wise use of mires and peatlands - Peatland Ecology Research Group
wise use of mires and peatlands - Peatland Ecology Research Group
wise use of mires and peatlands - Peatland Ecology Research Group
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GLOSSARY OF CONCEPTS AND TERMS165DeforestationDeglaciationDegraded soilsDenitrificationDiscount rateDiscountingDistributionalconcernsEcocentrismEcologicalcompensationEcologicalegalitarianism<strong>Ecology</strong>Economic valueEcosystemEcosystemApproachEgalitarian principleEndogenousEntityEnvironmentalImpact StatementCutting most or all <strong>of</strong> the trees in a forested area. Deforestationcontributes to warming by releasing carbon dioxide, changingthe albedo (amount <strong>of</strong> sunlight reflected from the surface)<strong>and</strong> reducing the amount <strong>of</strong> carbon dioxide taken out <strong>of</strong> theatmosphere by trees.Melting <strong>of</strong> glaciers at the end <strong>of</strong> the Ice Age.Soils that have lost their original instrumental (mostlyagricultural) value.The process by which nitrates or nitrites are reduced to nitrogencontaininggases, as by bacterial action on soil.A measure <strong>of</strong> how cost <strong>and</strong> benefits that will happen in the futurecompare to cost <strong>and</strong> benefits today. The opportunity cost <strong>of</strong>applying resources.A method <strong>of</strong> estimating the present value <strong>of</strong> future cash flows.By extension, a method for estimating the present value <strong>of</strong> futureevents.Concerns regarding the distribution <strong>of</strong> benefits to different sections<strong>of</strong> the population.Moral position that attaches intrinsic value to all entities, i.e. toeverything that is.The principle that harmful effects on ecosystems, e.g. <strong>mires</strong> <strong>and</strong>peatl<strong>and</strong>s, should be balanced by compensatory conservationmeasures by the <strong>use</strong>r.The moral position that every form <strong>of</strong> life has equal value.a. The science <strong>of</strong> the relationships between organisms <strong>and</strong>their environments.b. The relationship between organisms <strong>and</strong> their environment.Contribution made to economic well-being.A dynamic complex <strong>of</strong> plant, animal <strong>and</strong> micro-organismcommunities <strong>and</strong> their non-living environment interactingas a functional unit.A strategy for the integrated management <strong>of</strong> the l<strong>and</strong>, water <strong>and</strong>living resources <strong>of</strong> an ecosystem which promotes conservation<strong>and</strong> sustainable <strong>use</strong> in an equitable way. It recognises that humanbeings are an integral component <strong>of</strong> many ecosystems.The principle that one should be concerned not only with thetotal good but also with its distribution: a smaller quantity <strong>of</strong> goodthat is equally distributed is preferred to a larger total <strong>of</strong> whichsome have a disproportionate share.Derived or originating internally.Anything which exists whether physically or conceptually.A public document assessing the probable or possible impact onthe environment <strong>of</strong> a proposed project.
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