the village but it was a Turkish village on the banks of the Batmana Murad River. My mother said “<strong>The</strong>ybrought me <strong>to</strong> Mush, and then handed me <strong>to</strong> an American orphanage there.” Well, my mother sufferedso much; she tells “I was weeping day and night.” Housemother was asking her “Dear Haykanush, whydo you cry? We will go <strong>to</strong> Armenia, we will take you with us.” So, my mother stayed there. [In the meanwhile]our people came, they also reached Moush. <strong>The</strong>y also brought my two younger uncles, my mother’scousins, <strong>to</strong> this same orphanage. <strong>The</strong>y brought them <strong>to</strong> this asylum and they saw that my motherwas there <strong>to</strong>o. My mother was the elder, she was 13, and these were younger. She said, after one monththey came, <strong>to</strong>ok these children, so that they were going <strong>to</strong> Armenia, on foot. Whatever way my motherasked them, her uncles did not take her. <strong>The</strong>y didn’t take her, because they <strong>to</strong>ok her once on foot andshe couldn’t walk, so they had <strong>to</strong> leave her at a foreign village, near some gate. That is why they didn’ttake her. She said, “I cried so much, housemother came, she said do not cry, we will go there on a cart,while they had <strong>to</strong> go on foot. We will take you right <strong>to</strong> Armenia.” So, my mother stayed at the asylum,and then they brought them in carts. <strong>The</strong>y first came <strong>to</strong> Leninakan, then from Leninakan <strong>to</strong> Yerevan,and from Yerevan they brought her <strong>to</strong> the Ashtarak asylum.Now about my father. <strong>The</strong>y were five sisters and three brothers. His sisters were already married. <strong>The</strong>yall have been murdered along with their families, none survived. None of the sisters survived. Neitherhis sisters, nor their children. My father was married in Ergir 1 , he had a daughter. During the massacresthey killed his wife, his daughter, his parents – everyone. If not for one kind Turkmy father would havebeen killed in the watermill <strong>to</strong>o.My father worked as miller, at the water mill ... Ashe-Alodina - there is a Turkish village near Tigranakert.‘Ashe’ means water mill, Alodina was the name of the owner of the mill. So, a few Turks worked there.His father – my father’s father – had placed all their golden coins in a pitcher. He gave fifty golden coins<strong>to</strong> each of his children, then he buried the pitcher under the fireplace slab; he said “Whoever survives,he may come and take the pitcher.” <strong>One</strong> of the brothers, <strong>to</strong>o, was a miller at a Turkish water mill, hehad three sons. My father’s younger brother also survived, but my father didn’t know this, up <strong>to</strong> the end.So my father was at the mill, then a kind Turkish man came and <strong>to</strong>ld him “run away if you can. <strong>The</strong>y arecoming now, they will kill you”. My father immediately [went away], there were some small trees and[he hid] there. He said, “I hadn’t gone even hundred meters, some horsemen came, s<strong>to</strong>pped at the milldoor. So, my father got away, he came <strong>to</strong> the village Asi. This was a Kurdish village. <strong>The</strong>re were goodKurds in the Sheko house, they rescued many Armenians. He came <strong>to</strong> their house, he saw there werequite many Armenians there...This Kurd’s wife was a large woman; she was baking glgili bread on saj[Arab. iron dome-shaped pan]. So, she was baking it, giving it <strong>to</strong> our Armenians, the same. She was sucha good woman. <strong>The</strong>y were good people. <strong>The</strong>re was a [boy] named Poghos, he was from the Hazo <strong>to</strong>wn...He was such a brave boy, Turks were not able <strong>to</strong> take him over. Turks had put a price that his head wasworth 100 gold coins. Those who would kill Poghos, bring over his head, would get 100 gold coins. So, the1 In this context the word Ergir denotes homeland.140
elder guy in this house died and his widow fell in love with this Poghos. She made him a proposal butthis guy from Hazo refused. He said, our rule does not allow me <strong>to</strong> betray these kind people. But laterthis daughter-in-law killed him and <strong>to</strong>ok off his head... At that time they didn’t have skewers for stirring<strong>to</strong>ndir, they had some wood chips like paddle handle. So she wrapped that thing in red Baghdad cloth,my father was telling... they lived <strong>to</strong>gether at that house. He said, she pinned Poghos’ head on a fire iron,wrapped the red Baghdad cloth around the neck of her horse, got on the horse, heading <strong>to</strong> Moush <strong>to</strong> getthe hundred gold coins. That woman...My father said, “After that, there were two Kurds, their names were Chaush and Ho<strong>to</strong>, they <strong>to</strong>ok a goldencoin from each Armenian <strong>to</strong> bring them <strong>to</strong> Moush. So they brought them <strong>to</strong> Moush, and my fatherwas with them but there was such a heavy snowfall that night that they couldn’t manage <strong>to</strong> come back<strong>to</strong> Asi. My father said these Armenian survivors killed Ho<strong>to</strong>. <strong>The</strong>y wanted <strong>to</strong> kill Chaush <strong>to</strong>o, but our villagepriest Ter-Manuk came over, he said “Pest upon you, they gave you bread, kept you for months,they brought you here...” <strong>The</strong>y answered him “<strong>The</strong>se people <strong>to</strong>ok gold from us, only then they broughtus...” Well, there are bad things about Armenians, <strong>to</strong>o... That Kurds from Sheko’s house rescued as manyas two hundred Armenians, brought them <strong>to</strong> Moush. <strong>The</strong>re was an epidemic in Moush. Some peopledied, those who managed <strong>to</strong> survive, they reached Ujan. Andranik brought them from Moush. My fatherjoined Andranik’s volunteer army. So they came from Moush, and