other regions are entirely populated with Armenians who escaped massacres in urban and rural areasof Van, Bitlis, Sasoun, Moush, Alashkert. Yerevan districts of Aresh, Zeitun, Sebastia, Butanya and Malatiaare populated by people that escaped from the similarly named <strong>to</strong>wns in Turkey and moved <strong>to</strong> Armeniain the forties and the sixties. For these neighborhoods the past is not only a <strong>to</strong>pic for memories,but also a part of present life, because people with mixed cognation, grandsons and granddaughters ofaunts and uncles, former fellow <strong>to</strong>wnsmen and villagers, former friends’ descendants of second andthird generations continue <strong>to</strong> find each other and the past, even if it is partly mythologized, “return” <strong>to</strong>present life <strong>to</strong>gether with the burdens of years past: current Armenian-English-Arabic-Spanish vernacularis sometimes full of Turkish or Kurdish words. As an inheritance from Turkish or Kurdish speakingparents there is still a generation that understands these languages, part of this generation learned thelanguages of countries where they moved <strong>to</strong>, but not Armenian, and when they meet each other, Turkish,not Armenian, becomes the language of conversation, which they use <strong>to</strong> speak about their present,or <strong>to</strong> tell s<strong>to</strong>ries about their lives, full of memories of shared victims, or “verbal silence», when they cannotfind common language carrier. <strong>The</strong>se meetings are full of anxieties and new memories about thedestinies of certain people: (”I saw your aunt in the year ...., in Australia, she survived...”, “...my fathermet the sister of your grandmother in 1920 in Ardvin, when he was leaving the city, she was married <strong>to</strong>some Turk...”, “your uncle had also survived, when he was five years old he was left in Dayr az-Zawr in alocal Arab’s marquee. I saw him, he became an old Arab, a real Muslim, but he still remembers the past.He even remembered your father’s name. When I <strong>to</strong>ld him that his father had survived and had s<strong>to</strong>resand children in Aleppo, he showed no interest”), and listeners often become obsessed with the desire <strong>to</strong>find their distant relatives. Our respondents <strong>to</strong>ld us numerous similar s<strong>to</strong>ries. Some people of our generationsometimes get more information about their parents, when they find their missing , because oftentheir parents do not want <strong>to</strong> share their tragic his<strong>to</strong>ries, (this is how Aida Topuzyan, born in Beirut92Aida Topuzyan, born in Beirut<strong>to</strong> parents from Adabazar andMersin recalls the s<strong>to</strong>ry of herfather’s aunt.
<strong>to</strong> parents from Adabazar and Mersin, faced her past, when in the seventies she found her father’s auntin the USA).<strong>The</strong> last twenty years have provided such memories with a new feed source. <strong>The</strong>re is now an opportunity<strong>to</strong> visit Turkey and see their lost homeland (the narrative of such s<strong>to</strong>ry is included in this book). Peoplego and find the villages of their predecessors, sometimes also the house they lived in, important placestheir grandfathers <strong>to</strong>ld them about; the cemetery, church, sacred places, trees, forests. When they telltheir s<strong>to</strong>ry they usually say “our village”, “our house”, “and our forest». And with sacred fear they bringwith them flowers and fruits their predecessor’s saw and loved, the stream water they cherished. <strong>The</strong>ysometimes even meet people who remember the past and talk with them, and these visits become newFlowers from the outskirts of the Khastur 1 village of Alashkert 2 , brought in 2007.1 Khastur (Khanzer, Hatstur).2 Alashkert-(Alashgerd, Elishkirt, Toprakkale, Toprakghala, Toprakkhala, Toprakkala, Toprakkale, Topraghkala, Topraghkale,Topragkale, Topraqkala, Topraqkale, Topraqqale, Valashkert, Valarkert, Vaghashakert, Vagharshakert). Up <strong>to</strong> 1914 was asettlement in Bayazet, in Karin /Erzrum/ state, with the center in Alashkert. It was located in the bed of one of the tributariesof Sharian river, a right-side tributary of Eastern Euphrates, on the road of Trabzon-Erzrum-Maku-Tabriz.93
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Published by:Institut für Internat
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ContentsForeword...................
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ForewordThe project “Adult Educat
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Aras, Yasin Aras, Welat Ay, Cenk Ce
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The main audience of this book is o
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“Wish they hadn’t left”:The B
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ed by 1915 and where memories of Ar
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1915 tends to be represented by int
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Yet to a large extent, Turkish inte
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this, we can’t. It’s impossible
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een very advanced in trade and craf
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How to Come to Terms with Phantom P
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It is always you who has to be nice
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to the way he was raised: “They f
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empathize with Armenians: “My aun
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Adil is not the only one marked by
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ness may be an attempt to overcome
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dernity and the oral transmission o
- Page 42 and 43: A soup pot with spoons around itAt
- Page 44 and 45: What if My Mother is Armenian?Ruhi
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- Page 51 and 52: The time Salih and Gavrik are worki
- Page 53 and 54: Turkey’s changing context is refr
- Page 55 and 56: ‘It was to be expected.’ And my
- Page 57 and 58: against one another. The feet of th
- Page 59 and 60: Fear of Losing a CityZübeyde was b
- Page 61 and 62: half for me.’ But what do our Mus
- Page 63 and 64: e discussed when the kids were arou
- Page 65 and 66: possible by the difference in relig
- Page 67 and 68: The Charm of AraratMehmet is a 62-y
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- Page 71 and 72: The Story of the “Night People”
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- Page 75: Research in Armenia:“Whom to Forg
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- Page 80 and 81: “Whom to Forgive? What to Forgive
- Page 82 and 83: “Private Stories”After the esta
- Page 84 and 85: Recalling MemoriesOral history diff
- Page 86 and 87: In the village of Ujan, where the v
- Page 88 and 89: The home-museum of Gevork Chaush in
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- Page 96 and 97: Ergir’s Soil is Strong, Ergir’s
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- Page 105 and 106: keeps a copper chalice that was bro
- Page 107 and 108: In some families the passports of t
- Page 109 and 110: at that time, Mustafa and Jamal, wh
- Page 111 and 112: People were so frightened to lose g
- Page 113 and 114: naked, they were decapitating every
- Page 115 and 116: Water, Fire, Desert“There was an
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- Page 119 and 120: Many of our narrators mention the R
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- Page 125 and 126: “Well, They Are Human Too”Even
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- Page 131 and 132: Hamze Ptshuk, survived from Hosnut
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AH - Turks always killed to get int
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“My Father used to Tell us at Hom
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person... I have never seen him, bu
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gotten what you knew”. So, out of
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a paid Adult Residential Facility,
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It was probably after 60s... My fat
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the Vardevar 1 day . Even if we mak
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that this wasn’t a dream... and..
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was our historical village. Nich, I
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just filming around myself with no
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that person whether I could take a
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[Turk. wife]”. In the morning I t
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4 Albert Mamikonyan,1953, in Kirova
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11 Almast Harutyunyan,1920, Ujan vi
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18 Eleonora Ghazaryan.1949, Ashnak
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26 Nairi Tajiryan,1936, Egypt (Cair
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33 Vazgen Ghukasyan,1933, Ashnak vi