Nutrition and HIV/AIDS: A Training Manual - Linkages Project

Types of HIV Test, Cont.Demographic Impact of HIV/AIDSUrine tests• Tests for antibodies in urine• Not as sensitive as blood tests• Enzyme immune assay•Western blotOral fluid tests• Tests for antibodies in oral fluids• Enzyme Immune Assay•Western blot• Falling life expectancy• Increasing mortality, especially amongchildren 1-5 years old (most childreninfected at birth or throughbreastfeeding will die before their fifthbirthdays)Impact on Food SecurityImpact on the Health Sector• Diminished food availability– Falling production– Loss of family labor, land, livestock andother assets)• Reduced access to food because of lowincome• Straining of already meager healthbudgets and stretched health systems− Annual direct medical costs minus ARVs aboutUS$30/person in sub-Saharan Africa− Overall public health spending less thanUS$10/person (UNAIDS)•Heavy toll on labor force