224 REFERENCESconservation, Vol 39, No. 3 May - June p. 209-211.Etzioni, A., 1998, A communitarianperspective on sustainable communities. In:D. Warburton, D., (Ed.): Community <strong>and</strong>sustainable development. Participation in thefuture. Earthscan, London, pp. 40-51.Eurola, S., <strong>and</strong> Huttunen, A. (Eds.), 1985,Proceedings <strong>of</strong> the field symposium onclassification <strong>of</strong> mire vegetation, Hailuoto -Kuusamo, Sept. 5-13, 1983. Aquilo Ser.Botanica 21: 1-120.EUROPARC <strong>and</strong> IUCN, 1999, Guidelines forprotected area management categories -Interpretation <strong>and</strong> application <strong>of</strong> the protectedarea management categories in Europe.EUROPARC <strong>and</strong> WCPA, Grafenau.Fairbanks, A. (Ed.), 1898, Xenophanes.Fragments <strong>and</strong> Commentary. In: The FirstPhilosophers <strong>of</strong> Greece. K. Paul, Trench,Trubner, London, pp. 65-85.Fankha<strong>use</strong>r, S., <strong>and</strong> Tol, R., 1996, ClimateChange Costs: Recent advancements in theeconomic assessment <strong>of</strong> climate change costs.Energy Policy, V24, No. 7, p. 665.Fansa, M. (Ed.), 1993, Moorarchäologie inNordwest-Europa. Isensee, Oldenburg.FAO-UNESCO, 1988, Soil map <strong>of</strong> the World -revised legend. World Soil Resources Report60, Rome.Farber S., 1996, The economic welfare loss <strong>of</strong>projected Louisiana wetl<strong>and</strong>s disintegration.Contemporary Economic Policy 14: No. 1 p.92 - 106.Feehan, J. <strong>and</strong> O’Donovan J., 1996, The Bogs<strong>of</strong> Irel<strong>and</strong>, University College DublinEnvironmental Institute, Dublin, Irel<strong>and</strong>.Fenton, A., 1987, Country Life in Scotl<strong>and</strong> -our rural past, John Donald, Edinburgh.Finlayson, C.M., <strong>and</strong> Van der Valk, A.G. (Eds.),1995, Classification <strong>and</strong> inventory <strong>of</strong> theworld’s wetl<strong>and</strong>s. Vegetatio 118: 1-192.Finnish Forest <strong>Research</strong> Institute, 2001,Finnish Statistical Yearbook <strong>of</strong> Forestry.Flessa, H. <strong>and</strong> Klemisch, M., 1997, Nitrousoxide emission from differently cultivatedorganic soils <strong>of</strong> the Donaumoos in southernGermany. (Abstract). 7th InternationalWorkshop on Nitrous Oxide Emissions. 21.-23. April, Köln.Forestry Stewardship Council, 2000, FSCPrinciples <strong>and</strong> Criteria, <strong>and</strong> related documents,www.fscoax.org.Forster, A., 1898. , Uber Torfwolle. Zeitschriftfur die Gesamte Textilindustrie Heft 9:131-134.Foss, P., 1998, National overview <strong>of</strong> thepeatl<strong>and</strong> resource <strong>of</strong> Irel<strong>and</strong>. In: O’Leary, G.,<strong>and</strong> Gormley, F., (Eds.): Towards aconservation stategy for the bogs <strong>of</strong> Irel<strong>and</strong>pp. 3-20. Irish Peatl<strong>and</strong> Conservation Council,Dublin.Francez, A. <strong>and</strong> Vas<strong>and</strong>er, H., 1995, Peataccumulation <strong>and</strong> peat decomposition afterhuman disturbance in French <strong>and</strong> Finnish<strong>mires</strong>. Acta Oecologica, 16, 599-608.Frank, R.H., 1985, Choosing the