Nutrition and HIV/AIDS: A Training Manual - Linkages Project

Illness Diet Care and nutrition practicesFever • Eat soups rich in foods that give energyand nutrients, such as maize, potatoes,and carrots.• Drink fluids to preventdehydration, particularlyclean boiled water.• Drink plenty of liquids.• Bathe in cool water.• Drink teas from lemon, guava, and gum • Rest.tree.• Take two aspirin or Panadol, if• Drink more than usual, beyond thirst. available, with a meal three• Continue to eat small, frequent meals astolerated.times a day (morning,afternoon, and evening).• Go to the health center incase of:‣ Fever that last severaldays and is not relievedwith aspirin‣ Loss of consciousness‣ Severe body pain‣ Yellow eyes‣ Severe diarrhea‣ Convulsion seizure‣ Convulsion seizureNausea andvomiting• Eat small and frequent meals.• Eat foods such as soups, unsweetenedporridge, and fruits such as bananas.• Eat lightly salty and dry foods such ascrackers to calm the stomach.• Drink herbal teas and lemon juice in hotwater.• Avoid spicy and fatty foods.• Avoid caffeine (coffee and tea) andalcohol.• Drink liquids such as clean boiled water.Thrush • Eat soft, mashed foods such as carrots,scrambled eggs, mashed potatoes,bananas, soups, and porridge.• Eat cold or room-temperature foods.• Avoid spicy, salty, or sticky foods; thesemay irritate mouth sores.• Avoid sugary foods; these cause yeast togrow.• Avoid strong citrus fruits and juices thatmay irritate mouth sores.• Avoid alcohol.• Drink plenty of liquids.Anemia • Eat more iron-rich foods such as animalproducts (eggs, fish, meat, and liver)green leafy vegetables (collard greens,spinach), legumes (beans, lentils,groundnuts), nuts, oil seeds and fortifiedcereals.• Take iron supplements.• Avoid an empty stomach;nausea is worse if nothing is inthe stomach.• Avoid lying down immediatelyafter eating; wait at least 20minutes to avoid vomiting.• Rest between meals.• Seek medical attention fortreatment.• If a spoon or cup is available,use it to eat small amounts offoods.• Tilt head back when eating tohelp with swallowing.• Rinse mouth with boiled warmsalt water after eating toreduce irritation and keepinfected areas clean so yeastcannot grow.• If available, take one irontablet once a day with somefood. Take with a source ofvitamin C such as tomatoes ororange juice to help withabsorption.• Drink fluids to avoidconstipation.• Treat malaria and hookworm.114