHERE DIFFERE
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Page 109 and 110: VALUES AND CONFLICTS: WHERE DIFFERE
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Page 129 and 130: FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE129(2) Intern
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Page 133 and 134: FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE133(8) Educat
Page 135 and 136: FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE135the manage
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Page 139 and 140: FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE139well-being
Page 141 and 142: FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE141This summa
Page 143 and 144: FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE143knowledge
Page 145 and 146: FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE145Surwold Me
Page 147 and 148: FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE147Peatland-l
Page 149 and 150: FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE149Marine tra
Page 151 and 152: FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE151Bog prepar
Page 153 and 154: FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE153Peat-fired
Page 155 and 156: FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE155Cattle on
Page 157 and 158: FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE157Pristine p
Page 159: FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE159Fire on a
Page 163 and 164: GLOSSARY OF CONCEPTS AND TERMS163Ba
Page 165 and 166: GLOSSARY OF CONCEPTS AND TERMS165De
Page 167 and 168: GLOSSARY OF CONCEPTS AND TERMS167Fo
Page 169 and 170: GLOSSARY OF CONCEPTS AND TERMS169In
Page 171 and 172: GLOSSARY OF CONCEPTS AND TERMS171No
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Page 175 and 176: GLOSSARY OF CONCEPTS AND TERMS175So
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Page 179 and 180: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS179Lindsay, Richard
Page 181 and 182: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS181International Pe
Page 183 and 184: APPENDICES183APPENDICES
Page 185 and 186: APPENDIX I185Original 2002 2002Coun
Page 187 and 188: APPENDIX I187Philippines 300,000 10
Page 189 and 190: APPENDIX I189Country Total area Pea
Page 191 and 192: APPENDIX I191Country Total area Pea
Page 193 and 194: APPENDIX I193The other important as
Page 195 and 196: APPENDIX 2195Region Methane emissio
Page 197 and 198: APPENDIX 2197A2.3 THE ROLE OF PEATL
Page 199 and 200: APPENDIX 21991200010000FensBogskg C
Page 201 and 202: APPENDIX 2201Total C in 10 9 gUndis
Page 203 and 204: APPENDIX 2203source of carbon dioxi
Page 205 and 206: APPENDIX 4205APPENDIX 4PATTERNS OF
Page 207 and 208: APPENDIX 4207license from the relev
Page 209 and 210: APPENDIX 52093. Quality of decision
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APPENDIX 6211APPENDIX 6CODE OF COND
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APPENDIX 7213APPENDIX 7INTERNATIONA
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APPENDICES2151Based on information
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REFERENCES217REFERENCESAardema, M.,
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REFERENCES219Bedford, B.L., 1999, C
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REFERENCES221morning. Hunting and n
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REFERENCES223Application of static
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REFERENCES225Amsterdam, pp. 35-65.F
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REFERENCES227beautiful). Proceeding
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REFERENCES229595 p.IPCC, 1995, Clim
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REFERENCES231der Sitten (Ed. by Kra
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REFERENCES233are you harvested. Rev
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REFERENCES235Marschner, H., 1995, M
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REFERENCES237wet relationship. Tran
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REFERENCES239Växtsociologiska Säl
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REFERENCES241Peatland, Sarawak, Mal
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REFERENCES243Schäfer, A., and Dege
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REFERENCES245Sirin, A.A., Minaeva T
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REFERENCES247Princeton University P
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REFERENCES249Kluwer Academic Publis
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REFERENCES251Event, p. 222.Whinam,
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INDEX253INDEXAAapa mire 30, 42, 81,
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INDEX255Arrhenius Svante 99Art/arti
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INDEX257Black peat 41, 54, 56, 58,
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INDEX259Carex canescens 27Carex ces
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INDEX261Cloud condensation nuclei 7
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INDEX263Cross purposes 103Cross-cou
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INDEX265Dutch Foundation for the Co
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INDEX267Eurasia 60, 75, 196Europe 3
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INDEX269Freedom from arbitrary arre
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INDEX271Growing media 51-53, 136, 1
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INDEX273Hydrologic characteristics
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INDEX275ISO 14001 136Isotope 169Iso
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INDEX277Lathyrus palustris 27Latk F
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INDEX279Management Guidelines 19, 2
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REFERENCES281Modifiers 120, 127-128
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REFERENCES283New Caledonia 191New Z
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REFERENCES285PPacific North West 71
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REFERENCES287Photochemically active
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REFERENCES289Product diversificatio
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REFERENCES291Research 100Research n
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REFERENCES293Scotland 58, 59, 98Sco
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REFERENCES295Song of the Peatbog So
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REFERENCES297Suspended solids 56, 8
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REFERENCES299Triglochin palustre 27
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REFERENCES301Verlandungsmoore 26Ver
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REFERENCES303Wool 57Works of art 83
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