right pond -Human behavior <strong>and</strong> the quest for status.Oxford Univ. Press, New York/Oxford.Frank, R.H., 1999, Luxury fever - Why moneyfails to satisfy in an era <strong>of</strong> excess. Free Press,New York.Franklin, J.F., 1989, Importance <strong>and</strong>justification <strong>of</strong> long-term studies in ecology.In: Likens, G.E. (Ed.): Long-Term Studies in<strong>Ecology</strong>. Approaches <strong>and</strong> AlternativesSpringer, New York, pp. 3-19.Franzén, L. G., 1997, Reply to Rodhe’s <strong>and</strong>Malmer’s (RM). Comments <strong>of</strong> Franzén et al.“Principles for a climate regulation mechanismduring the late Phanerozoic Era, based oncarbon fixation in peat-forming wetl<strong>and</strong>s”.Ambio 26: 188-189.Franzén, L.G., 1994, Are wetl<strong>and</strong>s the key tothe ice-age cycle enigma? Ambio 23, 300-308.Franzén, L.G., Deliang, C., <strong>and</strong> Klinger, L.F.,1996, Principles for a climate regulationmechanism during the Late Phanerozoic Era,based on carbon fixation in peat-formingwetl<strong>and</strong>s. Ambio 25: 435-442.Freeman, C., Ostle, N., <strong>and</strong> Kang, H., 2001,An enzymic ‘latch’ on a global carbon store.Frenzel, B., 1983, Mires - repositories <strong>of</strong>climatic information or self-perpetuatingecosystems. In:. Gore, A.P.J., (Ed.): Mires:Swamp, Bog, Fen <strong>and</strong> Moor. Ecosystems <strong>of</strong>the World 4A General Studies. Elsevier,
REFERENCES225Amsterdam, pp. 35-65.Fricker, D, The Business Case: Preparing aCost Benefit Analysis, Business Synetics.Frost, C.C., 1995, Presettlement fire regimesin southeastern marshes, peatl<strong>and</strong>s <strong>and</strong>swamps. In: Cerulean, S.I., <strong>and</strong> Engstrom, R.T.,(Eds.): Fire in wetl<strong>and</strong>s: a managementperspective. Tall Timbers <strong>Research</strong> Station,Tallahassee, pp. 39-60.Früh, J. <strong>and</strong> Schröter, C., 1904, Die Moore derSchweiz. Beitr. Geol. Schweiz. Geogechn. Ber.3.Fuchsman, C.H., 1980, Peat. Industrialchemistry <strong>and</strong> technology. Academic Press,New York, 279 p.Fuel <strong>Research</strong> Board, 1921, The winning,preparation <strong>and</strong> <strong>use</strong> <strong>of</strong> PEAT in Irel<strong>and</strong> -Reports <strong>and</strong> other documents, Department <strong>of</strong>Scientific <strong>and</strong> Industrial <strong>Research</strong>. HMSO,London.Fuke, Y., 1994, The medicinal herbs <strong>and</strong> theircharacteristics in the Sanjiang plain swampregion, China. In: Xianguo, L., & <strong>and</strong> Rongfen,W. (Ed.): Wetl<strong>and</strong> environment <strong>and</strong> peatl<strong>and</strong>utilization. Jilin People’s Publishing Ho<strong>use</strong>,Changchun, pp. 511-516.Gailey, A., <strong>and</strong> Fenton, A., (Eds.), 1970, Thespade in Northern <strong>and</strong> Atlantic Europe. UlsterFolk M<strong>use</strong>um, Holywood/Institute <strong>of</strong> IrishStudies, Belfast.Galambosi, B, Takkunen, N., <strong>and</strong> Repcak, M.,2000, The effect <strong>of</strong> regular collection <strong>of</strong>Drosera rotundifolia in natural peatl<strong>and</strong>s inFinl<strong>and</strong>: plant