2010 ilerleme raporu - Avrupa Birliği Bakanlığı

esistance to security officers for their participation in meetings or demonstrations, will nolonger be sentenced also for membership of a terrorist organisation. In general, the lawprovides for the non-application on juveniles of a number of aggravating circumstancesincluded in the Anti-Terror Law. This is expected to reduce in practice significantly the prisonsentences imposed on children participating in meetings or demonstrations. Finally, the lawforesees that juvenile courts can decide to postpone the announcement of a judgement, toconvert a prison sentence to alternative sanctions, or to suspend the sentence for terror-relatedcrimes.As regards minority rights and cultural rights, Turkey has made progress on cultural rights,especially by further relaxing use of the Kurdish language in private TV and radio broadcastsand in prisons. The 24-hour Arabic-language TV broadcasts started in 2010 in addition to theKurdish-language TV channel which started the previous year. However, restrictions remain,particularly on use of languages other than Turkish in political life, education and contactswith public services. The legislation on use of languages other than Turkish is open torestrictive interpretations and implementation is inconsistent. There has been some progress inthe situation of the Roma, as their issues have become more publicly debated, andimplementation is underway. However, Roma still frequently face discriminatory treatment.Turkey's approach on minorities remains restrictive. Full respect for and protection oflanguage, culture and fundamental rights, in accordance with European standards, have yet tobe fully achieved. Turkey needs to make further efforts to enhance tolerance or promoteinclusiveness vis-à-vis minorities.Overall, there has been progress in the area of the judiciary. The adoption of the constitutionalamendments on the structure of the High Council of Judges and Prosecutors along with thelimitation of the competence of military courts is a positive step. Attention needs to be paid onthe establishment of an effective dialogue with all stakeholders and the civil society at large,and on the implementation of these reforms in line with European standards. With respect toanti-corruption, progress was made as regards the development of a comprehensive anticorruptionstrategy and an action plan as well as a body to oversee and monitor theirimplementation. However, effective implementation of the Strategy is necessary to mitigatecorruption which remains prevalent in many areas. Turkey needs to develop a track record ofinvestigation, indictments and convictions. With regard to fundamental rights, progress hasbeen made. Constitutional amendments bring important changes in the area of data protection,trade union rights, women and children's rights. However, further significant efforts areneeded in most areas, in particular freedom of expression and freedom of religion. Turkey'sapproach to minority rights remains restrictive.4.24. Chapter 24: Justice, freedom and securitySome progress has been made with regard to migration. An amendment to Article 79 of theTurkish Penal Code on smuggling of migrants increasing the sentences for those involved inmigrant smuggling, was adopted in July 2010. In March 2010, a circular was issued by theMinistry of the Interior on combating irregular migration. According to the circular, anirregular migrant for whom the legal procedures have been completed will be placed in aremoval centre or alternative premises previously indicated by the governorate. The circularalso lays down the ‘principles concerning the physical conditions in removal centres and thepractices adopted in these centres’, stating that removal centres need to be regularly inspectedby the governor, district governor and the Turkish National Police (TNP); allegations ofhuman rights violations in removal centres need to be investigated; irregular migrants need toEN 80 EN