Nutrition and HIV/AIDS: A Training Manual - Linkages Project

• Dot-blot immunobinding assayUrine tests• EIA• Western blotOral fluid test• EIA• Western blotTests for HIV itselfPolymerase chain reaction (PCR) looks for HIV genetic information. This test is veryuseful for detecting infection during the acute stage and among children born toHIV-infected mothers.Impact of HIV/AIDSHIV affects the mortality trends, food security situation, and health and educationindicators of a society.Demographic impact (slides 20, 21, 22)More than 60 million people have been infected with HIV since the epidemic began.HIV/AIDS is now the leading cause of death in SSA and the fourth largest globalkiller. The average life expectancy in SSA is now 47 years, compared with anestimated 62 years without AIDS. In high-prevalence areas life expectancy hasdecreased severely (see PowerPoint 1). An additional 55 million deaths are projectedin SSA between 2000 and 2020 as a result of AIDS, 39 percent more than would beexpected without AIDS (UNAIDS 2002). The impact of HIV/AIDS on mortality amongchildren between the ages of 1 and 5 years has been even stronger. In 7 countries inthe region, under-five mortality has increased by 20 percent-40 percent.13