density, yield <strong>and</strong> regeneration.Suo 51: 37-46.Galambosi, B., Takkunen, N., <strong>and</strong> Repcak, M.,1998, Can we replace collection <strong>of</strong> Droseraby cultivation ? In: Medicinal plant trade inEurope: Conservation <strong>and</strong> supply:Proceedings <strong>of</strong> the first internationalsymposium on the conservation <strong>of</strong> medicinalplants in trade in Europe., 22-23 June 1998,Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK, pp. 131-139.Gams, H. <strong>and</strong> Ru<strong>of</strong>f, S., 1929, Geschiichte,Aufbau und Pflanzendecke desZehlaubruches, Schr. Phys.-Ökon.Gesellschaft Königsberg 66, 1, 1-192.Garve, A., 1966. Murderer’s fen. Germanedition: Wilhem Goldmann, München.Gelbrecht, J., Koppisch, D., <strong>and</strong> H. Lengsfeld,2000, Nordostdeutsche Niedermoore alsAkkumulationsräume. In: M. Succow, M, <strong>and</strong>H. Joosten, H., (Eds.):L<strong>and</strong>schaftsökologische Moorkunde. 2nd ed.Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, pp. 38-40.Georgiou, S., Whittington, D., Pearce, D., <strong>and</strong>Moran, D., 1997, Economic values <strong>and</strong> theenvironment in the developing world. EdwardElgar, Cheltenham.Gerding, M.A.W., 1995, Vier eeuwenturfwinning. De verveningen in Groningen,Friesl<strong>and</strong>, Drenthe en Overijssel tussen 1550en 1950. Hes, ‘t Goy-Houten.Gerding, M.A.W., 1998, From peat moss toactive carbon. The development <strong>of</strong> the peatmanufacturing industry in the Netherl<strong>and</strong>s.In: Sopo, R. (Ed.): The Spirit Of Peatl<strong>and</strong>s,Procs Inter.Peat Symp. Jyväskylä, Finl<strong>and</strong>, pp57-58.Givnish, T.J., 1988, <strong>Ecology</strong> <strong>and</strong> evolution <strong>of</strong>carnivorous plants. In: Abrahamson, W.B.,(Ed.): Plant-animal interactions. MacGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 243-290.Glaser, P. H., 1999, The distribution <strong>and</strong> origin<strong>of</strong> mire pools. In: St<strong>and</strong>en, V., Tallis, J., <strong>and</strong>Meade, R., (Eds.): Patterned <strong>mires</strong> <strong>and</strong> mirepools - Origin <strong>and</strong> development; flora <strong>and</strong>fauna. British Ecological Society, Durham, pp.4-25.Glaser, P.H., Siegel, D.I., Romanowicz, E.A.,<strong>and</strong> Shen, Y.P., 1997, Regional linkagesbetween raised bogs <strong>and</strong> the climate,groundwater <strong>and</strong> l<strong>and</strong>scape in north-westernMinnesota. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>Ecology</strong> 85: 3-16.Glenn, S., Heyes, A., Moore, T., 1993, Carbondioxide <strong>and</strong> methane fluxes from drained peatsoils, Southern Québec. Global Biogeochem.Cycles, Vol. 7 (2), 247-257.Glob, P.V., 1965, Mosefolket - JernalderensMennesker bevaret i 2000 Ar. Gyldendal,Kobenhavn.Global Climate Change Task Force Of TheCouncil On Engineering <strong>and</strong> Council OnPublic Affairs, 1998, Technology implicationsfor the U.S. <strong>of</strong> the Kyoto Protocol carbon
- Page 1 and 2:
WISE USEOF MIRES AND PEATLANDS -BAC
- Page 3 and 4:
IMCG/IPS STATEMENT3CONTENTSGuide to
- Page 5 and 6:
IMCG/IPS STATEMENT5References .....
