2010 ilerleme raporu - Avrupa Birliği Bakanlığı

dispersed and weak. Further efforts are needed to increase the employability of persons withdisabilities in both the public and private sector. No progress has been made towardsfinalisation of the Memorandum on social protection and social inclusion (JIM).There has been little progress in the field of social protection. A circular was issued by thePrime Minister’s Office addressing the conditions of seasonal migrant agricultural workerswith regard, among other things, to housing, access to education, health and social security. Afree helpline number (144) regarding social assistance services has been launched. Thepercentage of people covered by the social security system remained at 80%. The draft law onsocial assistance and payments without premiums is still pending. Turkey reports a largedeficit in the pension system, which has widened considerably in the wake of the crisis. Moreefforts are needed to extend the coverage of the pension system to undeclared workers and toencourage those covered to work longer in the formal sector, Access to primary healthservices and extension of the general health insurance scheme have improved. Staff shortagesremain an acute challenge for the healthcare system.There has been no progress towards transposition of the acquis in the field of antidiscrimination.The Labour Law is not applicable to the period prior to conclusion of alabour contract. There is no definition in Turkish legislation of direct and indirectdiscrimination. The acquis covering discrimination on grounds of racial or ethnic origin,religion or belief, disability, age and sexual orientation is not transposed.Some progress can be reported in the field of equal opportunities. The constitutionalamendment stipulates that measures taken to achieve substantive equality between men andwomen cannot be deemed contrary to the principle of equality. A circular was issued by thePrime Minister’s Office to mainstream gender issues into implementation of, among otherthings, employment-related legislation and policies, workplace inspections, strategic plansand in-service training. The parliamentary Commission on equal opportunities for men andwomen continued its work by preparing reports and holding consultations with relevantparties. Women’s employment and labour force participation rates 46 remain lower than all theEU Member States and the lowest among OECD countries. Women are disproportionallyaffected by informal work conditions and unpaid work in agriculture. The provision ofaffordable child care is insufficient. The gender pay gap persists. Legislation and policiesaiming to harmonise work and family life are yet to be adopted. Efforts to implement thenational action plan for 2008-2013 on gender equality lack sufficient human and financialresources (see Political criteria — Economic and social rights).ConclusionOverall, Turkey made some progress in the field of social policy and employment. Theconstitutional amendment package brings significant improvements in the area of socialdialogue in the public sector and paves the way for positive discrimination towards women,children, elderly and disabled people. However, Turkey’s alignment in the field of socialpolicy and employment remains limited. A comprehensive reform of trade union legislationaimed at achieving full trade union rights in line with EU standards and ILO conventions isstill pending. The constitutional amendment package did not introduce the right to strike forcivil servants. The Turkish labour market continues to feature large-scale undeclared workand low female employment rates. The limited scope of the labour law and enforcement of thehealth and safety legislation are areas of concern. A general policy framework to combat4622.3% and 26% respectively.EN 71 EN