they brought this Chaush along. ThusChaush also lived here. When he helped them get away, brought them here, he planned <strong>to</strong> go back. Butit happened so that the rule was changed, the borders were closed, and he didn’t go back. <strong>The</strong> people ofUjan looked after him well, kept him well, and in the end, they arranged for his funeral, the ceremony.It was due <strong>to</strong> him that about 60% of the population of Ujan [reached there], he helped them get away,brought them here. He died in 1985, I think.My father went around with Andranik’s army, with everyone, all these refugees along with them, andChaush went with them <strong>to</strong>o. Wherever Andranik went, he <strong>to</strong>ok them with him. My father was in the army,his wife and children were coming behind the army, as refugees. It was Andranik who brought thesepeople <strong>to</strong> the Ujan village. Here, in Ujan, there lived some Turks. When they heard that Andranik pashawas coming, out of fear, they all went <strong>to</strong> Meymandar. When my father came, he found out that thedaughter of ‘res’ [village head] Harutyun was in an orphan asylum... Well, he knew my granddad fromTigranakert. He came, he found out that it was the Ashtarak asylum. He went there and found my mother,then he asked the housemother <strong>to</strong> give her <strong>to</strong> him. <strong>The</strong> housemother said “Shame on you, you couldbe her father, we won’t give her <strong>to</strong> you”. My father was twenty years older than my mother. <strong>The</strong> nextday my father came again, he said “Give her <strong>to</strong> me, or if you don’t, I will come back again, I will steal thegirl and will plunder the asylum, <strong>to</strong>o.” So, my father brought my mother from the asylum <strong>to</strong> the houseof an Ashtarak inhabitant. In that house stayed the family of Harut, the family of Minas, and my fatherand mother – they stayed there for ten months. And there my mother got pregnant with me. So she wasalmost due... <strong>The</strong>n my father, with ten-fifteen elderly people came <strong>to</strong> Ujan, they “caught” 1 a house. No-1 That is, they <strong>to</strong>ok a house.141
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Published by:Institut für Internat
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ContentsForeword...................
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ForewordThe project “Adult Educat
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Aras, Yasin Aras, Welat Ay, Cenk Ce
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The main audience of this book is o
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“Wish they hadn’t left”:The B
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ed by 1915 and where memories of Ar
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1915 tends to be represented by int
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Yet to a large extent, Turkish inte
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this, we can’t. It’s impossible
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een very advanced in trade and craf
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How to Come to Terms with Phantom P
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It is always you who has to be nice
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to the way he was raised: “They f
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empathize with Armenians: “My aun
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Adil is not the only one marked by
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ness may be an attempt to overcome
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dernity and the oral transmission o
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A soup pot with spoons around itAt
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What if My Mother is Armenian?Ruhi
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If I were younger I’d get baptize
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with butter. We’ll serve the impo
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The time Salih and Gavrik are worki
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Turkey’s changing context is refr
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‘It was to be expected.’ And my
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against one another. The feet of th
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Fear of Losing a CityZübeyde was b
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half for me.’ But what do our Mus
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e discussed when the kids were arou
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possible by the difference in relig
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The Charm of AraratMehmet is a 62-y
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dogs protected the sheep against wo
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The Story of the “Night People”
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“I don’t know why, but my grand
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Research in Armenia:“Whom to Forg
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and can generally be located in Tur
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“Whom to Forgive? What to Forgive
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“Private Stories”After the esta
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Recalling MemoriesOral history diff
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In the village of Ujan, where the v
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The home-museum of Gevork Chaush in
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- Page 109 and 110: at that time, Mustafa and Jamal, wh
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- Page 165: [Turk. wife]”. In the morning I t
- Page 168 and 169: 4 Albert Mamikonyan,1953, in Kirova
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