- Page 7 and 8:
IMCG/IPS STATEMENT7Peatlands are na
- Page 9 and 10:
IMCG/IPS STATEMENT9use of the peatl
- Page 11 and 12:
GUIDE TO THE USE OF THE DOCUMENT11a
- Page 13 and 14:
GUIDE TO THE USE OF THE DOCUMENT13A
- Page 15 and 16:
GUIDE TO THE USE OF THE DOCUMENT15b
- Page 17 and 18:
GUIDE TO THE USE OF THE DOCUMENT17c
- Page 19 and 20:
INTRODUCTION19resources. These help
- Page 21 and 22:
INTRODUCTION211998 Peatlands Under
- Page 23 and 24:
INTRODUCTION23●●●●●●●
- Page 25 and 26:
MIRES AND PEATLANDS252.2 PEAT FORMA
- Page 27 and 28:
MIRES AND PEATLANDS27Table 2/1: Eco
- Page 29 and 30:
MIRES AND PEATLANDS29Figure 2/3: Hy
- Page 31 and 32:
MIRES AND PEATLANDS31peat formation
- Page 33 and 34:
MIRES AND PEATLANDS33Outside the tr
- Page 35 and 36:
MIRES AND PEATLANDS35decay in the c
- Page 37 and 38:
MIRES AND PEATLANDS37formed peat an
- Page 39 and 40:
MIRES AND PEATLANDS39
- Page 41 and 42:
MIRES AND PEATLANDS41differs in thi
- Page 43 and 44:
MIRES AND PEATLANDS43Sieffermann et
- Page 45 and 46:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 47 and 48:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 49 and 50:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 51 and 52:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 53 and 54:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 55 and 56:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 57 and 58:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 59 and 60:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 61 and 62:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 63 and 64:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 65 and 66:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 67 and 68:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 69 and 70:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 71 and 72:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 73 and 74:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 75 and 76:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 77 and 78:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 79 and 80:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 81 and 82:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 83 and 84:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 85 and 86:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 87 and 88:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 89 and 90:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 91 and 92:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 93 and 94:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 95 and 96:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 97 and 98:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 99 and 100:
VALUES AND FUCTIONS OF MIRES AND PE
- Page 101 and 102:
VALUES AND CONFLICTS: WHERE DIFFERE
- Page 103 and 104:
VALUES AND CONFLICTS: WHERE DIFFERE
- Page 105 and 106:
VALUES AND CONFLICTS: WHERE DIFFERE
- Page 107 and 108:
VALUES AND CONFLICTS: WHERE DIFFERE
- Page 109 and 110:
VALUES AND CONFLICTS: WHERE DIFFERE
- Page 111 and 112:
VALUES AND CONFLICTS: WHERE DIFFERE
- Page 113 and 114:
VALUES AND CONFLICTS: WHERE DIFFERE
- Page 115 and 116:
VALUES AND CONFLICTS: WHERE DIFFERE
- Page 117 and 118:
VALUES AND CONFLICTS: WHERE DIFFERE
- Page 119 and 120:
VALUES AND CONFLICTS: WHERE DIFFERE
- Page 121 and 122:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE121This consi
- Page 123 and 124:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE123Some examp
- Page 125 and 126:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE1253. There i
- Page 127 and 128:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE1278. The pri
- Page 129 and 130:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE129(2) Intern
- Page 131 and 132:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE131National p
- Page 133 and 134:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE133(8) Educat
- Page 135 and 136:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE135the manage
- Page 137 and 138:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE137Does the e
- Page 139 and 140:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE139well-being
- Page 141 and 142:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE141This summa
- Page 143 and 144:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE143knowledge
- Page 145 and 146:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE145Surwold Me
- Page 147 and 148:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE147Peatland-l
