Nutrition and HIV/AIDS: A Training Manual - Linkages Project
Nutrition and HIV/AIDS: A Training Manual - Linkages Project
Nutrition and HIV/AIDS: A Training Manual - Linkages Project
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multiple nutrient supplement, where available, may be needed. Managing barriers toweight gain is important. Ensure that the woman eats sufficient food daily <strong>and</strong> thatthe types of food used to prepare meals <strong>and</strong> snacks provide her with enough criticalnutrients to meet her daily needs for pregnancy <strong>and</strong> lactation. Provide information<strong>and</strong> counseling on managing feeding <strong>and</strong> appetite problems during pregnancy <strong>and</strong>, ifnecessary, during lactation.Refer to H<strong>and</strong>out 6.3: Checklist for the <strong>Nutrition</strong>al Assessment of the Pregnant orLactating <strong>HIV</strong>-infected Pregnant Woman or Adolescent Girl.<strong>Nutrition</strong> education <strong>and</strong> counseling (slide 34)<strong>Nutrition</strong> education <strong>and</strong> counseling should be an integral part of nutritional care <strong>and</strong>support of the <strong>HIV</strong>-infected pregnant or lactating woman or adolescent. <strong>Nutrition</strong>education <strong>and</strong> counseling are important to help the mother underst<strong>and</strong> the need tomaintain an adequate diet <strong>and</strong> how to manage common gastrointestinal problemsrelated to <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>and</strong> pregnancy that may have a negative impact on nutritional intake.Counseling on the dietary management of common symptoms that affect intake isessential to ensure continued adequate energy <strong>and</strong> nutrients to maintain lean bodymass, ensure optimal gestational weight gain during pregnancy, <strong>and</strong> delay diseaseprogression. In addition, counseling <strong>and</strong> education should address vitamin <strong>and</strong>mineral supplementation (particularly iron <strong>and</strong> folate supplementation) duringpregnancy, malaria <strong>and</strong> hookworm treatment as required, <strong>and</strong> adequate diet tosupport lactation <strong>and</strong> prevent weight loss.Group educational talks can address topics of concern to most women, leaving timein individual sessions for evaluation <strong>and</strong> counseling. Topics for group talks mayinclude food safety, importance of fluids <strong>and</strong> hydration during lactation, <strong>and</strong> locallyavailable nutrient-dense food choices. Antenatal clinics <strong>and</strong> women’s support groupsare settings where group educational talks could be beneficial.<strong>Nutrition</strong> counseling in the context of <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong>Many people think counseling is giving information <strong>and</strong> advice. But counseling an<strong>HIV</strong>-infected pregnant woman or adolescent girl may involve more than impartinginformation <strong>and</strong> advice on diet, nutrition, <strong>and</strong> healthy eating. The counselor may147
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