- Page 149 and 150:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE149Marine tra
- Page 151 and 152:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE151Bog prepar
- Page 153 and 154:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE153Peat-fired
- Page 155 and 156:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE155Cattle on
- Page 157 and 158:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE157Pristine p
- Page 159 and 160:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE159Fire on a
- Page 161 and 162:
FRAMEWORK FOR WISE USE16171See §§
- Page 163 and 164:
GLOSSARY OF CONCEPTS AND TERMS163Ba
- Page 165 and 166:
GLOSSARY OF CONCEPTS AND TERMS165De
- Page 167 and 168:
GLOSSARY OF CONCEPTS AND TERMS167Fo
- Page 169 and 170:
GLOSSARY OF CONCEPTS AND TERMS169In
- Page 171 and 172:
GLOSSARY OF CONCEPTS AND TERMS171No
- Page 173 and 174: GLOSSARY OF CONCEPTS AND TERMS173Pi
- Page 175 and 176: GLOSSARY OF CONCEPTS AND TERMS175So
- Page 177 and 178: GLOSSARY OF CONCEPTS AND TERMS177Vo
- Page 179 and 180: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS179Lindsay, Richard
- Page 181 and 182: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS181International Pe
- Page 183 and 184: APPENDICES183APPENDICES
- Page 185 and 186: APPENDIX I185Original 2002 2002Coun
- Page 187 and 188: APPENDIX I187Philippines 300,000 10
- Page 189 and 190: APPENDIX I189Country Total area Pea
- Page 191 and 192: APPENDIX I191Country Total area Pea
- Page 193 and 194: APPENDIX I193The other important as
- Page 195 and 196: APPENDIX 2195Region Methane emissio
- Page 197 and 198: APPENDIX 2197A2.3 THE ROLE OF PEATL
- Page 199 and 200: APPENDIX 21991200010000FensBogskg C
- Page 201 and 202: APPENDIX 2201Total C in 10 9 gUndis
- Page 203 and 204: APPENDIX 2203source of carbon dioxi
- Page 205 and 206: APPENDIX 4205APPENDIX 4PATTERNS OF
- Page 207 and 208: APPENDIX 4207license from the relev
- Page 209 and 210: APPENDIX 52093. Quality of decision
- Page 211 and 212: APPENDIX 6211APPENDIX 6CODE OF COND
- Page 213 and 214: APPENDIX 7213APPENDIX 7INTERNATIONA
- Page 215 and 216: APPENDICES2151Based on information
- Page 217 and 218: REFERENCES217REFERENCESAardema, M.,
- Page 219 and 220: REFERENCES219Bedford, B.L., 1999, C
- Page 221 and 222: REFERENCES221morning. Hunting and n
- Page 223: REFERENCES223Application of static
- Page 227 and 228: REFERENCES227beautiful). Proceeding
- Page 229 and 230: REFERENCES229595 p.IPCC, 1995, Clim
- Page 231 and 232: REFERENCES231der Sitten (Ed. by Kra
- Page 233 and 234: REFERENCES233are you harvested. Rev
- Page 235 and 236: REFERENCES235Marschner, H., 1995, M
- Page 237 and 238: REFERENCES237wet relationship. Tran
- Page 239 and 240: REFERENCES239Växtsociologiska Säl
- Page 241 and 242: REFERENCES241Peatland, Sarawak, Mal
- Page 243 and 244: REFERENCES243Schäfer, A., and Dege
- Page 245 and 246: REFERENCES245Sirin, A.A., Minaeva T
- Page 247 and 248: REFERENCES247Princeton University P
- Page 249 and 250: REFERENCES249Kluwer Academic Publis
- Page 251 and 252: REFERENCES251Event, p. 222.Whinam,
- Page 253 and 254: INDEX253INDEXAAapa mire 30, 42, 81,
- Page 255 and 256: INDEX255Arrhenius Svante 99Art/arti
- Page 257 and 258: INDEX257Black peat 41, 54, 56, 58,
- Page 259 and 260: INDEX259Carex canescens 27Carex ces
- Page 261 and 262: INDEX261Cloud condensation nuclei 7
- Page 263 and 264: INDEX263Cross purposes 103Cross-cou
- Page 265 and 266: INDEX265Dutch Foundation for the Co
- Page 267 and 268: INDEX267Eurasia 60, 75, 196Europe 3
- Page 269 and 270: INDEX269Freedom from arbitrary arre
- Page 271 and 272: INDEX271Growing media 51-53, 136, 1
- Page 273 and 274: INDEX273Hydrologic characteristics
- Page 275 and 276:
INDEX275ISO 14001 136Isotope 169Iso
- Page 277 and 278:
INDEX277Lathyrus palustris 27Latk F
- Page 279 and 280:
INDEX279Management Guidelines 19, 2
- Page 281 and 282:
REFERENCES281Modifiers 120, 127-128
- Page 283 and 284:
REFERENCES283New Caledonia 191New Z
- Page 285 and 286:
REFERENCES285PPacific North West 71
- Page 287 and 288:
REFERENCES287Photochemically active
- Page 289 and 290:
REFERENCES289Product diversificatio
- Page 291 and 292:
REFERENCES291Research 100Research n
- Page 293 and 294:
REFERENCES293Scotland 58, 59, 98Sco
- Page 295 and 296:
REFERENCES295Song of the Peatbog So
- Page 297 and 298:
REFERENCES297Suspended solids 56, 8
- Page 299 and 300:
REFERENCES299Triglochin palustre 27
- Page 301 and 302:
REFERENCES301Verlandungsmoore 26Ver
- Page 303 and 304:
REFERENCES303Wool 57Works of art 83